| 单词 | 马修 |
| 释义 | 〔Quay〕American politician. A U.S. senator from Pennsylvania (1887-1899 and 1901-1904), he wielded great political power on the state and national levels.基，马修·斯坦利：(1833-1904) 美国政治家。宾夕法尼亚州参议员（1887-1899年和1901-1904年），在州和国家中他都有过很大的政治实力〔Biondi〕American swimmer who won 11 medals in 3 Olympic Games, tying Mark Spitz's record for the most medals won by an Olympian swimmer.比翁迪·马修：美国游泳运动员，在三次奥运会上赢得11枚奖牌，与奥运会游泳运动员中赢得奖牌数最多纪录的马克·施皮茨持平〔flash〕"On the French coast, the light/Gleams, and is gone; the cliffs of England stand,/ Glimmering and vast, out in the tranquil bay" (Matthew Arnold). Totwinkle is to shine with quick, intermittent flashes or gleams: “在法国海滩上，光微弱地闪动着，然后消失了；英国的山崖耸立在宁静的海湾边，微微闪光，巨大无比” （马修·阿诺尔德）。Twinkle 就是迅速地、间歇地发光或闪亮： 〔Maury〕American naval officer and oceanographer who charted the currents and winds of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans and wrote the pioneeringPhysical Geography of the Sea (1855). 莫里，马修·方丹：(1806-1873) 美国海军军官、海洋学家。曾绘制大西洋、太平洋和印度洋的洋流和风区图，并著有最早的现代海洋学教科书《海洋自然地理》 （1855年） 〔materialize〕"Inequality has the natural and necessary effect . . . of materializing our upper class, vulgarizing our middle class, and brutalizing our lower class"(Matthew Arnold)“不平等具有一种自然的、必要的效力…使人们的上层阶级物质化，使我们的中层阶级世俗化，使我们的低层阶级残暴化”(马修·阿诺德)〔Perry〕American naval officer who opened diplomatic and trade relations between the United States and Japan (1854).佩里，马修·卡尔布莱斯：(1794-1858) 美国海军军官，1854年他打开了美国和日本之间的外交和商贸关系〔suppress〕"There is the world of ideas and the world of practice;the French are often for suppressing the one and the English the other;but neither is to be suppressed" (Matthew Arnold).Tostifle is to keep back something, such as an impulse or an emotion, as if by smothering it: “存在着一个思想的世界和一个行动的世界；法国人通常赞成压制前一个世界，而英国人则赞成压制后一个；但是两者都不会被压制住的” （马修·阿诺德）。Stifle 就是好像闷熄般抑制住某物，如冲动或情感： 〔Hale〕English jurist who promoted the Restoration, served as chief baron of the Exchequer (1660) and chief justice of the King's Bench (1671-1676), and was a noted scholar of English common law.黑尔爵士，马修：(1609-1676) 英国法学家，提倡复辟运动，1660年担任财政总长，1671-1676年任王座法庭首席法官，是英国习惯法（不成文法）方面的知名学者〔Lewis〕British gothic writer who is remembered for the novelThe Monk (1796), for which he was known as "Monk Lewis.” 刘易斯，马修·格里戈尔：(1775-1818) 英国哥特式小说作家，成名作是《僧人》 （1796年），他因此获得了“僧人刘易斯”的绰号 〔Jones〕American Quaker philosopher who helped found (1917) the American Friends Service Committee.琼斯，鲁富斯·马修：(1863-1948) 美国贵格会哲学家，于1917年帮助创建了“美国友爱服务委员会”〔Arnold〕British poet and critic whose poems, such as "Dover Beach" (1867), express moral and religious doubts. His classic studyCulture and Anarchy (1869) is a polemic against Victorian materialism. 阿诺德，马修：(1822-1888) 英国诗人和评论家，其诗歌，如“多佛海滩”（1867年），表达了道德和宗教的怀疑。他的古典文学作品《文化与无政府状态》 （1869年）一书是反对维多利亚物质主义的激烈争辩 〔Paris〕English monk and chronicler. HisChronica Majora traced the history of the world from the creation to 1259. 巴利史，马修：(1200?-1259) 英国僧侣和编年史学家，他的《大编年史》 追溯了从世界形成到1259年间的世界历史 〔tycoon〕Business tycoons may consider themselves captains or even princes of industry,but by virtue of being calledtycoons, they have already achieved princely status,at least from an etymological point of view.Tycoon came into English from Japanese, which had borrowed the title, meaning "great prince,” from Chinese.Use of the word was intended to make the shogun,the commander in chief of the Japanese army, more impressive to foreigners (his official titleshōgun merely meant "general"). In fact, the shogun actually ruled Japan,although he was supposedly acting for the emperor.When Matthew C. Perry opened Japan to the West in 1854,he negotiated with the shogun, thinking him to be the emperor.The shogun's title,taikun, was brought back to the United States after Perry's visit.Abraham Lincoln's cabinet members usedtycoon as an affectionate nickname for the President. The word soon came to be used for business and industry leaders—perhaps at times for those who had as much right to such an impressive title as did the shogun.The word itself now has an old-fashioned sound,but when we encounter it,we should think back to the days of Commodore Perry and President Lincoln,both of whom were real tycoons in their own ways.商界大亨可能把他们自己当成是工业界的长官或甚至王子，但是因为被叫做tycoon ， 他们早已达到了王子般的地位，至少从词源学的观点来说是这样。Tycoon 由日语进入英语， 而日语的这个头衔是从汉语借来的，意思是“大王”。使用这个词是为了使幕府将军，日本军队的总指挥官给外国人以深刻的印象（他的官方头衔shogun 的意思仅仅是“将军”）。 实际上，是幕府将军统治着日本，尽管他被认为是为天皇办事。当马修·C·佩里1854年使日本向西方开放时，他和幕府将军进行了谈判，以为他就是日本天皇。幕府将军的头衔taikun ， 在佩里访问美国后带到了美国。亚伯拉罕·林肯的内阁成员把tycoon 用作总统的充满感情的绰号。 这个词很快也被用于商界和工界的领导人，也许有时这些人象幕府将军那样有权以致给人深刻的印象。这个词本身听起来有点老派，但是当我们遇到它时，我们应该回想起佩里海军准将和林肯总统的时代，他们两人以各自的方式成为真正的巨头〔Broun〕American journalist who addressed social injustices, most notably the Sacco and Vanzetti case.布龙，（马修）海伍德（坎贝尔）：(1888-1939) 美国新闻工作者，曾就社会不公正发表演说。最有名的是萨柯和万泽蒂案件〔Brady〕American pioneer photographer who was famous for his portraits and was appointed official Union photographer of the Civil War in 1861.布雷迪，马修B.：(1823-1896) 美国摄影先驱，因其肖像摄影而闻名，在1861年美国内战中被指定为官方摄影协会成员〔Petrie〕British Egyptologist known especially for his excavations at Memphis and Thebes.皮特里，（威廉·马修）弗林德斯：(1853-1942) 英国埃及学家，尤因在孟斐斯和底比斯的考古发掘而闻名〔culture〕"Culture is then properly described not as having its origin in curiosity, but as having its origin in the love of perfection" (Matthew Arnold). “由此修养被恰当地描述为源于对完美的热爱，而不是出于好奇心” （马修·阿诺德）。〔Flinders〕British explorer who sailed to New South Wales (1795) and subsequently made a thorough study of the Australian coast.弗林德斯，马修：(1774-1814) 英国探险家，曾航行到新南威尔士州（1795年），随后对澳大利亚的海岸作了详尽的研究〔Henson〕American explorer who accompanied Peary on seven Arctic expeditions, including the 1909 expedition that claimed to have first reached the North Pole.汉森，马修·亚历山大：美国探险家，他曾经随皮尔里参加过七次极地远征探险，包括1909年宣称首度到达北极的探险〔regard〕"Greatness is a spiritual condition worthy to excite love, interest, and admiration" (Matthew Arnold).“伟大是一种值得深深热爱、推崇和钦佩的精神境界” （马修·阿诺德）。〔Parker〕English prelate who served as archbishop of Canterbury from 1559 until his death and was instrumental in establishing ecclesiastical forms for the Anglican Church.帕克，马修：(1504-1575) 英国高级教士，1559年至去世曾担任坎特伯利大主教，为圣公会教堂一些教会体制的建立起了作用〔old〕"in hat of antique shape" (Matthew Arnold). “戴着古董式的帽子” （马修·阿诺德）。 〔ruin〕"Coleridge, poet and philosopher wrecked in a mist of opium" (Matthew Arnold).诗人和哲学家柯尔律治被鸦片的烟雾断送了” （马修·阿诺德）〔Prior〕English poet and diplomat known for his epigrams and light satirical verse.普赖尔，马修：(1664-1721) 英国诗人和外交官，以其机智的短诗和略带讽刺的诗闻名〔Yokohama〕A city of southeast Honshu, Japan, on the western shore of Tokyo Bay. It was a small fishing village when Matthew Perry visited it in 1854 but was chosen as a site for foreign settlement in 1859 and grew rapidly thereafter. Almost entirely destroyed by an earthquake and fire in 1923, it was quickly rebuilt and modernized. The city is now a leading port and an industrial center. Population, 2,992,644.横滨：日本本州东南一城市，位于东京湾西岸。1854年马修·派瑞访问该地时还是一个小渔村，但在1859年被选为外国人的定居点，此后迅速地发展起来。1923年在一场地震和大火中几乎全部被毁，但很快重建并现代化，现在是一个重要的港口和工业中心。人口2,992,644〔Vassar〕American merchant and philanthropist who was an advocate of higher education for women and endowed Vassar College (1861).瓦萨，马修：(1792-1868) 美国商人和慈善家，他倡导对妇女进行高等教育并捐款给瓦萨大学(1861年）〔Ridgway〕American army officer who commanded airborne divisions in Europe during World War II. He was supreme commander of NATO forces in Europe (1951-1953) and served as chief of staff of the U.S. Army (1953-1955).李奇微，马修·邦克：(生于 1895) 美国陆军军官，他在第二次世界大战期间曾指挥空运部队，他曾在欧洲的北约组织部队担任最高指挥官（1951-1953年），并担任美国陆军的参谋长（1953-1955年）〔sign〕"the eternal note of sadness" (Matthew Arnold).See also Synonyms at gesture “悲伤的永恒记录” （马修阿诺德） 参见同义词 gesture |
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