| 单词 | 风险 |
| 释义 | 〔mortgage〕To make subject to a claim or risk; pledge against a doubtful outcome:投注：使依附于某一风险或请求；对不确定收入的抵押：〔speculate〕To engage in the buying or selling of a commodity with an element of risk on the chance of profit.投机：冒一定的风险从事商品买卖以求获利的机会〔secure〕Free from risk of loss; safe:保险的：无损失风险的；安全的：〔tempt〕Don't tempt fate.不要冒命运的风险〔plight〕from pliht [danger, risk] 源自 pliht [危险，风险] 〔unhealthy〕Of a risky nature; dangerous:属于风险性质的；危险的：〔affordable〕affordable housing; an affordable risk.买得起的住房；承担得起的风险〔chance〕A risk or hazard; a gamble:风险或危险；冒险：〔minimal〕Under the strict interpretation ofminimal, this sentence should mean only "Alcohol has an unpleasant effect when I have eaten nothing.”If the looser interpretation is allowed, however,the sentence can also mean “ . . . when I have eaten a bit.”Presented with the sentence, 29 percent of the Usage Panel said that it could have only the "eaten nothing" (that is, the strict) interpretation;34 percent said that it could have only the "eaten a bit" (that is, the looser) interpretation;and 37 percent said that it could have either meaning.Thus the looser sense ofminimal is accepted by 71 percent of the Panel and must be considered acceptable in nontechnical use. · In an analogous shift,the verbminimize is often used to mean "to reduce,” an extension of its strict etymological sense of "to reduce to the smallest possible level.”This looser usage is the result of the imprecision that usually attaches to the use of the verb in most nontechnical contexts.When a manager announces thatThe company wants to minimize the risk of accidents to line workers, we naturally interpret the manager as meaning that the risk is to be reduced to the smallest level consistent with considerations of efficiency and cost,not that risks are to be reduced to the lowest level logically possible.Even when used with allowable imprecision, however, the verbminimize should carry some implication that the relevant quantity is reduced as much as could reasonably be expected in the circumstances.Thusminimize retains at least an approximately superlative sense and so is inconsistent with modification by adverbs such asgreatly or considerably, which imply that the verb is being used as a simple synonym forlessen or reduce. 若句中的minimal 的意思比较严格， 那么这一句就只能理解为“当我什么没吃时喝酒会搞得我很难受。”但是如果比较宽泛的词义得到承认，那么这一句同时也有“…当我吃过一点东西时”这层意思。百分之二十九的用法专题使用小组成员认为这一词只能当“什么都不吃”（即严格意义上的词义）来讲；百分之三十四的成员说它只有“吃过一点”（即宽泛一些的）词义；百分之三十七的成员说两种含义都可适用。所以minimal 宽泛的含义被用法专题使用小组的百分之七十一的成员接受。 与其相类似的是，动词minimize 经常被用来指“减少”， 是其“减少到最可能小的水平”的严格意义上的延伸。这一较宽泛的含义是非技术性文章使用这一动词的不精确性而带来的结果。当一个经理宣称公司试图将生产线上工人面临出事故的风险降至最低， 我们自然会认为经理的意思是工厂的事故风险将被降至一个同时又考虑效率和成本的最小程度，而不是逻辑上可以达到的最低程度。即使在可以允许不精确的程度内使用时，动词mininize 也应有一层隐含的意思， 即其相对数量已被减少到了情况所期望的合理的程度。这样，minimize 至少仍然保留着一种大致为最高级的意思， 因而它与这些副词如greatly 或 considerably 不能搭配使用， 因为这些副词暗示着这一动词被当成了lessen 或 reduce 简单同义词而使用 〔warranty〕The insured's guarantee that the facts are as stated in reference to an insurance risk or that specified conditions will be fulfilled to keep the contract effective.合同担保：关于被保的风险如实或为保证合同有效而设立的条件将全部执行的保证〔unholy〕took unholy risks to win the downhill race.为赢得下坡比赛冒可怕的风险〔reinsure〕To insure again, especially by transferring in whole or in part a risk or contingent liability already covered under an existing contract.分保：再次保险，特别是在已存在的合同中已经受到保险的风险或意外责任全部或部分地转移出去〔venture〕ventured her entire fortune.冒着失去她的所有财产的风险〔venture〕To expose to danger or risk:冒…危险：使处于危险或风险中：〔flutter〕"If they like a flutter, Rick will get them better odds than the bookies"(John le Carré)“如果他们喜欢冒点风险，瑞克将会提供他们比赌马业者更大的胜算”(约翰·勒·卡里)〔recoil〕"split-second dealmaking and risks that would make a currency dealer blench" (Financial Times).“使现金交易商得以逃避的瞬间的交易和风险” （《金融时报》）。〔liable〕At risk of or subject to experiencing or suffering something unpleasant. Used withto : 易受…影响的：易遭受或经历一些不好的事情或风险。常与to 连用： 〔risk〕The variability of returns from an investment.投资报酬的风险：某项投资返还的机率〔bankroll〕To underwrite the expense of (a business venture, for example).为…提供资金：承担（如企业风险）的花费〔chary〕was chary of the risks involved.对卷入的风险小心翼翼〔risk〕The chance of nonpayment of a debt.拒绝偿债的风险〔risk〕The possibility of suffering harm or loss; danger.危险，风险：遭受损害或损失的可能性；危险〔unprotected〕Engaged in without taking precautions against the risk of pregnancy or infection by sexually transmitted disease.未防范的：未采取针对怀孕或性传播疾病感染风险的预防措施而进行的〔minimax〕Of or relating to the strategy in game theory that minimizes the maximum risk for a player.极大（中）极小的：博奕论中参与者的风险极大值达到极小的策略的〔tempt〕To provoke or to risk provoking:冒……的风险：挑衅或冒风险：〔risk〕a poor risk.不幸的风险承担人〔underwriter〕An insurance agent who assesses the risk of enrolling an applicant for coverage or a policy.保险业务受理人：保险代理人，他评估为保险总额或保险单登记申请人承担的风险〔biohazard〕The potential danger, risk, or harm from exposure to such an agent or condition.生物危险：来自面临于此类制剂或状态的潜在危险、风险或伤害〔average〕The loss of a ship or cargo, caused by damage at sea.海损：由于海上风险造成的船或货的损失〔unjustifiable〕took an unjustifiable risk.冒了一次错误的风险〔Arrow〕American economist. He shared a 1972 Nobel Prize for theories that help assess business risks and governmental economic policies.阿罗，肯尼思·约瑟夫：(生于 1921) 美国经济学家。因提出协助估价企业风险和政府经济政策的理论而获1972年诺贝尔奖〔gamble〕I took a gamble that stock prices would rise.我冒着股票可能上涨的风险〔venture〕Something, such as money or cargo, at hazard in a risky enterprise.投机对象；赌注：在冒险企业中处于风险的东西，如金钱或货物〔venture〕To proceed despite possible danger or risk:孤注一掷，不顾一切：无视可能发生的危险或风险继续前进或进行：〔redline〕To refuse home mortgages or home insurance to areas or neighborhoods deemed poor financial risks.拒绝房产抵押，拒绝房产保险：对经济风险大的地区拒绝房产抵押或房产保险〔safe〕Free from risk; sure:保险的：没有风险的；肯定的： |
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