| 单词 | 长时间 |
| 释义 | 〔bloviate〕To discourse at length in a pompous or boastful manner:自我膨胀的演说：自命不凡或自吹自擂地长时间演讲：〔periodic〕Periodic has long been used loosely to mean "occasional, intermittent,” but this usage may be confusing for readers who are accustomed to using the word only in its narrower sense of "at regular or predictable intervals.”Thus the writer who saidParker's losses at the track were not covered by his periodic winners invited the (most likely unintended) inference that Parker had a system that enabled him to pick winners at regular intervals. Substitution ofoccasional in this context would have resolved the ambiguity. Periodic 长时间以来不严谨地用于指“时常的，偶而的”， 但这个用法常常使那些习惯于将这个词用于“在有规律或可预测的间歇内”这个狭窄词义的读者迷惑。因此写帕克在赛跑中的失败不如他的胜利多 这句话的作者（主要是无意中）造成帕克有在定期赢得比赛的方法的推论。 在上下文中用occasional 代替应该能解决这种模棱两可的问题 〔slog〕a student's weary slog through Cicero; a slog through miles of jungle.学生勉强地学习西塞罗学说；长时间疲惫地穿过数里远的丛林〔wherever〕Where ever have you been so long?See Usage Note at whatever 你究竟在哪儿待了这么长时间? 参见 whatever〔Khartoum〕The capital and largest city of Sudan, in the east-central part of the country at the confluence of the Blue Nile and the White Nile. It was founded c. 1821 as an Egyptian army camp and was destroyed by Mahdists in 1885 after a long siege. Lord Kitchener retook the city in 1898 and oversaw its rebuilding. Population, 476,218.喀土木：苏丹首都和最大城市，位于青尼罗河与白尼罗河交汇的苏丹的中东部。公元1821年作为埃及军营建立，1855年经过长时间围困被马赫迪的军队破坏。基钦纳勋爵1898年重新夺回它并指导重建此城。人口476,218〔condition〕had to condition herself to long hours of hard work; conditioned the troops to marches at high altitudes.必须习惯长时间辛苦的工作；使部队能适应在高海拔地区行进〔dystonia〕Abnormal tonicity of muscle, characterized by prolonged, repetitive muscle contractions that may cause twisting or jerking movements of the body or a body part.肌张力不全，肌张力异常：肌肉张力异常，特征为长时间不断重复的肌肉收缩及并发的身体或肢体的抽筋与痉挛〔see〕"Her long reign saw the heyday of verbal humor"(Richard Kain)"The 1930s saw the development of sulfa drugs and penicillin"(Gregg Easterbrook)“她长时间统治期间为口语幽默的全盛期”(理查德·凯恩)"20世纪30年代是磺胺剂和盘尼西林研制开发完成的阶段”(格雷格·伊斯特布鲁克)〔hunger〕The discomfort, weakness, or pain caused by a prolonged lack of food.饥饿：由于长时间未进食造成的不适、虚弱或疼痛〔cow〕For a long time; indefinitely:长时间地；无限期地：〔perpetual〕Instituted to be in effect or have tenure for an unlimited duration:永久有效的：在无限长时间内有效或有使用权的：〔marathon〕An event or activity that requires prolonged effort or endurance.需要长时间努力或耐力的事件或活动〔flauta〕A tortilla rolled around a filling such as beef, chicken, or cheese into a flutelike shape and sometimes deep-fried.玉米饼卷：一种把未经发酵的玉米饼卷在牛肉、鸡肉或干酪等填充物外面做成长笛形的食品，有时需长时间煎烤〔little〕works long hours, sleeping little.长时间工作，睡眠很少〔wearability〕The ability of a garment to withstand prolonged wear.耐磨性：衣物经受长时间穿着的性能〔slog〕To work diligently for long hours:苦干：长时间地勤奋地工作：〔Augean〕Exceedingly filthy from long neglect.极脏的：因长时间忽视而极其肮脏的〔cry〕To weep inconsolably for a long time.痛哭流涕：长时间地伤心欲绝地哭泣〔sederunt〕A prolonged session, as for discussion.长时间聚会：长时间的会议，如讨论〔aeroneurosis〕Nervous exhaustion from prolonged piloting of aircraft.飞行员神经机能病：长时间飞机飞行所导致的神经疲惫〔sclerotium〕A dense mass of branched hyphae, as in certain fungi, that contain stored food and are capable of remaining dormant for long periods.菌核：如在真菌中的分枝菌丝的稠密群，能储存食物及长时间保持休眠状态〔showstopper〕A performance or performer that evokes so much applause from the audience that the show is temporarily interrupted.被长时间热烈掌声打断的人（或物）：从观众那里赢得太多掌声以至于演出暂时中断的表演或表演者〔tolerance〕The capacity to absorb a drug continuously or in large doses without adverse effect; diminution in the response to a drug after prolonged use.耐药量：连续或大量吞服药物后不发生任何副作用的能力；长时间服药后对药品反应的减弱〔berate〕To rebuke or scold angrily and at length.See Synonyms at scold 愤怒并长时间地批评或指责 参见 scold〔couple〕Although the phrasea couple of has been well established in English since before the Renaissance, it has been criticized on several grounds.Grammarians used to insist thata couple of should be used only to refer to things closely linked to one another and so was improperly used in phrases such asa couple of years ago. This objection has not been heard in some time and was never well supported.Modern critics have sometimes maintained thata couple of is too inexact to be appropriate in formal writing. But the inexactitude ofa couple of may serve a useful communicative purpose, suggesting that the writer is indifferent to the precise number of items involved.Thus the sentenceShe lives only a couple of miles away implies not only that the distance is short but that its exact measure is unimportant. Furthermore,a couple of is different from a few in that it does not imply that the relevant amount is relatively small. One might say admiringly of an exceptional center fielder thathe can throw the ball a couple of hundred feet, but not, except ironically,a few hundred feet, which would suggest that such a throw was unremarkable. The usage should be considered unobjectionable on all levels of style.尽管a couple of 这个短语在文艺复兴之前就已在英语中形成， 它仍受到多方面批评。语法学家过去坚持认为a couple of 应该只用于指互相之间紧密相连的东西， 所以在a couple of years ago 这样的短语中用是不适当的。 这样的反对意见长时间没有人提起了，也从未受到太多支持。现代批评家有时也认为a couple of 太不精确，不能很恰当地用于正式的写作中。 但a couple of 的不精确性也有一种很有用的传达交流的意图， 表明作者对于所涉及的事物的精确数目并不太关心。因此她住的只有几英里远 这个句子不仅表明距离很远，同时也表明精确测量是不重要的。 另外a couple of 与 a few 的不同还表现在它不表示有关的数量是相对来说小的。 如果夸赞一个优秀的中外野球手，可以说他能把球抛几百英尺远 ， 若非如此的话，排除反意的可能，a few hundred feet 指抛这么远并没什么稀奇之处。 这种用法在各种文体上都是无可辩驳的〔sweat〕To work long and hard.做苦工：长时间辛勤工作〔Deepfreeze〕A trademark used for a refrigerator designed to freeze food for long periods.迪普弗里兹：一种冷冻箱的商标名。这种冷冻箱是用来长时间冷冻食物的〔wisdom〕The sum of scholarly learning through the ages; knowledge:知识，学问：通过长时间学习获得的学识的总和，知识：〔redundancy〕The usages that critics have condemned as redundancies fall into several classes.In some cases,such asconsensus of opinion, close proximity, hollow tube, and refer back, the use of what is regarded as an unnecessary modifier or qualifier can sometimes be justified on the grounds that it in fact makes a semantic contribution.Thus ahollow tube can be distinguished from one that has been blocked up with deposits, and aconsensus of opinion can be distinguished from a consensus of judgments or practice. In other cases the use of the qualifier is harder to defend.Thus there is no way torevert without reverting back and noconsensus that is not general. · Sometimes recognition of redundancy may require familiarity with a foreign language.The expressionsSierra Mountains and Rio Grande River are indeed redundant for those who know Spanish, but the use of the wordsmountains and river may still serve some purpose when one is addressing an English-speaking audience. Occasionally, what originates as a redundant element may, through long use,become part of the established name of a thing.Thus a reference to the site of a famous World War II battle as "the El Alamein"incorporates three versions of the definite article, in English, Spanish, and Arabic.See Usage Note at close ,consensus ,cross section ,mental telepathy ,rarely ,refer 被评论家指责为冗长和重复的使用方法可分为几类。在某些情况下，如consensus of opinion,、close proximity、 hollow tube 和 refer back ， 这种不必要修饰或限定语的使用有时也不能完全否定，因为它们从语义上说还是有意义的。因此，一个空管子 可以与被装填物堵满的管子相区别， 观点的一致 可以与判断力或惯例的一致相区别。 在其它情况下类似修饰语的使用就不那么容易自圆其说了。因此，没有 reverting back 就没有办法 revert ， 没有 consensus 不是 general。 · 有时辨认出冗余需要对外语很熟悉。对于懂西班牙语的人来说 Sierra Mountains 和 Rio Grande River 这类说法是重复的， 但当对说英语的人讲话时，使用 mountains 和 river 还是有用的。 有时，一个刚产生时是多余的成份经过长时间使用后，可成为一个物体固定的一部分。因此当提到二战时叫做“阿拉曼战役”的著名战役时，在英语、西班牙语和阿拉伯语中的定冠词的三种形式取得了一致 参见 close,consensus,cross section,mental telepathy,rarely,refer〔accustom〕I have accustomed myself to working long hours.我已习惯于长时间工作〔elucubrate〕To produce (a written work) by working long and diligently.呕心沥血地去做：长时间勤勉的去完成(写作)〔wear〕To make or become unusable through long or heavy use.用坏：由于长时间或重复使用使或成为无用〔forever〕A seemingly very long time:长时间：表面上很长的时间：〔Barcelona〕A city of northeast Spain on the Mediterranean Sea. Founded by the Carthaginians, it prospered under the Romans and Visigoths, fell to the Moors in 713, and was taken by Charlemagne's Frankish troops in 801. It has long been a center of Catalan separatism and of anarchic, socialist, and syndicalist movements. Population, 1,770,296.巴塞罗那：西班牙东北部临地中海的一个城市，由迦太基人建立，罗马人和西哥特人统治时一度繁荣，于713年落于摩尔人手中，801年又被查理曼尼的法兰克军队接管。曾长时间成为加泰罗尼亚分离主义和无政府主义，社会主义、工联主义运动的中心。人口1,770,296〔watchable〕"The fastest modem delivers jerky real-time video that is watchable but not for long periods of time"(David Colker)“最快调制解调器…传送的急动实时影像值得一看，但不能长时间传送”(戴维·考科)〔pneumoconiosis〕A disease of the lungs, such as asbestosis or silicosis, caused by long-continued inhalation of dusts, especially mineral or metallic dusts.肺法埃沉着病；尘肺：一种肺部疾病，如石棉沉着症或石末沉着症，由于长时间不断地吸入灰尘，尤其是矿物质或金属尘粒而导致的〔windburn〕A reddened irritation of the skin caused by long exposure to the wind.风吹性皮肤症：由于长时间暴露在风中而引起的一种皮肤发红的炎症〔brood〕The central meaning shared by these verbs is "to turn over in the mind moodily and at length": 这些动词共有的中心意思是“闷闷不乐地在脑海里长时间冥思苦想”： 〔anabiosis〕A state of suspended animation, especially one in which certain aquatic invertebrates are able to survive long periods of drought.失水休眠：一种休眠状态，特别指某些水生非脊椎动物能够经受长时间干旱的状态〔cue〕An extract from the music for another part printed, usually in smaller notes, within a performer's part as a signal to enter after a long rest.提示小节：在乐谱中为另一声部作准备的选段，通常用较小的字体印刷，在演奏部分之内，作为在长时间休息后另一声部进入的信号 |
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