| 单词 | 革兰氏 |
| 释义 | 〔ampicillin〕A type of penicillin that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used in treating gonorrhea and infections of the intestinal, urinary, and respiratory tracts.安匹西林：一种青霉素，抗革兰氏阴性、革兰氏阳性细菌有效，用于治疗淋病以及肠道、泌尿道和呼吸道的感染〔gramicidin〕An antibiotic produced by the soil bacteriumBacillus brevis and used to treat infections caused by certain gram-positive bacteria. 短杆菌肽，短杆菌抗生素：由一种土壤杆菌短杆菌 产生的，用于治疗由革兰氏阳性菌引起的感染 〔tyrothricin〕A gray-brown mixture consisting mainly of tryocidine and gramicidin, used as a topical antibiotic in treating infections caused by gram-positive bacteria.混合短杆菌肽：主要由短杆菌酪肽与短杆菌肽构成的一种灰棕色混合物，主要用来制造治疗因革兰氏阳性细菌造成的感染的抗生素〔streptobacillus〕Any of various gram-negative, rod-shaped, often pathogenic bacteria of the genusStreptobacillus, occurring in chains, especially S. moniliformis, which causes a type of rat-bite fever. 链杆菌：一种革兰氏阴性的杆状，经常为单性生殖细菌链杆菌 属，呈链形，尤指引起一种鼠咬热的 念珠形链杆菌 〔staphylococcus〕A spherical gram-positive parasitic bacterium of the genusStaphylococcus, usually occurring in grapelike clusters and causing boils, septicemia, and other infections. 葡萄球菌：一种葡萄球菌属 的球状革兰氏阳性寄生细菌，通常呈现出葡萄状串簇并导致疖、败血症和其它感染 〔carbenicillin〕A semisynthetic derivative of penicillin that is effective in the treatment of infections caused by certain susceptible strains of Gram-negative bacteria, such asPseudomonas and Proteus. 羧苄青霉素：盘尼西林的半合成衍生物，在治疗由革兰氏阴性细菌的某些过敏性菌系，如假单胞菌 和 变形杆菌 引起的感染方面有疗效 〔streptococcus〕A round to ovoid, gram-positive, often pathogenic bacterium of the genusStreptococcus that occurs in pairs or chains, many species of which destroy red blood cells and cause various diseases in human beings, including erysipelas, scarlet fever, and septic sore throat. 链球菌：一种呈圆形到卵圆形，革兰氏阳性的单性生殖细菌，链球菌 属，成双或呈链形出现，许多链球菌会破坏血红血球并在人体内引发多种疾病，包括丹毒，猩红热，及链球菌性扁桃体炎 〔pseudomonad〕Any of various gram-negative, rod-shaped, mostly aerobic flagellated bacteria of the phylum Pseudomonad, commonly found in soil, water, and decaying matter and including some plant and animal pathogens.假单胞菌：任一种革兰氏阴性杆菌的假单胞菌门好氧鞭毛虫细菌，一般见于土壤、水、腐败物，还有一些植物和动物的病原体中〔erythromycin〕An antibiotic obtained from a strain of the actinomyceteStreptomyces erythreus, effective against many gram-positive bacteria and some gram-negative bacteria. 红霉素：一种抗生素，可以从一类放线菌红色链球菌 中得到，有效地抵制许多革兰氏阳性菌和一些革兰氏阴性细菌 〔enterobacterium〕Any of various gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae that includes some pathogens of plants and animals, such as the colon bacillus and salmonella.肠细菌：包括植物和动物病原体的肠细菌科中的革兰氏阴性杆菌，如结肠菌和沙门氏菌〔streptothricin〕Any of a group of antibiotics produced by an actinomycete(Streptomyces lavendulae) and active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and some fungi. 链丝菌素：由（淡紫灰链霉菌） 的放线菌产生的一组抗生素，对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌及一些真菌有抗性 〔aminoglycoside〕Any of a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as streptomycin, derived from species ofStreptomyces or Micomonospora bacteria and used to treat infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. 胺基糖甙：任一种广谱抗生素类，如从链霉菌属 物种或 小单孢菌属 细菌中提取的链霉素，用于治疗革兰氏阴性菌引起的感染 〔micrococcus〕A spherical, aerobic, gram-positive bacterium of the genusMicrococcus, usually occurring in irregular clusters. 微球菌：一种球状需氧的革兰氏阳性细菌，属微球菌 属，通常见于不规则群中 〔polymyxin〕Any of various mainly toxic antibiotics derived from strains of the soil bacteriumBacillus polymyxa and used to treat various infections with gram-negative bacteria. 多粘菌素：一种大部分为有毒的抗生素，从土壤中的多粘菌 菌株中提取，用来治疗由革兰氏阴性细菌引起的各种感染 〔trachoma〕A contagious disease of the conjunctiva and cornea, caused by the gram-negative bacteriumChlamydia trachomatis and characterized by inflammation, hypertrophy, and formation of granules of adenoid tissue. It is a major cause of blindness in Asia and Africa. 沙眼：一种结膜及角膜的传染性疾病，由革兰氏阴性病菌沙眼衣原体 引起，特征为发炎，肿胀及形成淋巴组织颗粒。在亚洲和非洲是失明的主要原因 〔myxobacterium〕Any of numerous gram-negative, rod-shaped saprophytic bacteria of the phylum Myxobacteria, typically found embedded in slime in which they form complex colonies and noted for their ability to move by gliding along surfaces without any known organ of locomotion.粘杆菌：粘细菌目中的一种革兰氏阴性、且呈杆状的腐生细胞，通常存在由粘液包围形成混合的菌落，以其没有任何可知的移位器官却能靠表面滑行的能力而闻名〔bordetella〕Any of various small, gram-negative coccobacilli of the genusBordetella, some of which are pathogenic in the human respiratory tract. It includes B. partussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. 博德特氏菌：一种博德特氏菌 属革兰氏阴性小球菌，其中有些是人类呼吸道病原体。包括引起百日咳的 百日咳博德特氏菌 〔novobiocin〕An antibiotic, C31H 36N 2O 11, produced by the actinomycete Streptomyces nivens and used to treat infections by gram-positive bacteria. 新生霉素：抗生素，C31H 36N 2O 11，由放线菌产生 雪白链霉菌 ，并可用于治疗革兰氏阳性菌引起的传染病 〔listeria〕Any of various rod-shaped, gram-positive bacteria of the genusListeria, which includes the causative agent of listeriosis. 李斯特氏杆菌：各种李斯特氏菌 属的杆状、革兰氏阳性细菌，包括李斯特氏菌病的病原体 〔pneumobacillus〕A nonmotile, gram-negative bacterium(Klebsiella pneumoniae) that causes a severe form of pneumonia and is associated with other respiratory infections. 肺炎杆菌：一种非游走的革兰氏阴性细菌（肺炎克雷白氏杆菌） ，它会导致一种严重的肺炎，而且与其他呼吸感染有关 〔spectinomycin〕A broad-spectrum antibiotic, C14H 24N 2O 7, obtained from a species of gram-negative bacteria (Streptomyces spectabilis) or produced synthetically, used especially in the treatment of penicillin-resistant gonorrhea. 奇放线菌素：一种宽光谱的抗菌素，化学式为 C14H 24N 2O 7，由一种革兰氏阴性细菌 （状观链梅菌） 获得或由人工合成，用来治疗抗青霉素的淋病 〔chlamydia〕Any of various gram-negative, coccoid microorganisms of the genusChlamydia, especially C. psittaci and C. trachomatis, that are pathogenic to human beings and animals, causing diseases such as conjunctivitis in cattle and sheep and trachoma, nonspecific urethritis, and proctitis in human beings. 衣原体：一种衣原体 属革兰氏阴性球菌微生物，尤指 鹦鹉热衣原体 和 沙眼衣原体 ，导致人类和动物疾病，如牛羊的结膜炎，人类的沙眼、非特异性尿道炎和直肠炎 〔subtilin〕An antibiotic peptide obtained from the bacteriumBacillus subtilis that is active against gram-positive bacteria and various pathogenic fungi. 枯草菌素：一种从枯草芽孢杆菌 中提取的多肽抗生素，对于抵抗革兰氏阳性细菌和多种病原真菌十分有效 〔yersinia〕A gram-negative bacillus of the genusYersinia that causes various animal diseases. 耶尔森氏菌：一种耶尔森氏菌属 的革兰氏阴性细菌，可引起各种动物疾病 〔corynebacterium〕Any of various gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria of the genusCorynebacterium, which includes many animal and plant pathogens, such as the causative agent of diphtheria. 棒状杆菌属：革兰氏染色显阳性，棒状杆菌 属的一种棒状细菌，包括许多动物和植物病原体，例如白喉的病原体 〔proteus〕Any of various gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria of the genusProteus, certain species of which are associated with human enteritis and urinary tract infections. 变形杆菌：任何一种革兰氏阴性的杆状变形杆菌属 细菌，某些变形杆菌与人类的肠类和尿道感染有关 〔colistin〕An antibiotic produced by the bacteriumBacillus polymyxa or B. colistinus that is effective against a wide range of gram-negative bacteria and is used especially in the treatment of infections of the gastrointestinal tract. 黏菌素：一种由黏杆菌 或 素芽孢杆菌 产生的抗菌素，主要用于控制革兰氏阴性杆菌，专用于治疗胃肠道感染 〔pneumococcus〕A nonmotile, gram-positive bacterium(Streptococcus pneumoniae) that is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia, associated with meningitis and other infectious diseases. 肺炎球菌：一种非游走的革兰氏阴性细菌（肺菌链球菌） ，是细菌性肺炎最常见的致病原因，并与脑膜炎和其它传染性疾病有关 〔penicillin〕Any of a group of broad-spectrum antibiotic drugs obtained from penicillium molds or produced synthetically, most active against gram-positive bacteria and used in the treatment of various infections and diseases.青霉素，盘尼西林：一种从青霉菌或人工合成青霉菌中提炼的广谱抗生素，能最有效地防治革兰氏阳性细菌且广泛运用于各种传染病和疾病的治疗中 |
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