| 单词 | 马萨诸塞 |
| 释义 | 〔squaw〕Massachusett squa [younger woman] 马萨诸塞语 squa [年轻的女子] 〔Massachusett〕A Native American people formerly located along Massachusetts Bay from Plymouth north to Salem. Reduced by epidemics, the Massachusett ceased to exist as a people during the 17th century.马萨诸塞族：北美本土民族，早期定居在马萨诸塞湾的从普利茅斯北部到沙龙地区。因传染病而人口减少，该民族在17世纪消亡〔Stoneham〕A town of northeast Massachusetts, a residential suburb of Boston. Population, 22,203.斯托纳姆：美国马萨诸塞东北部城镇，波士顿的居住郊区。人口22,203〔Endecott〕English-born American colonial administrator who was a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and served frequently as its governor between 1628 and 1664.尹德科提，约翰：(1588?-1665) 英裔美国殖民地管理者，他是马萨诸塞湾殖民区的一个建立者，并在1628年到1664年间经常成为该地区的统治者〔Newburyport〕A city of northeast Massachusetts at the mouth of the Merrimack River east-northeast of Lawrence. Settled in 1635, it was a shipbuilding and whaling port in early times and is now a resort community with varied light industries. Population, 16,317.纽伯里波特：美国马萨诸塞东北部城市，位于劳伦斯州东北偏东的梅里马克河口。1635年创建，早期是个造船业和捕鲸港口。现在是个拥有多种轻工业的旅游胜地社区。人口16,317〔Bigelow〕American inventor of power looms used in the manufacture of fabrics and carpets. He was a founder of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1861).比奇洛，伊拉斯塔斯·布里格姆：(1814-1879) 发明用于纺织品和地毯制造中的动力纺机的美国发明家。是马萨诸塞技术研究院的创始人（1861年）〔Wampanoag〕The Algonquian language of the Wampanoag, a variety of Massachusett.万帕诺亚格语：万帕诺亚格人使用的阿尔贡金语，为马萨诸塞语的变语之一〔Plymouth〕A town of southeast Massachusetts onPlymouth Bay, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Boston. Founded in 1620 by Pilgrims, who supposedly set foot on Plymouth Rock when disembarking from the Mayflower, it was the center of Plymouth Colony. The colony was governed under precepts laid down in the Mayflower Compact until 1691, when it was absorbed by the royal colony of Massachusetts. Population, 45,608. 普利茅斯：美国马萨诸塞州东南一城镇，位于普利茅斯湾 沿岸，该湾位于波士顿的东南，是大西洋的一个小海湾。该镇由清教徒于1620年建立，这批清教徒被认为是在 普利茅斯海岸巨砾 登陆，从 五月花号 离船登陆。它曾是 普利茅斯殖民地 的中心。直到1691年，该殖民地都一直是按五月花协议上规定的条款业统治的，后被并入马萨诸塞的皇家殖民地。人口45,608 〔Hartford〕The capital of Connecticut, in the north-central part of the state on the Connecticut River. Settled 1635-1636 by Massachusetts colonists on the site of a Dutch trading post, it became the nucleus of the Connecticut Colony in 1639. From 1701 to 1875 it was joint capital with New Haven. Population, 139,739.哈特福德：美国康涅狄格州首府，位于该州北部中心地带的康涅狄格河畔，该市于1635-1636年间由马萨诸塞殖民者在荷兰人贸易地点建立起来，后于1639年成为康涅狄格殖民地的中心，从1701年到1875年同纽黑文市联合成为该州首府。人口139,739〔sannup〕[Of Massachusett origin] [源于马萨诸塞] 〔Dawes〕American patriot who rode with Paul Revere on April 18, 1775, to warn of the British advance on Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts.道威斯，威廉：(1745-1799) 美国爱国者，1775年4月18日，和保罗·里维尔骑马预先通告英国人向马萨诸塞的莱克星顿和康科德进犯〔Massachusetts〕A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. The first settlement was made by the Pilgrims of theMayflower in 1620. Governed by the Massachusetts Bay Company from 1629 until 1684, the colony was a leader in the move for independence from Great Britain and the site of the first battles of the Revolutionary War in 1775. Boston is the capital and the largest city. Population, 6,029,051. 马萨诸塞：美国东北部的州。1788年被承认为最早的十三个殖民地之一。五月花 号上的清教徒于1620年最早定居此地。1629年到1684年，该殖民地由马萨诸塞湾公司统治，并率领了殖民地从大不列颠独立的运动，马萨诸塞也是1775年进行的美国独立革命早期几次战役的发生地。波士顿为州府和最大城市。人口6,029,051 〔McIntire〕American architect and craftsman who designed many colonial homes and public buildings in Salem, Massachusetts.麦金泰尔，塞缪尔：(1757-1811) 美国建筑师、手工艺者，曾设计过许多殖民地时期的住宅以及马萨诸塞的塞勒姆的公共建筑〔Boston〕The capital and largest city of Massachusetts, in the eastern part of the state onBoston Bay, an arm of Massachusetts Bay. Founded in the 17th century, it was a leading center of agitation against England in the 18th century and a stronghold of abolitionist thought in the 19th century. Today it is a major commercial, financial, and educational hub. Population, 574,283. 波士顿：美国马萨诸塞州首府和最大城市，位于该州的东部，马萨诸塞湾的一个海湾波士顿湾 上。建于17世纪，是18世纪反对英国暴动的领导中心和19世纪废奴思想的强烈支持者。现在是一个主要的商业、金融和教育中心。人口574,283 〔Dudley〕English colonial administrator in America who served as governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (1634, 1640, 1645, and 1650) and as one of Harvard College's first overseers. His sonJoseph (1647-1720) was also governor of Massachusetts (1702-1715). 达德利，托马斯：(1576-1653) 英国驻美国的殖民长官，曾任马萨诸塞湾殖民地总督(1634年,1640年,1645年,1650年），哈佛学院的创办发起人之一，其子约瑟夫 (1647年-1720年）亦为马萨诸塞总督(1702年-1715年） 〔Connecticut〕A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. Connecticut's coastline was first explored by Dutch navigators after 1614, and in 1635 colonists from Massachusetts Bay began to settle in the Connecticut River valley. The Fundamental Orders, a constitution based on the consent of the governed, was adopted by the colony in 1639. Hartford is the capital and Bridgeport the largest city. Population, 3,295,669.康涅狄格州：美国东北部一州。1788年它被接受为美国最初的十三个独立殖民地之一。1614年后，荷兰的航海家最先到达康涅狄格的海岸线，1635年来自马萨诸塞湾的殖民者开始在康涅狄格河谷定居。在统治政府的同意下，一部基本法-宪法于1639年开始实行。哈特福德是其首都，布里奇波特为最大城市。人口3,295,669〔Needham〕A town of eastern Massachusetts, a mainly residential suburb of Boston. Population, 27,557.尼德姆：马萨诸塞东部的一个城镇，波士顿的一个主要居住郊区。人口27,557〔Worcester〕A city of central Massachusetts west of Boston. It is a commercial, industrial, and educational center. Population, 169,759.伍斯特：美国马萨诸塞中部一城市，位于波士顿西部。是商业、工业和教育中心。人口169,759〔Massachusett〕The Algonquian language of the Massachusett.马萨诸塞族使用的阿尔贡金语〔Woonsocket〕A city of northern Rhode Island north-northwest of Providence near the Massachusetts border. Settled c. 1666, it has long been a manufacturing center. Population, 43,877.文索基特：美国罗得岛州北部的城市，位于普罗维登斯西北偏北、马萨诸塞边界附近。于公元1666年建立，它很长时间一直是制造中心。人口43,877〔Wareham〕A town of southeast Massachusetts on Buzzards Bay northeast of New Bedford. It is a resort town in a cranberry-growing region. Population, 19,232.韦勒姆：美国马萨诸塞东南部城市，位于新贝德福德东北的巴泽兹湾口。为一蔓越桔产地的度假镇。人口19,232〔Hingham〕A town of eastern Massachusetts on Massachusetts Bay southeast of Boston. It is a residential suburb and summer resort. Population, 19,821.兴海姆：马萨诸塞州东部一城镇，位于波士顿东南的马萨诸塞湾，是居住区和避暑胜地。人口19,821〔Gage〕British general and colonial administrator. As governor of Massachusetts (1774-1775) his attempts to suppress colonial resistance led to the start of the American Revolution.盖奇，托马斯：(1721-1787) 英国将军及殖民地行政官员，作为马萨诸塞总督（1774-1775年）他试图镇压殖民抵抗运动而导致美国革命〔Framingham〕A town of east-central Massachusetts west-southwest of Boston. Settled in 1650, it is a commercial and industrial center. Population, 64,994.弗雷明汉：马萨诸塞中东部一城市，位于波士顿的西南偏西。1605年在此建立殖民地，是工、商业中心。人口64,994〔Massachusett〕[From the Massachusett name of Great Blue Hill south of Boston] [源于马萨诸塞语中波士顿南部大蓝岭的名称] 〔Winthrop〕English colonial administrator who was the first governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, serving seven terms between 1629 and 1649. His sonJohn (1606-1676) was three times governor of Connecticut (1636, 1657, and 1659-1676), and his grandson John (1638-1707), born in America, was also governor of Connecticut (1698-1707). 温思罗普，约翰：(1588-1649) 英国殖民地的行政长官，从1629年到1649年任七届马萨诸塞湾殖民地总督，也是此殖民地的第一位总督。他的儿子约翰 (1606-1676年）曾三任康涅狄格州总督(1636，1637和1659-1676年），他的孙子 约翰 (1638-1707年）生于美国，也是康涅狄格州的总督(1698-1707年） 〔Danvers〕A town of northeast Massachusetts north-northeast of Boston. It was settled in the 1630's and set off from Salem in 1752. Population, 24,174.丹弗斯：美国马萨诸塞东北部一城镇，位于波士顿东北偏北，建立于17世纪30年代，于1752年从塞勒姆中分割出来。人口24,174〔Wakefield〕A town of eastern Massachusetts, a residential and industrial suburb of Boston. Population, 24,825.韦克菲尔德：美国马萨诸塞东部城镇，波士顿的一个居住区和工业区。人口24,825〔Stoughton〕A town of eastern Massachusetts northwest of Brockton. It is a manufacturing center. Population, 26,777.斯托顿：马萨诸塞东部、布史克顿西北一城镇，为一制造业中心。人口26,777〔mugwump〕Massachusett mugguomp, mummugguomp [war leader] 马萨诸塞语 mugguomp, mummugguomp [战争中的领导者] 〔anesthesia〕The following passage, written on November 21, 1846, by Oliver Wendell Holmes,a physician-poet and the father of the Supreme Court justice of the same name,allows us to pinpoint the entry ofanesthesia and anesthetic into English: "Every body wants to have a hand in a great discovery. All I will do is to give you a hint or two as to names—or the name—to be applied to the state produced and the agent. The state should, I think, be called ‘Anaesthesia’ [from the Greek word anaisthēsia, "lack of sensation"]. This signifies insensibility . . . The adjective will be ‘Anaesthetic.’ Thus we might say the state of Anaesthesia, or the anaesthetic state.”This citation is taken from a letter to William Thomas Green Morton,who in October of that year had successfully demonstrated the use of ether at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.Althoughanaesthesia is recorded in Nathan Bailey's Universal Etymological English Dictionary in 1721, it is clear that Holmes really was responsible for its entry into the language.TheOxford English Dictionary has several citations for anesthesia and anesthetic in 1847 and 1848, indicating that the words gained rapid acceptance.下面是奥立佛·万德·霍姆斯写于1846年11月21的一段话。作者是个诗人医生和与其同名的最高法庭法官的父亲。这段话能使我们断定anesthesia 和 anesthetic 进入英语的背景： “每个人都希望能够参与一次伟大的发现。我所要做的是告诉你一两个提示去命名，或能被应用于某种状态的名称。我认为这种状态应该被叫做Anaesthesia ［从希腊词anaisthesia “感觉缺失”发展而来］。 这个词表示无感觉…其形容词应该是‘Anaesthetic’。这样我们可以说感觉缺失的状态或感觉缺失”。这段话是从寄给威廉·托马斯·格林·莫顿的一封信上摘录下的，莫顿同年十月在波士顿的马萨诸塞总医院曾成功使用了醚。尽管南森·巴利于1721年把anaethesia 选入了 通用英语词源词典 ， 但是很显然是霍姆斯首先把这个词引入英语。牛津英语词典 上有几处引用了1847年和1848年有 anesthesia 和 anesthetic 的句子， 说明这两个词很快就被人们所接受〔Arlington〕A town of eastern Massachusetts, a residential suburb of Boston. Population, 44,630.阿灵顿：马萨诸塞东部一城镇，是波士顿的一个市郊居住区。人口44,630〔Winchester〕A town of northeast Massachusetts, a residential suburb of Boston. Population, 20,267.温切斯特镇：美国马萨诸塞东北部一城镇，是波士顿的居住郊区。人口20,267〔Fairhaven〕A town of southeast Massachusetts on Buzzards Bay opposite New Bedford. It was formerly a whaling port. Population, 16,132.费尔港：美国马萨诸塞东南部的一座城镇，在巴泽兹湾，与新贝德福德相对。曾经是一个捕鲸业港口。人口16,132〔Falmouth〕A town of southeast Massachusetts on southwest Cape Cod. Once a whaling and shipbuilding center, it is now a popular summer resort and the site of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Population, 27,960.法尔茅斯：美国马萨诸塞东南部的一座市镇，在科德角西南。曾经是捕鲸业和造船业中心。现在是夏季避暑胜地和伍兹霍尔海洋图片研究所的所在地。人口27,960〔Mather〕American clergyman and writer. He and his sonCotton (1663-1728) exerted great theological and political influence on the colony of Massachusetts through their staunch Puritanism and prolific writing. 马瑟，英克里斯：(1639-1723) 美国神职人员、作家。他与其子科顿 (1663-1728年）共同的坚定的宗教信仰和他们的大量文章对马萨诸塞殖民地在神学和政治上产生极大的影响 〔Natick〕A town of northeast Massachusetts, a residential and industrial suburb of Boston. Population, 30,510.内蒂克：马萨诸塞东北部的一个城镇，波士顿城市的一个居住和工业的郊区。人口30,510〔Marshfield〕A town of southeast Massachusetts on Massachusetts Bay southeast of Boston. The burial place of Daniel Webster, it is now a resort community. Population, 21,531.马什菲尔德：美国马萨诸塞州东南部的一个城镇，位于波士顿东南的马萨诸塞湾。该镇是丹尼尔·韦伯斯特的埋葬地，现在是一个度假社区。人口21,531〔commonwealth〕Used to refer to some U.S. states, namely, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.美国的州：用于指美国某些州，例如肯塔基、马里兰、马萨诸塞、宾夕法尼亚和弗吉尼亚〔Natick〕The variety of Massachusett presumed to have been spoken in the mission town of Natick, Massachusetts, and used in the Massachusett Bible.内蒂克语：马萨诸塞语的分支，认定为曾在内蒂克，马萨诸塞传教镇说过，在马萨诸塞圣经上用过 |
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