| 单词 | 闲暇 |
| 释义 | 〔cocooning〕Retreat into the privacy of one's own home during leisure time as a means of insulating oneself from what is perceived to be a harsh, unpredictable world:作茧包藏：在闲暇时退到自己家中隐居，作为使自己与觉察到的严厉的、无法预料的世界隔离的手段：〔holiday〕A day free from work that one may spend at leisure; a day off.假日：人们可不工作而享受闲暇的日子；休假〔retire〕Despite the upbeat books written about retiringand the fact that it is a well-earned time of relaxation from the daily rigors of work,many people do not find it a particularly pleasant prospect.Perhaps the etymology ofretire may hint at why. The ultimate source of our word is the Old French wordretirer, made up of the prefixre-, meaning in this case "back,” and the verb tirer, "to draw,” together meaning "to take back or withdraw.” The first use of the English wordretire is recorded in 1533 in reference to a military force that withdraws.It is not until 1667 that we find the word used to mean "to withdraw from a position for more leisure.”In regard to the sting in all thiswe need to look at the source oftirer, "to draw, draw out, endure,”which ultimately may be from Old Frenchmartir, "a martyr,” probably reflecting the fact that martyrs had to endure the torture of being stretched up to and beyond the point of dislocating their bones.尽管有关于退休的乐观书籍，以及退休是从日常工作的严酷中解放出来的极好时光的事实，许多人并没有发现它特别令人愉悦的地方。也许retire 的语源学暗示了原因。 这个词最早的来源是古法语单词retirer ， 由在此意指“向后”的前缀re- 及意为“拉”的动词 tiver 合在一起组成，意为“撤回或退回”。 英语单词retire 的使用则最早记录于1553年， 指撤退的军队。直到1667年我们才发现该词用于表达“为得到更多的闲暇而退出职位。”考虑到所有这些词的负面含义，我们有必要看看tirer 的词源， 其意为“拉，拉出，容忍，”它可能最初源于意为“殉道者”的古法语martir ， 这可能反映了一个事实，即殉者不得不忍受四肢被拉直至骨肉脱离的酷刑〔leisure〕Freedom from time-consuming duties, responsibilities, or activities.See Synonyms at rest 1空闲时间，闲暇：从花费大量时间的责任、任务或活动中解脱 参见 rest1〔belligerent〕"On the days they worked they were good-natured and cheerful, and . . . they spent the evening jollily; but on our idle days they were mutinous and quarrelsome" (Benjamin Franklin).“工作的日子他们脾气又好，又愉快，并且…快乐地度过夜晚；但当闲暇时，他们捣乱造反，喜好争吵” （本杰明·弗兰克林） |
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