| 单词 | 驯服 |
| 释义 | 〔mastiff〕The mastiff, which was at one time used in bullbaiting and bearbaiting as well as in dogfights,is ultimately named not for its fierceness but for its tameness.To find this tamenesswe must look back to the ultimate source ofmastiff in the Latin word mānsuētus, "tame, domesticated,” itself derived from the past participle ofmanusuēscere, "to tame,” made up of the rootman- found in the wordmanus, "hand,” and the verb suēscere, "to become accustomed to.” Tame beasts are accustomed to the hand.To explain howmansuēscere became mastiff, we must follow it through its Vulgar Latin development,.mansuētīnus, "domesticated,” and the later Old French development, mastin, "mastiff.” While being borrowed into English,mastin was probably blended with the Old French word mestif, "mongrel,” and was possibly influenced by the Medieval Latin wordmastīvus, "mastiff,” probably itself an error formastīnus, which came from the same Vulgar Latin source as the Old French word. Mastiff is first recorded in Middle English (as mastif ) in a work written before 1387. 曾经一度被用于纵狗斗牛、纵狗斗熊以及斗狗的大驯犬，最终并不是因为它的凶狠而是因为它的驯顺命名。要找到这种驯顺，我们必须回溯到mastiff 的最终拉丁语词源 mansuetus 意为“驯服，驯养”， 该词本身源于manusuescere “驯养”的过去分词， 由man- 构成， 始于manus （意为“手”）和动词 suesere “适应，习惯于”。 被驯养的野兽习惯于驯养者的手。要知道mansuecere 如何成 mastiff ， 我们必须紧跟它在俗拉丁语中的发展，mansuetinus （“驯服的”）以及后来古法语的发展 mastin “猛犬”。 当mastin 一词借用到英语中时，它可能和古法语词 mestif （“杂种狗”）相混合， 还可能受中世纪拉丁语词mastivus （“大驯犬”）的影响， 但也许这个词本身就是同样作为古法语词来源于俗拉丁语的mastinus 的误写。 Mastiff 在1387年的一部作品中首次出现在中世纪英语里（当时写作 mastif ） 〔rant〕a dictator who ranted his vitriol onto a captive audience.一个向驯服的听众们大声兜售尖刻观点的独裁者〔break〕To train to obey; tame:训练使服从；驯服：〔hobbit〕An imaginary creature resembling a diminutive human being, having some rabbitlike characteristics, and being naturally peace-loving, domestic, and sociable.小矮人：一种类似于矮人的想象中的动物，有一些兔子的特征，生性酷爱和平、驯服及易于交往〔horse〕A large hoofed mammal(Equus caballus) having a short-haired coat, a long mane, and a long tail, domesticated since ancient times and used for riding and for drawing or carrying loads. 马：体形较大的有蹄哺乳动物（野马） ，体毛较短，鬃毛较长，尾长，自古就被人驯服，用作坐骑或拖拉运送货物 〔break〕To train or adapt for a purpose.驯服，习惯于：为一目的而训练或使…适应〔mastiff〕from Latin mānsuētus [past participle of] mānsuēscere [to tame] 源自 拉丁语 mānsuētus mānsuēscere的过去分词 [驯养，驯服] 〔feral〕Having returned to an untamed state from domestication.从驯服到变野的状态的〔bust〕To break or tame (a horse).驯服：截住或驯服（马）〔break〕To cause to give up a habit:使放弃习惯；驯服：〔sheep〕One who is easily swayed or led.驯服的人：易于摆布或领导的人〔sheepish〕Meek or stupid.驯服的：温顺的或愚蠢的〔clever〕"Oxen must be pretty clever to be bossed around the way they are"(Dialect Notes)“牛必须要很驯服才能接受指挥”(方言注释)〔master〕To reduce to subjugation; break or tame (an animal, for example).使驯服：使平息；削弱或驯服（如动物）〔reclaim〕To tame (a falcon, for example).驯服：驯（例如，一只隼）〔broncobuster〕One who breaks wild horses to the saddle.驯马师：将野马驯服套上鞍的人〔prone〕"the prostrate trunk of a coconut tree" (Herman Melville).The word often implies that a prone or a supine position has been assumed out of humiliation, submission, helplessness, or physical or emotional incapacity: “椰子树的直树干” （海默·梅尔维尔）。这个词经常暗示被认为是屈辱、驯服、无助或身体或感情的无能的一种俯卧或仰卧姿势： 〔passive〕One that is submissive or inactive. Often used in the plural:被动者：驯服或不活跃的人。常常以复数形式出现：〔familiar〕Domesticated; tame. Used of animals.驯服的：家养的；驯服的。用于动物〔housebroken〕Trained to be docile or compliant.经训练而变得温顺驯服的〔passive〕Accepting or submitting without objection or resistance; compliant.顺从的：无反对或反抗的接受或忍受的；驯服的〔halter〕A device made of rope or leather straps that fits around the head or neck of an animal and is used to lead or secure the animal.缰绳：用绳子或皮带条制的器具，套在动物的头或颈上以用来驱赶或驯服它〔roughrider〕A skilled rider of little-trained horses, especially one who breaks horses for riding.善骑烈马的人：尤指善于驯服烈马供人骑的人〔gentle〕To tame or break (a domestic animal, for instance):驯服：使（例如家畜）驯服或饲养：〔satellite〕A subservient follower; a sycophant.随从：驯服的跟随者；谄媚者〔busted〕Tamed or broken:驯服的，被制服的： |
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