| 单词 | 骚扰 |
| 释义 | 〔abrade〕To make weary through constant irritation; wear down spiritually.折磨：不停地骚扰而使疲惫；精神上的折磨〔still〕 Still implies lack of motion or disturbance;the term often connotes rest or tranquillity: Still 的意思是没有运动或骚扰，常表示静止或平静： 〔partisan〕A member of an organized body of fighters who attack or harass an enemy, especially within occupied territory; a guerrilla.游击队员：有组织的战斗团体中从事袭击和骚扰敌人的成员，尤指在被占领土内；游击队员〔worry〕To attack roughly and repeatedly; harass.骚扰：不断粗暴地侵袭；折磨〔harass〕A gang of delinquents harried the storekeeper.一群街头流氓不断骚扰店主。〔rankle〕A persistent resentment, a festering sore, and a little snake are all coiled together in the history of the wordrankle. "A little snake" is the sense of the Latin worddracunculus to whichrankle can be traced, dracunculus being a diminutive of dracō, "snake.” The Latin word passed into Old French, asdraoncle, having probably already developed the sense "festering sore,”because some of these sores resembled little snakes in their shape or bite.The verbdraoncler, "to fester,” was then formed in Old French. The noun and verb developed alternate forms without thed-, and both were borrowed into Middle English, the nounrancle being recorded in a work written around 1190, the verbranclen, in a work probably composed about 1300. Both words had literal senses having to do with festering sores.The noun is not recorded after the 16th century,but the verb went on to develop the figurative senseshaving to do with resentment and bitterness with which we are all too familiar.Rankle 这个词有不停的埋怨、折磨人的疼痛以及小蛇这三个意思。 “小蛇”是拉丁语dracunculus 的词义， 该词同时也是rankle 的词源， dracunculus 是意为“蛇”的 daaco 的小词尾。 该拉丁词进入古法语成为draoncle 时， 可能已有“折磨人的痛苦”这一词义，因为这种痛苦类似于小蛇的形状和撕咬。意为“骚扰，折磨”的动词draoncle 形成于法语中。 名词和动词去掉d- 后发展了各自的形式并都被借入中古英语， 名词rancle 第一次记载于1190年的一部作品中， 动词ranclen 记载于大约作于1300年的一部作品中。 两个词的本义都与“折磨人的疼痛”有关。名词在16世纪后就不见使用了，但动词却不断发展，后来便有了我们熟知的与抱怨和恼怒相关的比喻义了〔badger〕To harry or pester persistently.See Synonyms at harass 困扰，纠缠：不断地掠夺或骚扰 参见 harass〔assassin〕At first glance, one would be hard-pressed to find a link between pleasure and the acts of assassins.Such was not the case, however, with those who gave us the wordassassin. They were members of a secret Islamic order originating in the 11th centurywho believed it was a religious duty to harass and murder their enemies.The most important members of the order were those who actually did the killing.Having been promised paradise in return for dying in action, the killers,it is said, were made to yearn for paradise by being given a life of pleasure that included the use of hashish.Hence, the name for the secret order as a whole,ḥaššāšīn, "hashish users.” After passing through French or Italian, the word came into English and is recorded in 1603 with reference to the Moslem assassins.开始接触这个词，可能不容易看出暗杀者的乐趣与行为的联系。但是，对于给我们assassin 这个词的人来说，并不是这样。 他们是伊斯兰秘密团体的成员，该团体源自11世纪，他们认为骚扰并杀死他们的敌人是他们的宗教义务。该团体中最重要的成员是实际行使暗杀者。由于暗杀者被许诺进入天堂以作为对可能在行动中被杀的回报，据说为促使他们对天堂的热切渴望，先给予他们一种包括使用大麻麻醉剂乐趣的生活。这样hassasin “大麻使用者”就成了该秘密团体的名称。 这个词经过法语或意大利语进入英语，1603年记录下来，指穆斯林暗杀者。〔torment〕A source of harassment, annoyance, or pain.使人痛苦的东西：骚扰，烦恼或痛苦的来源〔chivvy〕To vex or harass with petty attacks:骚扰：用小规模的不断攻击使…烦恼或骚扰：〔harass〕The landlord harassed tenants who were behind in their rent.房东不断地骚扰拖欠房租的房客。〔harry〕To disturb or distress by or as if by repeated attacks; harass.See Synonyms at harass 一再骚扰：以反复的攻击或类似方式来烦扰；骚扰 参见 harass〔worry〕"Don't worry" is a much milder injunction than it once would have been,for the wordworry has softened its sense greatly over the course of its history. Its Old English ancestor,wyrgan, meant "to strangle.” Its Middle English descendant,worien, kept this sense and developed the new sense "to grasp by the throat with the teeth and lacerate" or "to kill or injure by biting and shaking.” This is the way wolves or dogs might attack sheep, for example.In the 16th centuryworry began to be used in the sense "to harass, as by rough treatment or attack,” or "to assault verbally,” and in the 17th century the word took on the sense "to bother, distress, or persecute.”It was a small step from this sense to the main modern senses "to cause to feel anxious or distressed" and "to feel troubled or uneasy,” first recorded in the 19th century.与过去相比，“别担心”这句话的命令意味减少了许多，因为随着历史的变迁worry 这个词的“攻击性”意味大大削弱了。 其古英语中的前身wyrgan, 意为“扼杀”。 在中世纪英语中的worien 保留了这个意思并衍生出一个新意思“用牙齿咬住喉咙并且撕裂”或“咬住并来回甩动以杀死或伤害”。 例如，这是狼或狗袭击羊的方式。16世纪，worry 开始含有“以粗暴手段或袭击方式来骚扰”，“口头攻击”的意思， 到了17世纪这个词产生了“干扰、使焦虑和烦扰”的意思。19世纪，这个词义向前发展了一点，产生了适用于当代的主要意思“使感到焦虑或痛苦”和“感到烦恼或不安”〔chivvy〕political opponents who chivvied the senator.不断骚扰参议员的政敌们〔torment〕To annoy, pester, or harass.惹怒，骚扰或纠缠〔tumult〕The din and commotion of a great crowd.喧哗，吵闹：一大群人发出的吵闹声和骚扰〔conflict〕"Yet still the poachers came . . . for affrays in woods and on moors with liveried armies of keepers" (Patricia Morison).See also Synonyms at discord “仍有侵入者…不断到树林和荒野中对身着制服的守卫军队骚扰挑衅” （帕特里夏·莫里森） 参见同义词 discord |
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