| 单词 | 阴谋 |
| 释义 | 〔subvert〕"schemes to subvert the liberties of a great community"(Alexander Hamilton)“一个意欲摧毁大共同体的自由的阴谋”(亚历山大·汉密尔顿)〔plot〕To form a plot for; prearrange secretly or deviously:密谋，策划：为…制定一个阴谋；秘密地或阴险地预先准备：〔plot〕A secret plan to accomplish a hostile or illegal purpose; a scheme.See Synonyms at conspiracy 阴谋，计划：为达到一个有敌对性或非法的目的而制定的秘密计划；方案 参见 conspiracy〔climax〕The turning point in a plot or dramatic action.转折点：阴谋或戏剧化动作的转折点〔conspiratorial〕Of, relating to, or characteristic of conspirators or a conspiracy:阴谋家的：阴谋家或阴谋的、与之有关的或以此为特征的：〔agitprop〕"It also is a conspiracy movie, agitprop against today's targets, big government and big business"(George F. Will)“这部电影是一个阴谋，宣传反对现今的目标、庞大的政府和大型企业”(乔治.F.威尔)〔Oates〕English conspirator. His story of a Jesuit plot to assassinate Charles II (1678) resulted in the execution of many innocent Catholics.欧茨，提图斯：(1649-1705) 英国阴谋家。1678年他捏造耶稣会会员阴谋暗杀查理二世，使许多无辜天主教徒被处死刑〔Babeuf〕French communist and revolutionary who was guillotined after his plot to overthrow the government was exposed.巴贝夫，弗朗索瓦·诺尔：(1760-1797) 法国共产党和革命家，当他推翻政府的阴谋暴露之后被送上了断头台〔Dudley〕English courtier, politician, and favorite of Elizabeth I. Pardoned for his involvement in the plot to secure the throne for Lady Jane Grey (1553), he sought the hand of Elizabeth, who refused him, partly because his wife, Amy Robsart, had died (1560) under suspicious circumstances.达德利，罗伯特：(1532?-1588) 英国宫廷侍臣、政治家。他是伊丽莎白一世的宠臣，1553年涉嫌参与简·格雷夫人夺取王位的阴谋，但被赦免，随后他向伊丽莎白求婚并遭到拒绝，部分原因是他的妻子爱米·伯沙特死得可疑（1560年）〔stall〕A ruse or tactic used to mislead or delay.支吾，拖延：使误导或耽误的阴谋或计谋〔assassin〕One who murders by surprise attack, especially one who carries out a plot to kill a prominent person.刺客：以突然袭击方式杀人者，尤指为为实现阴谋而刺杀名人〔confederacy〕A group of people who have united for unlawful practices; a conspiracy.私党：为进行非法活动而结成的组织；阴谋〔overthrow〕a plot to overthrow the government.推翻政府的阴谋〔conspiracist〕One holding a conspiracy theory.阴谋家：坚持阴谋理论的人〔design〕Often designs A secretive plot or scheme: 常作 designs 阴谋：秘密的计划或方案：〔practice〕The act of tricking or scheming, especially with malicious intent.阴谋：欺诈或图谋的行为，尤指带有恶意〔Conway〕Irish-born American Revolutionary general known for his role in the Conway Cabal, a conspiracy to remove George Washington from command of the Continental Army.康威，托马斯：(1735?-1800) 爱尔兰裔的美国独立革命将领，因参与策划剥夺乔治·华盛顿对大陆军统帅权的康威阴谋而著名〔frustrate〕The conspirators will be foiled in their intrigue.阴谋家的阴谋将被挫败。〔cabal〕The history ofcabal reveals how a word can be transferred from one sphere of activity to another while retaining only a tenuous connection with its past. Ultimately from Hebrewbut transmitted to English probably by way of Medieval Latin and French,cabal is first recorded in English in 1616 in the sense "cabala.” Cabala was the name for the Hebrew oral tradition transmitted by Moses and also the name for a Jewish religious philosophy based on an esoteric interpretation of the Hebrew Scriptures.The notion "esoteric" is central to the development of this word in English,forcabal, probably following the sense development in French, came to mean "a tradition, special interpretation, or secret,” "a private intrigue" (first recorded in 1646-1647),and "a small body of intriguers" (first recorded in 1660).It is probably not coincidental thatcabal is found with these latter meanings during the mid-17th century, that time of plots and counterplots by Royalists and Parliamentarians.The word gained a false etymology when it was noticed that the five most influential ministers of Charles II were named Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale.单词cable 的历史表现出一个单词在与其过去的含义仅保持微弱联系的情况下，如何能够从一个使用范围转向另一个范围。 最起始是源于希伯来语，但可能是通过中世纪的拉丁语和法语转化为英语，cabal 以“秘教”的含义在英语中最早载于1616年。 Cabala 是对摩西所传的希伯来口头传说的称谓， 也是对基于希伯来圣经神秘解说的犹太宗教哲学的称谓。“深奥的”这个概念对于这个英文单词的发展是很重要的，因为cabal 可能是沿用法语里发展起来的含义， 意为“传统，特殊的理解或秘密的，“个人阴谋”（最早记载于1646至1647年），以及“较小的阴谋者的联合体”（最早记载于1660年）。它可能与cabal 的17世纪中叶的后来含义并不一致， 在这一时期内充斥着保皇党人和议员们的阴谋和对策。由于注意到查理二世时期五位最有影响的大臣姓名分别为克利福德，阿灵顿，白金汉，阿什利和劳德戴尔（其姓名首字母合起来为CABAL），该词由此得来一错误的语源说明〔brew〕brew a plot to overthrow the government.策划一个推翻政府的阴谋〔contrive〕contrived a plot to seize power.策划篡权的阴谋〔Wilkinson〕American Revolutionary general who was implicated in a plot to cede the Kentucky region to Spain but was eventually acquitted of all charges.威尔金森，詹姆斯：(1757-1825) 美国独立战争时的将军，曾涉嫌于把肯塔基地区割让给西班牙的阴谋中，但最后被宣布无罪〔Haman〕In the Old Testament, a Persian minister who was hanged for plotting the destruction of the Jews.哈曼：旧约圣经中所记载的一位波斯宰相，因为施阴谋欲杀尽犹太人而被吊死〔scam〕A fraudulent business scheme; a swindle.骗局：欺骗性的商业阴谋；诓骗〔politics〕(used with a sing. or pl. verb)Intrigue or maneuvering within a political unit or a group in order to gain control or power:（与单数或复数动词连用）政治阴谋；政治手段：政治单位或团体内部为获取统治地位或权力所进行的阴谋或操纵：〔front〕To provide an apparently respectable cover for secret or illegal activities:袒护，掩饰：给阴谋或不法活动以明显不少的庇护：〔cobweb〕caught in a cobweb of espionage and intrigue.陷于间谍组织和阴谋的陷阱中〔implicate〕evidence that implicates others in the plot.涉及到阴谋中其他人的证据〔Cranmer〕English prelate who as archbishop of Canterbury (1533-1553) was instrumental in the marital machinations of Henry VIII, revised theBook of Common Prayer (1552), and instituted other reforms. Under Mary I, a Roman Catholic, he was convicted of heresy and burned at the stake. 克兰麦，托马斯：(1489-1556) 英国高级教士，曾任坎特伯雷大主教(1533-1553年），在亨利八世的婚姻阴谋中起了重要作用。他修订了《公祷书》 （1552年）并着手进行其它的字数改革。在罗马天主教徒玛丽一世统治期间，他因异教学说被判有罪，被烧死在火刑柱上 〔scheme〕A secret or devious plan; a plot.See Synonyms at plan 阴谋：秘密的或不正当的计划；计划 参见 plan〔Catesby〕English conspirator who along with Guy Fawkes was involved in the Gunpowder Plot (1604-1605) to assassinate James I. He was killed resisting arrest.盖茨比，罗伯特：(1573-1605) 英国反叛者，与盖·弗克斯一起卷入谋杀詹姆斯一世的火药阴谋（1604-1605年）。他在拒捕时被杀〔designing〕Conniving; crafty.阴谋的；狡诈的〔party〕Party is unexceptionable when used to refer to a participant in a social arrangement, as inShe was not named as a party in the conspiracy. It is this sense that underlies the legal use of the term,as when one speaks of theparties to a contract. The legal use has in turn led to the presence of the word in many fixed expressions,such asinjured party and third party. Butparty is also widely used as a general substitute for person, as inWould all parties who left packages at the desk please reclaim their property. This usage has been established for many centuries,but in the Victorian era it came to be associated with the language of the semieducated(theOxford English Dictionary describes it as "shoppy"), and it has been the subject of many later criticisms.This use ofparty may have been reinforced by its modern adoption by telephone operators. In other contexts,when used in earnest,it may be perceived as a superfluous variant forperson. But the jocular use of the term is well established,particular in references such asa wise old party. Party 用作指一项社会活动的参与者是很常见的， 如她不是这一阴谋的参与者。 正是这一意义构成了这一词的法律用法，如人们说及 parties to a contract 。 这种法律用法反过来又使得这一词出现在许多固定的短语中，如injured party 和 third party。 但party 也被广泛地用于对 person 的泛称， 如在所有将包裹放在桌子上的人请来认领他们的东西。 这种用法已确立了许多个世纪，但在维多利亚时代，它开始与受过部分教育的人的语言联系起来（牛津英语词典 把它描述为“三句话不离本行的”）， 并且它已成为后来许多批判家批评的对象。Party 的这一用法由于话务员的经常采用而被强化了。 在其它的上下文中，当用于严肃的场合时，它可以被视作是person 不必要的变体。 但这一词诙谐的用法确立已久，尤其在提及如一个精明的老人 时 〔sly〕Crafty suggests mastery of devious and underhanded methods or schemes: Crafty 暗示掌握迂回和阴谋的手段或方式： 〔intrigue〕A secret or underhand scheme; a plot.阴谋，密谋：秘密的或不光彩的计划；密谋〔rig〕To manipulate dishonestly for personal gain:（用欺骗手段）操纵，控制：为了个人利益而阴谋操纵：〔confidence〕a confidence scheme; a confidence trickster.欺诈的阴谋；欺诈的魔术师〔stillborn〕a stillborn plot to assassinate the President.刺杀总统的阴谋流产了〔onto〕The police are onto the robbers' plans.警察局都清楚抢劫犯的阴谋〔Sallust〕Roman politician and historian known for his account of the conspiracy of Catiline.萨卢斯特：罗马政治家和历史学家，因其喀提林阴谋的记载而著名 |
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