| 单词 | 长官 |
| 释义 | 〔ealdorman〕The chief magistrate of a district in Anglo-Saxon England.郡长：盎格鲁·撒克逊时代的地区长官〔burgomaster〕meester [master] meester [长官，主人] 〔superior〕One who surpasses another in rank or quality.长官：等级或品质超过他人的人〔predecessor〕Latin dēcessor [a retiring magistrate] from dēcessus [past participle of] dēcēdere [to depart] dē- [away] * see de- cēdere [to go] * see ked- 拉丁语 dēcessor [退休的行政司法长官] 源自 dēcessus dēcēdere的过去分词 [离开] dē- [离开] * 参见 de- cēdere [走] * 参见 ked- 〔margrave〕The lord or military governor of a medieval German border province.总督：中世纪德国边境省份的长官或军事统治者〔prefect〕A high administrative official or chief officer, as:长官：高级行政官员或首要军官，如：〔reeve〕A high officer of local administration appointed by the Anglo-Saxon kings.地方长官：由英国国王任命的高级地方行政长官〔Yangzhou〕A city of east-central China on the Grand Canal. It was a capital of China in the sixth centurya.d. and an important literary and cultural center. Marco Polo was governor of the city from 1282 to 1285. Population, 255,000. 扬州：中国东部一城市，位于大运河上。公元 6世纪时，它是中国的首都和重要的文学和文化中心，从1282年到1285年，马可·波罗为该市的长官。人口255,000 〔bey〕A provincial governor in the Ottoman Empire.贝伊：奥托曼帝国的地方长官〔tetrarch〕Middle English tetrarche [a Roman tetrarch] 中古英语 tetrarche [罗马地区长官] 〔salute〕The position of the hand or rifle or the bodily posture of a person saluting a military superior.举手礼，举枪礼：把手或枪放在一定位置，或一个人向军事长官致敬的身体动作〔sequestrate〕"The sheriffs . . . will be able to seize stock and other assets, and to sequestrate bank accounts belonging to defaulters"(Daily Telegraph)“行政司法长官…将没收资本和其它资产，没收属于拖欠者的银行帐户”(每日电传)〔podesta〕The chief magistrate in any of the republics of medieval Italy.波德斯塔：中世纪意大利的任何一个共和国的最高长官〔Cass〕American soldier, politician, and diplomat who held several governmental positions, including U.S. secretary of war (1831-1836) during the Black Hawk and Seminole wars.卡斯，刘易斯：(1782-1866) 美国军人、政客和外交官，曾担任过几任政府职务，包括在黑鹰和森密诺尔战争中任美国作战长官（1831-1836年）〔hakim〕A Moslem ruler, provincial governor, or judge.穆斯林的统治者，地方长官，或法官〔presidency〕The office, function, or term of a president.院长（校长，总裁或政府机关长官等的）职务，职权或任期〔return〕The bringing or sending back of a writ, subpoena, or other document, generally with a short written report on it, by a sheriff or other officer to the court from which it was issued.报告书：令状汇报书、传票或其它文件的带回或送回，一般其上附有一个简短的报告，由行政司法长官或其它官员带到颁发它们的法庭〔per〕prince , principal , principle , from Latin compound prīnceps , "he who takes first place,” leader, chief, emperor ( -ceps , “-taker"; see kap- ); prince , principal , principle , 源自 拉丁语 复合词 prīnceps , “占据第一位置的人,” 领导, 长官, 皇帝 ( -ceps , “拿…者”; 参见 kap-); 〔sheriff〕gerēfa [reeve] gerēfa [地方长官] 〔tycoon〕Business tycoons may consider themselves captains or even princes of industry,but by virtue of being calledtycoons, they have already achieved princely status,at least from an etymological point of view.Tycoon came into English from Japanese, which had borrowed the title, meaning "great prince,” from Chinese.Use of the word was intended to make the shogun,the commander in chief of the Japanese army, more impressive to foreigners (his official titleshōgun merely meant "general"). In fact, the shogun actually ruled Japan,although he was supposedly acting for the emperor.When Matthew C. Perry opened Japan to the West in 1854,he negotiated with the shogun, thinking him to be the emperor.The shogun's title,taikun, was brought back to the United States after Perry's visit.Abraham Lincoln's cabinet members usedtycoon as an affectionate nickname for the President. The word soon came to be used for business and industry leaders—perhaps at times for those who had as much right to such an impressive title as did the shogun.The word itself now has an old-fashioned sound,but when we encounter it,we should think back to the days of Commodore Perry and President Lincoln,both of whom were real tycoons in their own ways.商界大亨可能把他们自己当成是工业界的长官或甚至王子，但是因为被叫做tycoon ， 他们早已达到了王子般的地位，至少从词源学的观点来说是这样。Tycoon 由日语进入英语， 而日语的这个头衔是从汉语借来的，意思是“大王”。使用这个词是为了使幕府将军，日本军队的总指挥官给外国人以深刻的印象（他的官方头衔shogun 的意思仅仅是“将军”）。 实际上，是幕府将军统治着日本，尽管他被认为是为天皇办事。当马修·C·佩里1854年使日本向西方开放时，他和幕府将军进行了谈判，以为他就是日本天皇。幕府将军的头衔taikun ， 在佩里访问美国后带到了美国。亚伯拉罕·林肯的内阁成员把tycoon 用作总统的充满感情的绰号。 这个词很快也被用于商界和工界的领导人，也许有时这些人象幕府将军那样有权以致给人深刻的印象。这个词本身听起来有点老派，但是当我们遇到它时，我们应该回想起佩里海军准将和林肯总统的时代，他们两人以各自的方式成为真正的巨头〔Cadillac〕French explorer and colonial administrator who founded Detroit (1701) and was governor of Louisiana (1711-1716).卡迪亚克，安托万·德拉·莫特：(1658-1730) 法国探险家和殖民地长官，于1701年建立了底特律，1711年至1716年任路易斯安那总督〔bonus〕The sheriff announced a bounty of 15 dollars for the pelt of every coyote killed.那位长官宣布每张杀死的狼皮付15美元的赏金。〔liege〕A lord or sovereign to whom allegiance and service are due according to feudal law.君主，领主：根据封建法律，应对之效忠和服役的长官或君主〔ephor〕One of a body of five elected magistrates exercising a supervisory power over the kings of Sparta.五长官之一：古代斯巴达每年由民选产生对国王有监督权的五位长官之一〔Davis〕American cavalry officer who was the first Black general in the U.S. Army (1940-1948). His sonBenjamin Oliver Davis, Jr. (born 1912), was the first Black general in the U.S. Air Force (1954-1970). 戴维斯，本杰明·奥利弗：(1877-1970) 美国骑兵长官，是美国军队的第一个黑人将军(1940-1948年），他的儿子小本杰明·奥利弗戴维斯 （出生于1912年）是美国空军(1954-1970年）的第一位黑人将军 〔Johnston〕American writer whose works include the popularLittle Colonel series (1896-1907). 约翰斯顿，安妮·费洛斯：(1863-1931) 美国作家，其作品包括畅销的《小长官》 系列(1896-1907年） 〔Almeida〕Portuguese colonial administrator who was the first viceroy of the Portuguese possessions in India (1505-1509).阿尔梅达，弗朗西斯科·德：(1450?-1510) 葡萄牙殖民长官，首任葡属印度总督（1505-1509年）〔archon〕One of the nine principal magistrates of ancient Athens.（古雅典的）执政官：古代雅典的九名主要长官之一〔Eccles〕American economist and public official who served as governor of the Federal Reserve Board (1934-1936) and as chairman of the board of governors of the Federal Reserve System (1936-1948).埃克尔斯，马里纳·斯托达德：(1890-1977) 美国经济学家和公务长官，1934-1936年间担任联邦储备处总监，1936-1948担任联邦储备系统理事会主席〔tuchun〕A Chinese provincial military governor.督军：中国地方军事长官〔texas〕A structure on a river steamboat containing the pilothouse and the officers' quarters.高级房舱：船上包括水手和长官住处的结构〔marshal〕A U.S. federal officer of a judicial district who carries out court orders and discharges duties similar to those of a sheriff.联邦司法区执政官：美国司法区的联邦官员，负责实施法庭命令和征收税金，类似行政司法长官〔Dudley〕English colonial administrator in America who served as governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (1634, 1640, 1645, and 1650) and as one of Harvard College's first overseers. His sonJoseph (1647-1720) was also governor of Massachusetts (1702-1715). 达德利，托马斯：(1576-1653) 英国驻美国的殖民长官，曾任马萨诸塞湾殖民地总督(1634年,1640年,1645年,1650年），哈佛学院的创办发起人之一，其子约瑟夫 (1647年-1720年）亦为马萨诸塞总督(1702年-1715年） 〔Mister〕Used as the official term of address for certain U.S. military personnel, such as warrant officers.长官：某美国军事人员的官方称呼，如海军二级准尉们〔ethnarch〕The ruler of a province or a people.总督，地方长官：一个省或一个民族的长官〔yeoman〕An assistant or other subordinate, as of a sheriff.助理：助手或其它下属，如行政司法长官的助手〔lawman〕A law officer, such as a sheriff or marshal.执法吏：法律官员，如美国的县行政司法长官或警长〔Wolf〕Austrian composer known for his musical settings of the poetry of Goethe and Italian and Spanish writers and for the operaDer Corregidor (1895). 沃尔夫，雨果：(1860-1903) 奥地利作曲家，以其为歌德和意大利、西班牙作家的诗，及歌剧《长官》 （1895年）配乐而著名 |
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