| 单词 | 钻石 |
| 释义 | 〔ultimate〕Has the ultimate diamond been found?发现了最大的钻石了吗?〔fob〕fobbed off the zircon as a diamond.把锆石当成钻石冒牌出售〔bort〕Poorly crystallized diamonds used for industrial cutting and abrasion.下等金刚石，工业用钻石：结晶很差的金刚石，用于工业切割和研磨〔demantoid〕from Demant [diamond] 源自 Demant [钻石] 〔Conwell〕American cleric and educator who was the founder (1888) and first president of Temple University. His lecture "Acres of Diamonds" (first delivered in 1861) was particularly popular on the Chautauqua circuit.康威尔，拉塞尔·赫尔曼：(1843-1925) 美国神职人员和教育家，1888年创建坦普尔大学并担任首任校长。他的演讲“钻石之地”（最初发表于1861年）在肖托夸教育集会中为人传诵〔solitaire〕A gem, such as a diamond, that is set alone.独粒宝石（首饰）：独自分开的一个宝石（如钻石）〔rhinestone〕Although rhinestones are inseparably associated with the costumes of country and western singers and Las Vegas showgirls,the word originally had European associations.The Rhine inrhinestone is the Rhine River, andrhinestone is a translation into English of the French phrase caillou du Rhin. Originally a rhinestone was a kind of rock crystal that was found in or near the Rhine and given a fancy name, as have other types of rock crystal such as Cornish diamond.Such stones could be made to imitate diamonds;hence the namerhinestone was applied to artificial gems made from paste, glass, or gem quartz. Rhinestones have spread far beyond the Rhine,becoming a central ingredient of certain aspects of Americana.Cornish diamonds have not shared the same fate.虽然莱茵石与乡村服装，西部歌手及拉斯维加斯的歌舞女郎联系紧密，但这个单词最初与欧洲有联系。单词rhinestong（莱茵石） 中的Rhine指莱茵河， 而rhinestone 是由法语短语 caillou du Rhin 翻译成英语的。 莱茵石最初是一种在莱茵河中或附近发现的天然透明石英石，并如同其它类型天然透明石英石，例如康沃尔钻石那样被赋予了一个新奇的名字。这样的石头能被用来仿造钻石；因而名称rhinestone（莱茵石） 便用于由含铅玻璃、玻璃或宝石石英制成的人造宝石。 莱茵石已遍及莱茵河以外，成为美国某些外观的重要组成部分。而康沃尔钻石则没有同样的命运〔industrial〕industrial workers; industrial diamonds.产业工人；工业用钻石〔diamond〕a diamond bracelet; diamond jewelry.钻石手镯；钻石宝石〔Wajda〕Polish filmmaker whose works, includingAshes and Diamonds (1958) and Man of Iron (1981), concern Polish history and politics. 华依达，安得烈：波兰电影制片人，制作有《灰烬与钻石》 （1958年）和 《铁人》 （1981年），皆关注波兰历史与政治 〔diamante〕French diamanté [decorated with diamonds] 法语 diamanté [饰以钻石的] 〔carbon〕Symbol C A naturally abundant nonmetallic element that occurs in many inorganic and in all organic compounds, exists freely as graphite and diamond and as a constituent of coal, limestone, and petroleum, and is capable of chemical self-bonding to form an enormous number of chemically, biologically, and commercially important molecules. Atomic number 6; atomic weight 12.01115; sublimation point above 3,500°C; boiling point 4,827°C; specific gravity of amorphous carbon 1.8 to 2.1, of diamond 3.15 to 3.53, of graphite 1.9 to 2.3; valence 2, 3, 4. See table at element 符号 C 碳：一种在自然界很丰富的非金属元素，存在于很多无机化合物和有机化合物中，以石墨和金刚石的形式以及作为煤，石灰岩和石油的一种成份大量存在，能在化学上自我结合而形成大量化学上，生物上和商业上重要的分子，原子序数6；原子量12.01115；升华点高于3,500°C；沸点4,827°C；非结晶质碳的比重为1.8至2.1，钻石的比重为3.15至3.53，石墨的比重为1.9至2.3；化合价为2，3，4 参见 element〔pipe〕One of the vertical veins of eruptive origin in which diamonds are found in South Africa.喷出筒状脉：一种爆发性生成的筒状矿脉，在南非的该种矿脉中发现了钻石〔Amsterdam〕The constitutional capital and largest city of the Netherlands, in the western part of the country on the Ij, an inlet of the Ijsselmeer. Linked to the North Sea by a ship canal, the city has an important stock exchange and is a major center of the diamond-cutting industry. Population, 676,439.阿姆斯特丹：荷兰法定首都和最大城市，位于该国西部艾瑟尔湖的一个入口处，经过内河航道与北海相连。阿姆斯特丹有重要的股票交易所而且是主要的钻石切割业中心，人口676,439〔jewel〕A small natural or artificial gem used as a bearing in a watch.钻石：小的天然的或人造宝石，用作手表中的轴承〔clear〕a clear, perfect diamond; a clear record with the police.完美无暇的钻石；无前科的警方记录〔carbonado〕A form of opaque or dark-colored diamond used for drills. Also called black diamond 黑金刚石：一种不透明的或深色的钻石，用作钻（头） 也作 black diamond〔fullerene〕Any of various cagelike, hollow molecules composed of hexagonal and pentagonal groups of atoms, and especially those formed from carbon, that constitute the third form of carbon after diamond and graphite.富勒烯：任何多种如笼子状、空心的分子，由六角形或五角形的原子组成，尤其指形成钻石和宝石后的碳为第三形式的碳〔Brady〕American financier and philanthropist who gained his nickname because of his attraction to diamonds and his extravagant lifestyle.布拉德利，詹姆斯·布坎南：(1856-1917) 美国金融家和慈善家，因为其酷爱钻石和挥霍无度的生活方式而获得其绰号〔terrapin〕Any of various North American aquatic turtles of the family Emydiolae, especially the genusMalaclemys, which includes the diamondback terrapin. 水龟：各种产于北美的水龟科的水生乌龟的任何一种，尤指水龟属 的水龟，包括钻石背水龟 〔what〕Whenwhat is the subject of a clause, it may be construed as singular or plural, depending on the sense.It is singular when taken as the equivalent ofthat which or the thing which, as inI see what seems to be a dead tree; and it is plural when it is taken as the equivalent ofthose which or the things which, as inHe sometimes makes what seem to be gestures of aloofness. ? When awhat clause is itself the subject of a sentence, it may be construed as singular or plural,but the conditions governing this choice are somewhat more complicated.In general, awhat clause will be taken as a plural when the clause contains an explicit indication of its own plurality. There are two principal cases.First, the clause is plural ifwhat is the subject of the clause and the verb of the clause is itself plural: What seem to be two dead trees are blocking the road. What most surprise me are the inflammatory remarks at the end of his article. If the verb in thewhat clause does not anticipate the plural sense of the predicate in this way, a singular verb is generally used in the main clause as well,though the plural is sometimes found:What truly commands respect is (sometimes are ) a large navy and a resolute foreign policy. Second, thewhat clause is treated as plural when its predicate contains a plural noun phrase that unambiguously establishes the plurality of the clause as a whole, as inWhat traditional grammarians called "predicates" are called "verb phrases" by modern linguists. What the Romans established as military outposts were later to become important trading centers. In the absence of explicit plural marking of either of these types in a subjectwhat clause, the clause is usually treated as singular for the purposes of agreement, regardless of the sense:What she held in her lap was four kittens. What the apparent diamonds turned out to be was paste. In some cases, however, a clause withwhat as the subject may be treated as singular or plural, depending on a subtle distinction of sense. InWhat excite him most are money and power, the implication is that money and power are distinct elements; inWhat excites him most is money and power, the implication is that money and power are taken as constituting a single entity.See Usage Note at which 当what 作为从句中的主语时， 它既可被当作单数也可以为复数，这取决于词义。当被看作是that which 或 the thing which 时它就是单数， 如在I see what seems to be a dead tree（我看到个象棵死树的物体）” 这句话中； 当它被用作those which 或 the things which 的对应词时它是复数， 如在He sometimes makes what seem to be gestures of aloofness（他有时做一些似乎很超然的手势） 中。 当what 从句本身是句子的主语时， 它可被当作单数或复数，但决定这种选择的条件略为复杂些。总体上说，what 从句的含有对其数性明确指示时，它就可以将当作复数。 这有两种最主要的情况：首先，如果what 是从句的主语而该从句的谓语动词本身是复数，从句就是复数： What seem to be two dead trees are blocking the road.（象两棵死树的物体挡着路）； What mostsurprise me are the inflammatory remarks at the end of his article.（最令我吃惊的是他文章结尾处的煽动性言词） 。 如果what 从句的谓语动词并不预示谓语是复数， 主句中通常也用单数动词，尽管有时也可以发现有复数：What truly commands respect is（有时 are ) a large navy and a resolute foreign policy（真正博得尊敬的是强大的海军和坚定的外交政策） ； 其次what 从句在其谓语含有复数名词短语，并且其明显可建立整个从句的复数性时是被当作复数的， 如在What traditional grammarians called "predicates" are called "verb phrases" by modern linguists.（那些传统语法家所称为“谓语”的则被现代语言学家称作“动词短语”） What the Romans established as military outpostswere later to become important trading centers.（那些罗马人设为军事前哨基地的地方后来成为了重要的贸易中心）。 当what 从句主语缺乏这两类明确表示复数性的标记时， 从句通常为了一致性而不顾及词义地被当作单数：What she held in her lap was four kittens.（她抱在膝盖上的是四只小猫）。 What the apparent diamonds turned out to bewas paste.（那些看上去象真的钻石结果却是人造宝石） 。 然而，在一些情况下，以what 作主语的从句可被当单数或复数，取决于语义上微妙的差异。 在What excite him most are money and power（最让他兴奋的是金钱和权力）， 这句话中暗含着金钱和权力是不同的成分； 在What excites him most is money and power（最让他兴奋的是金钱和权力）， 这句话中暗含着金钱和权力是作为构成一个单一整体的成分 参见 which〔diamond〕An extremely hard, highly refractive crystalline form of carbon that is usually colorless and is used as a gemstone and in abrasives, cutting tools, and other applications.钻石：一种极其坚硬，高折射率的结晶形状的碳素，常常近于无色，被当作宝石并用于研磨、切割工具以及其它用途上〔Kimberley〕A city of central South Africa west-northwest of Bloemfontein. Founded in 1871 after the discovery of a rich trove of diamonds nearby, Kimberley also has some manufacturing industries. Population, 70,920.金伯利：南非中部布隆方登西北偏西的城市，在附近发现了丰富的钻石矿藏后于1871年建立。金伯利还拥有一些制造业工业。人口70,920〔Lennon〕British musician and composer who was a member of the Beatles. With Paul McCartney he wrote many of the group's songs, including "Yesterday" and "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds.”列农，约翰：(1940-1980) 英国音乐家和作曲家，是“披头士乐队”的成员。他与保罗·马卡尼一起创作了该乐队的许多歌曲，其中包括《昨日》和《露西在布满钻石的天空》〔set〕a tiara that was set with diamonds.用钻石装饰的妇女头饰〔sclerometer〕An instrument used to determine the relative hardness of a material by measuring the pressure required to penetrate the material with a standard diamond stylus.硬度计：用标准钻石刀来测定穿透物质所需压力来决定矿石相对硬度的一种工具〔diamante〕from diamant [diamond] * see diamond 源自 diamant [钻石] * 参见 diamond〔facet〕One of the flat polished surfaces cut on a gemstone or occurring naturally on a crystal.刻面：经过琢磨的钻石或自然出现在水晶上的小平面〔diamond〕To adorn with or as if with diamonds.用钻石装饰：用钻石装饰或好象用钻石装饰〔rough〕rough diamonds.未经加工的钻石〔irretrievable〕When the diamond fell into the lake, it was virtually irretrievable.当钻石掉进湖中后，实际已无法取回来了〔kimberlite〕A rock formation in South Africa containing peridotite, in which diamonds are formed.金伯利岩：南非的一种包含橄榄岩的岩层，岩层中形成了钻石〔Oahu〕An island of central Hawaii between Molokai and Kauai. It is the chief island of the state, with major tourist areas, including Waikiki Beach and Diamond Head, and a U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor.瓦胡岛：美国夏威夷中部岛屿，在莫洛凯岛和考爱岛之间。是该州主岛，有主要旅游区，它包括威基基海滩，钻石山口和位于珍珠港的美国海军基地〔flaunt〕She flaunted her diamonds. 她炫耀着她的钻石。 |
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