| 单词 | 长久 |
| 释义 | 〔desert〕A region of permanent cold that is largely or entirely devoid of life.冰原：长久寒冷，几乎没有生命的区域〔capture〕To succeed in preserving in lasting form:成功地长久保存：〔bang〕To work diligently and often at length:努力地通常是长久地工作：〔gaze〕A steady, fixed look.凝视，注视：长久，固定地看〔yowl〕To utter a long, loud, mournful cry; wail.嚎叫：发出长久、大声、悲伤的叫声；哭泣〔habitual〕Established by long use; usual:惯常的：由长久使用而确立的；通常的：〔contemplate〕To consider carefully and at length; meditate on or ponder:思忖：仔细、长久地考虑；思忖或思考：〔gaze〕To look steadily, intently, and with fixed attention.凝视，注视：长久地、集中地看，集中注意力地看〔transient〕 Transitory more often means inherently short-lived or impermanent: Transitory 更多地指生来短命或不长久： 〔victory〕"Victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory however long and hard the road may be;for without victory there is no survival" (Winston S. Churchill). “不论需要多少代价，不论有多少恐惧，不论有多么长久和道路多么艰难，我们都需要取胜；因为如果没有胜利就不会有生存” （温斯顿S·丘吉尔）。〔deceive〕"My manhood, long misled by wandering fires,/Followed false lights" (John Dryden).“游移的火焰长久地误导，我的成年时期跟随着虚妄的光” （约翰·德莱顿）。〔gaze〕These verbs mean to look long and intently.这些词的意思是长久而又注意地看着。〔eyestrain〕Pain and fatigue of the eyes, often accompanied by headache, resulting from prolonged use of the eyes, uncorrected defects of vision, or an imbalance of the eye muscles.眼下疲劳：眼睛的疼痛和疲乏，常伴有头痛，长久使用眼睛所致，或因未矫正的视力缺陷或眼肌的不平衡〔ancient〕Having the qualities associated with age, wisdom, or long use; venerable.年高德劭的：具有与年纪，智谋或长久使用相关的品质的；值得尊敬的〔tireless〕The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "having or showing a capacity for prolonged and laborious effort": 这些形容词共有的中心意思是“有或显示出进行长久或辛苦的劳动的能力的”： 〔scar〕To leave lasting signs of damage on:使留下长久性伤害的痕迹：〔sack〕The wordsack may seem an odd candidate for preserving a few thousand years of history, but this word for an ordinary thing probably goes back to Middle Eastern antiquity.Sack owes its long history to the fact that it and its ancestors denoted an object that was used in trade between peoples. Thus the Greeks got their wordsakkos, "a bag made out of coarse cloth or hair,” from the Phoenicians with whom they traded. We do not know the Phoenician word,but we know words that are akin to it,such as Hebrewsaq and Akkadian saqqu. The Greeks then passed the sack, as it were, to the Latin-speaking Romans, who transmitted their wordsaccus, "a large bag or sack,” to the Germanic tribes with whom they traded, who gave it the form .sakkiz (other peoples as well have taken this word from Greek or Latin, including speakers of Welsh, Russian, Polish, and Albanian).The speakers of Old English, a Germanic language, used two forms of the word,sæc, from .sakkiz, and sacc, directly from Latin; the second Old English form is the ancestor of oursack. sack 这个词具有几百年的历史看起来可能很奇怪， 但这个词用来指一件普通的物品大概可追溯到古代中东。Sack 的长久历史归功于它和它的前身，即指用于人们之间贸易的一个物品。 因此希腊人从与他们做买卖的腓尼基人处得到sakkos 这个词，指“用粗布或毛发制成的袋子”。 我们不懂腓尼基语指什么，但知道一些与它相关的词，如希伯莱语中的Saq 和阿卡德语中的 Saqqu。 希腊人于是又把这个词传到说拉丁语的罗马人中，罗马人把他们的词saccus （“大袋子，大麻袋”）传给与他们做贸易的日耳曼人部落，他们用 Sakkiz 这种形式 （其他民族也从希腊语或拉丁语中得到这个词，其中包括说威尔士语、俄语、波兰语和阿尔巴尼亚语的人们）。讲古英语（一种日耳曼语言）的人用这个词的两种形式：源自sakkiz 的 sæc 和源自拉丁语的 sacc ； 这第二种古英语的形式是我们现在的sack 的前身 〔discourse〕To speak or write formally and at length.See Synonyms at speak 演说：正式而长久地讲述或书写 参见 speak〔standing〕Permanent and unchanging; fixed.长久和不变的；固定的〔disgrace〕"Between the possibility of being hanged in all innocence, and the certainty of a public and merited disgrace, no gentleman of spirit could long hesitate" (Robert Louis Stevenson).“在有可能被无辜绞死和一定要公开并丢脸之间，有灵魂的先生们决不会长久地犹豫不决” （罗伯特·路易斯·斯蒂文森）。〔grovel〕"Have we not groveled here long enough, eating and drinking like mere brutes?”(Walt Whitman)“难道我们现在放纵得还不够长久，仅仅象畜生一样地吃喝？”(沃尔特·惠特曼)〔since〕a name long since forgotten.一个以前长久为人所遗忘的名字〔faithless〕"To thine own self be true,/And it must follow, as the night the day,/Thou canst not then be false to any man" (Shakespeare).One who isdisloyal is false to persons or things that are due allegiance: “对你自己忠实，/并长久坚持，/你将不会对别人虚情假意” （莎士比亚）。Disloyal 的人对人或事业缺乏忠心和忠诚： 〔he〕Beginning early in the 20th century, however,the traditional usage has come under increasing criticismfor reflecting and perpetuating gender discrimination. ·Defenders of the traditional usage have argued that the masculine pronounshe, his, and him can be used generically to refer to men and women. This analysis of the generic use ofhe is linguistically doubtful.Ifhe were truly a gender-neutral form, we would expect that it could be used to refer to the members of any group containing both men and women.But in fact the English masculine form is an odd choice when it refers to a female member of such a group.There is something plainly disconcerting about sentences such as 可是从20世纪早期起，传统用法不断受到指责，因为它反映并长久维持性别歧视。传统用法辩护者认为阳性代词he，his 和 him 可以用来指代男人和女人的总称。 有关he 的属性用法的分析， 从语言学角度上来说，是有疑问的。如果he 果真是一个中性形式， 我们猜想它可以用来指代任何包含有男人和女人的群体中的成员。但事实上，在英语中用阳性形式来指代上述一群体中的女性成员构成一种很奇特的选择。如下面这个句子中明显存在使人困窘之处： 〔patience〕 Long-suffering is long and patient endurance, as of wrong or provocation: Long-suffering 指长久而有耐力地忍受如冤屈或挑衅等： 〔hopefully〕"Marriage is a coming together for better or for worse, hopefully enduring"(William O. Douglas)“婚姻是一种为了更好或为了更坏的结合，但愿它能够长久”(威廉·欧道格拉斯)〔permanent〕A long-lasting hair wave produced by applying a chemical lotion to the hair while wet, winding the hair on rollers, and drying it with heat. Also called permanent wave 烫过的头发：用化学物质涂在湿头发上并将头发绕在卷轴上，然后加热烘干而成的长久保持的卷发 也作 permanent wave〔yowl〕A long, loud, mournful cry; a wail.哀号：长久、大声、悲伤的哭声；号哭 |
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