| 单词 | 首字母 |
| 释义 | 〔gee〕from the first letter of grand 源自 grand的首字母〔initial〕To mark or sign with initials, especially for purposes of authorization or approval.用姓名的首字母签名：标出或用首字母签名，尤指用于表示授权或同意〔cabal〕The history ofcabal reveals how a word can be transferred from one sphere of activity to another while retaining only a tenuous connection with its past. Ultimately from Hebrewbut transmitted to English probably by way of Medieval Latin and French,cabal is first recorded in English in 1616 in the sense "cabala.” Cabala was the name for the Hebrew oral tradition transmitted by Moses and also the name for a Jewish religious philosophy based on an esoteric interpretation of the Hebrew Scriptures.The notion "esoteric" is central to the development of this word in English,forcabal, probably following the sense development in French, came to mean "a tradition, special interpretation, or secret,” "a private intrigue" (first recorded in 1646-1647),and "a small body of intriguers" (first recorded in 1660).It is probably not coincidental thatcabal is found with these latter meanings during the mid-17th century, that time of plots and counterplots by Royalists and Parliamentarians.The word gained a false etymology when it was noticed that the five most influential ministers of Charles II were named Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale.单词cable 的历史表现出一个单词在与其过去的含义仅保持微弱联系的情况下，如何能够从一个使用范围转向另一个范围。 最起始是源于希伯来语，但可能是通过中世纪的拉丁语和法语转化为英语，cabal 以“秘教”的含义在英语中最早载于1616年。 Cabala 是对摩西所传的希伯来口头传说的称谓， 也是对基于希伯来圣经神秘解说的犹太宗教哲学的称谓。“深奥的”这个概念对于这个英文单词的发展是很重要的，因为cabal 可能是沿用法语里发展起来的含义， 意为“传统，特殊的理解或秘密的，“个人阴谋”（最早记载于1646至1647年），以及“较小的阴谋者的联合体”（最早记载于1660年）。它可能与cabal 的17世纪中叶的后来含义并不一致， 在这一时期内充斥着保皇党人和议员们的阴谋和对策。由于注意到查理二世时期五位最有影响的大臣姓名分别为克利福德，阿灵顿，白金汉，阿什利和劳德戴尔（其姓名首字母合起来为CABAL），该词由此得来一错误的语源说明〔jayvee〕Pronunciation of the initial letters in j(unior) v(arsity) j(unior) v(arsity) 中首字母的发音〔teetotal〕Probably partly tee 1 pronunciation of the first letter in total 可能部分为 tee1 total中首字母的发音 〔carve〕carve initials in the bark; carved out an empire.把名字的首字母刻在树皮上；开创出一个帝国〔aleph〕The first letter of the Hebrew alphabet. See table at alphabet 希伯来文首字母：希伯来文字母表的第一个字母 参见 alphabet〔NMI〕No middle initial.无中名的姓名首字母缩写〔spooling〕From the acronym spool 源自首字母缩略字 spool 〔letter〕An emblem in the shape of the initial of a school awarded for outstanding performance, especially in varsity athletics.校名字首形式的徽章：以学校名字首字母的形状制成的徽章，奖给那些表现优异的人，尤指那些大学体育竞赛中表现优异者〔scuba〕To goscuba diving sounds much more desirable than to go self-contained underwater breathing apparatus diving. In talking about such an apparatus, first successfully tested in 1943, it must have seemed much simpler to sayscuba, taking the first letter of each word in the phrase and putting them together to form one word.Scuba, like other acronyms, as such words are called, has a vowel at a point that allows it to be pronounced like an English word.The word, first recorded in 1952, has been accepted to the extent that people probably rarely think of it as a collection of initials and furthermore have used it in forming other words, such asscuba-dive. In fact, a verbscuba was first recorded in 1973 and is still in use. 用scuba diving 要比用 self-contained underwater breathing apparatus diving 听起来更能令有接受。 当谈及这种首次在1943年试验成功的装置时，能不费力地说scruba ， 把词组中每个单字的第一个字母都集合在一起形成一个单词。Scuba 与其它同样叫法的首字缩略词一样， 在某一点有一元音，这样使它在发音时听起来象一个英语单词。自从这个单词首次在1952年出现后，已经被人们广为使用，大概人们很少会把它看作是首字母的集合体，甚至人们把它还用于其它单词中，例如scuba-dive 。 事实上，动词scuba 是在1973年首次被记录，并一直延用至今 〔Seabee〕pronunciation of the initial letters of construction battalion construction battalion中首字母的发音 〔pee〕From the first letter of piss 源自 piss的首字母〔bureaucratese〕"Soviet bureaucratese, especially the tongue-twisting acronyms and alien-sounding portmanteau words of the state security apparatus"(Strobe Talbott)“苏联官僚语言，尤其是描述保安体制的绕口的首字母简略词和外来语组合词”(斯特罗布·塔尔博特)〔acronym〕A word formed from the initial letters of a name, such asWAC for W omen's A rmy C orps, or by combining initial letters or parts of a series of words, such as radar for ra dio d etecting a nd r anging. 首字母缩拼词：一单词由一名字的起首字母组成。如WAC 为 W omen's A rmy C orps的第一个字母组成。或者是由起首字母和一系列单词中的部分字母组成，如 radar 由 ra dio d etecting a nd r anging的组成 〔scratch〕scratched their initials on a rock.在岩石上刻上他们的名字的首字母〔gamut〕ut [first note of the lowest hexachord] after ut , first word in a Latin hymn to Saint John the Baptist, the initial syllables of successive lines of which were sung to the notes of an ascending scale CDEFGA: Ut queant laxis re sonare fibris Mi ra gestorum fa muli tuorum, Sol ve polluti la bii reatum, Sancte Iohannes ut [最低六度音阶的第一个音符] 源自 ut ，施洗者圣约翰拉丁文赞歌中的第一个单词，按上升音阶CDEFGA所演唱的一系列音符中的首字母： 音阶的第一音 queant laxis 音阶的第二音 sonare fibris 音阶的第三音 ra gestorum 音阶的第四音 muli tuorum 音阶的第五音 ve polluti 音阶的第六音 bii reatum，萨克特·因汉尼斯 〔initial〕Designating the first letter or letters of a word.首字母的：一个单词的第一个或前几个字母〔pheresis〕Apheresis.词首字母或音节脱落〔news〕If you take the first letters of the directions North, East, West, and South,it is true that you have the letters of the wordnews, but it is not true that you have the etymology ofnews, contrary to what has often been thought. The history of the word is much less clever than this and not at all unexpected.News is simply the plural of the noun new, which we use, for example, in the adage "Out with the old, in with the new.”The first recorded user of this plural to mean "tidings" may have been James I of Scotland;a work possibly written by him around 1437 contains the words "Awak . . . I bring The [thee] newis [news] glad.”It is pleasant to see that the first news was good.However, his descendant James I of England is the first person recorded (1616) to have said"No newis is better than evill newis,”or as we would put it, "No news is good news.”如果你取北、东、西、南四个单词各自的首字母，就得到单词news 的所有字母， 但是这并非news 的出处。 这个词的历史远比这巧妙且不是完全不可想象的。News 是名词 new 的复数形式， 举例来说，我们在谚语“旧的去了，新的来了”中使用了这个词。关于把这个词的复数作为“音讯”来用的最早记录是苏格兰的詹姆士一世，在他写的一本约1437年的书里有这样的话语“阿瓦克……，我给你带来好消息，”看到第一条是好消息是很让人高兴的。然而，他的后代英格兰的詹姆士一世却是记载(1616年）最先说出下面的话的人：“没有消息比坏消息好”或者如我们所说的“没有消息就是好消息”〔Jaycee〕Pronunciation of the initial letters in Junior Chamber (of Commerce) Junior Chamber (of Commerce) 中首字母的发音 〔initial〕stationery monogrammed with her initials.印有她姓名首字母的信笺 |
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