| 单词 | 面团 |
| 释义 | 〔gyoza〕A Japanese dish consisting of pockets of dough that are stuffed, as with minced pork or shrimp, and fried.炸肉团，炸虾团：一种日本食品，由里面塞满切细的猪肉和虾的面团，油煎而成〔turnover〕A small pastry made by covering one half of a piece of dough with fruit, preserves, or other filling and folding the other half over on top.馅饼：一种半圆形的小馅饼，做法是在半块面团上，放上水果、蜜饯或其它馅，而把另一半折压在上面〔leaven〕An agent, such as yeast, that causes batter or dough to rise, especially by fermentation.酵素：一种可使面粉糊或面团发大的制剂，尤指通过发酵，如酵母菌〔yeasty〕a yeasty froth; yeasty bread dough; a yeasty home-brewed beer.发酵泡沫；发酵面团；家酿发酵啤酒〔case〕a jewelry case; meat-filled cases of dough.珠宝盒；塞肉的面团〔sponge〕Dough that has been or is being leavened.生面团或正在发酵的面团〔pasta〕Paste or dough made of wheat flour, eggs, and water, often formed into shapes and dried and used in a variety of recipes after being boiled.意大利面制品：由小麦面、鸡蛋和水做成的面糊或面团，通常加工成一些形状并烘干，做熟后可用于种种烹饪〔pie〕A baked food composed of a shell of pastry that is filled with fruit, meat, cheese, or other ingredients, and usually covered with a pastry crust.馅饼，肉饼，水果派：由一层填满水果、肉、奶酪或其他原料的面团组成烤制食品，通常覆盖有一层面包皮〔pie〕The etymology of the wordpie turns etymologists into Simple Simons, that is, we do not know what it is for certain.It may come from Medieval Latinpica or pia, "pie, pasty,” but we do not know the origins of these wordsand the earliest use of the Middle English wordpie is earlier (1199) than the first use of Medieval Latin pica (c. 1310) or pia (1230). It has been suggested that Medieval Latinpica may be from Latin pīca, "magpie.” The connection could have been made because the miscellaneous nature of pie ingredients might have brought to mind either the magpie's piebald coloration or its habit of collecting miscellaneous items.In any case, the first pies contained fowl, fish, or meat;the first certain recorded mention of a fruit pie is in Robert Greene'sArcadia, published in 1590: "Thy breath is like the steame of apple-pyes.”Pie 的词源把词源学家变成了傻子， 也就是说我们对它的来源无法确定。它可能来源于中世纪拉丁语pica 或 pia 意为“馅饼，面团，” 但我们不知道这些词的词源，并且中世纪英语pie 的最早使用（1199年）比中世纪拉丁语 pica （公元1310年）或 pia （1230年）的最早使用还要早。 也有人说中世纪拉丁语pica 可能来源于意为“喜鹊”拉丁文 pica。 其联系大约是因为馅饼原料混杂的特性让人联想到喜鹊杂色的毛或其收集各种各样东西的习惯。无论怎样，最初的馅饼包有禽肉、鱼肉或兽内；对水果派最早的、有确定记录的叙述出现在出版于1590年的罗伯特·格林的作品阿卡底亚 中： “你的呼吸如苹果派的香气”〔patisserie〕from Late Latin pasta [dough] * see paste 1源自 后期拉丁语 pasta [面团] * 参见 paste1〔twist〕A loaf of bread or other bakery product made from pieces of dough twisted together.麻花状面包：用卷成一团的面团加工成的面包片或其它烤制的东西〔paste〕A smooth dough of water, flour, and butter or other shortening, used in making pastry.面团，油酥：由水、面粉和黄油或其它使糕饼变脆的油混和而成的光滑的面团，用来做糕点〔paste〕A sweet, doughy candy or confection:软糖：面团状的甜糖果或蜜饯：〔cruller〕A small, usually ring-shaped or twisted cake of sweet dough fried in deep fat.炸圈饼：一种小型的、通常为圆环状或纽绞条状的甜面团，在深油中炸成〔minestrone〕A thick soup of Italian origin containing assorted vegetables, beans, pasta such as vermicelli or macaroni, and herbs in a meat or vegetable broth.蔬菜浓汤：源于意大利的一种浓汤，用多种蔬菜、豆子、面团（如通心粉或细面条）以及放入肉或菜汤中的香料制成〔noodle〕A narrow, ribbonlike strip of dried dough, usually made of flour, eggs, and water.面条：窄的，带状的干面团，通常由面粉，鸡蛋和水做成〔rugelach〕A cookie of cream-cheese dough spread with filling, such as jam or nuts, and then rolled up.卢吉拉奇甜饼：奶油-干酪面团上撒着诸如果酱或坚果等馅，然后卷起制作而成的甜饼〔lasagna〕A dish made by baking such pasta with layers of tomato sauce and fillings such as cheese or ground meat.烤奶酪肉馅面条：通过烘烤带有一层层的番茄汁和填有如奶酪和肉馅等调料的面团而制成的菜肴〔patty〕from Old French paste [paste] * see pasty 2源自 古法语 paste [油面团] * 参见 pasty2〔minestrone〕Italian [augmentative of] minestra [dish consisting of pasta, rice, vegetables or beans cooked in water] 意大利语 minestra的增义成分 [用面团、大米、蔬菜或豆子加水煮成的菜] 〔fufu〕A thick, doughlike West African food made by boiling and pounding a starchy vegetable such as yam, plantain, or cassava.富腹薯：西非一种厚大类似面团的食物，将淀粉质丰富的蔬菜像蕃薯、大蕉或树薯煮沸后捣烂〔raise〕To cause (dough) to puff up.发酵：使（面团）膨胀〔dumpling〕A small ball of dough cooked with stew or soup.汤团，团子，饺子：炖或煮制的小面团〔pastry〕from paste [paste, dough] * see paste 1源自 paste [面糊，面团] * 参见 paste1〔dogie〕In the language of the American West,a motherless calf is known as adogie. InWestern Words Ramon F. Adams gives one possible etymology for dogie, whose origin is unknown.During the 1880's,when a series of harsh winters left large numbers of orphaned calves,the little calves, weaned too early, were unable to digest coarse range grass,and their swollen bellies "very much resembled a batch of sourdough carried in a sack.”Such a calf was referred to asdough-guts. The term, altered todogie according to Adams, "has been used ever since throughout cattleland to refer to a pot-gutted orphan calf.” Another possibility is thatdogie is an alteration of Spanish dogal, "lariat.” 在美国西部英语中，无母犊牛被称为dogie 。 莱蒙·F·亚当斯为dogie 在 西部语汇 中找到一个词源， 但该词源的出处也是未知的。19世纪80年代，连年酷寒的冬季造成了大量孤犊，尚不能消化粗糙的牧草小牛犊过早断奶，肚子鼓胀“就象装在袋子里的发酵面团”。这样的小牛被称作dongh-guts 。 据亚当斯称，该称呼后来变作dogie ，“整个牧牛区从此用来称呼大肚子的孤犊。” 另外一种可能性是dogie 为西班牙语 dogal 的变体，意即“套索” 〔sourdough〕Sour fermented dough used as leaven in making bread.酵头：制作面包时用作酵母已发酵的酸面团〔pasty〕from Late Latin pasta [paste] * see paste 1源自 后期拉丁语 pasta [面团，面糊] * 参见 paste1〔proof〕To work (dough) into proper lightness.发酵：把（干面团）做成合适软度的〔churro〕A thick, coiled fritter of fried dough.厚油炸饼：用炸面团制成的卷成一圈的厚油饼〔pastry〕Baked sweet foods made with pastry:点心：用这种面团或面糊制成的烘烤的甜味食品：〔cake〕A flat, rounded mass of dough or batter, such as a pancake that is baked or fried.薄饼：一块平的、圆形的面团或面糊，如烘烤或煎制而成的薄煎饼〔pastry〕Dough or paste consisting primarily of flour, water, and shortening that is baked and often used as a crust for foods such as pies and tarts.油酥面团：烘烤过的，主要由面粉、水和松栈油脂构成的且常用作馅饼或果馅饼等食物的外壳的面团或面糊〔pare〕pared off the excess dough.削掉多余的面团〔form〕To shape or mold (dough, for example) into a particular form.塑造：将（面团等）塑造或浇铸成一特殊形状〔crust〕A pastry shell, as of a pie or tart.馅饼皮：馅饼或果馅饼等的面团的外壳〔kreplach〕from German dialectal Kräppel [fried pastry] 源自 德语方言 Kräppel [煎面团] 〔minestrone〕The thick vegetable soup known asminestrone did not come by its name because of its ingredients or their shape but rather because of service,something highly valued by many restaurant patrons.Minestrone is from the Italian word of the same form and sense, which in turn is derived fromminestra, meaning "a dish generally consisting of pasta, rice, beans, or vegetables cooked in water.”Minestra has been borrowed into English as well, being first recorded in 1750,whileminestrone is first found in 1891. The Italian wordminestra is from the verb minestrare, meaning "to serve this type of soup" or "dish up,”which goes back to the Latin verbministrāre, "to serve food,” from Latinminister, "servant.” 这种叫作minestrone 的蔬菜浓汤不是由其成分或形状而得名， 而是由其上菜方式而得名的，这一点得到很多饭店主顾的称道。Minestrone 源于同形同义的意大利语词， 这个词由minestra 而来， 意为“通常用面团、大米、豆子或蔬菜加水煮成的菜”。英语中也引入了minestra 这个词， 该词第一次出现于1750年，而minestrone 则首次于出现在1891年。 意大利语词minestra 由动词 minestrare 而来， 意为“上这种汤”或“把…装盘上菜”，这个词可追溯到拉丁语动词ministrare 意为“上菜”， 又由拉丁语词minister “仆人”而来 〔farfel〕Noodles shaped like small grains or pellets.颗粒面团：颗粒状或小圆珠状的面团〔macaroon〕from Italian dialectal maccarone [dumpling, macaroni] 源自 意大利方言 maccarone [面团，通心粉] |
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