| 单词 | 黑暗的 |
| 释义 | 〔still〕The parents stilled their child's fears of the dark.父母减轻了孩子对黑暗的恐惧〔umbra〕A dark area, especially the blackest part of a shadow from which all light is cut off.See Synonyms at shade 阴影：黑暗的地区，尤指所在光线都被隔绝的阴影中的最黑暗的区域 参见 shade〔sunless〕Being without sunlight; dark or overcast:无阳光的；黑暗的或多云的：〔murky〕Dark, dim, or gloomy:昏暗的：黑暗的、不清楚的或者阴暗的：〔attack〕Muggers often assault their victims on dark streets.歹徒时常在黑暗的街道上攻击被害者。〔penetrate〕keen eyes that penetrate the darkness.能看透黑暗的锐利眼睛〔gloom〕A partially or totally dark place, area, or location.黑暗处，阴暗处：部分或全都黑暗的地方、地区或位置〔Pelops〕pelios [dark] * see pel- 1pelios [黑暗的] * 参见 pel- 1〔tenebrific〕Serving to obscure or darken.产生阴沉或黑暗的〔lay〕Muggers lay for the unsuspecting pedestrian in the dark alley.拦路抢劫者等候在黑暗的小巷中准备袭击那些毫无防范的行人〔rayless〕"Hid by a rayless night"(Percy Bysshe Shelley)“在黑暗的夜幕下躲藏了起来”(珀西·比希·雪莱)〔shadowy〕Full of or dark with shadow.See Synonyms at dark 多阴影的：充满暗影或因暗影而黑暗的 参见 dark〔umbra〕The darkest region of a sunspot.太阳黑子中的最黑暗的区域〔tenebrific〕Gloomy; dark.阴沉的，黑暗的〔obscure〕Deficient in light; dark.黑暗的，不明亮的：光线不足的；黑暗的〔obfuscate〕fuscāre [to darken] from fuscus [dark] fuscāre [使暗] 源自 fuscus [黑暗的] 〔Cimmerian〕Very dark or gloomy.幽暗的：极为黑暗的或阴森森的〔dingy〕Darkened with smoke and grime; dirty or discolored.黑暗的：由于烟与灰尘而阴暗的；肮脏的或褪色的〔flash〕Moonlight glanced off the windows of the darkened building.月光照在黑暗的建筑物的窗户上。〔gray〕Dull or dark:昏暗的或黑暗的：〔gloomy〕Partially or totally dark, especially dismal and dreary:黑暗的，阴暗的，尤指阴郁的：〔envelop〕"Accompanying the darkness, a stillness envelops the city"(Curtis Wilkie)“随着黑暗的降临，静寂笼罩了城市”(柯蒂斯·威尔基)〔shade〕An area or a space of partial darkness.阴影：部分黑暗的区域或空间〔stygian〕Gloomy and dark.阴森森的，黑暗的〔somber〕Dull or dark in color.暗的：颜色暗淡的或黑暗的〔shade〕The central meaning shared by these nouns is "an area of comparative darkness resulting from the blocking of light rays": 这些名词共有的中心意思是“因光线被挡而产生的相对黑暗的区域”： 〔Conrad〕Polish-born British novelist noted as a master of atmosphere and narrative technique. His works includeLord Jim (1900), Heart of Darkness (1902), and Nostromo (1904). 康拉德，约瑟夫：(1857-1924) 波兰裔英国小说家，一位擅长环境描写和叙事技巧的大师。他的作品包括《吉姆老爷》 （1900年）、 《黑暗的心》 （1902年）和 《诺斯罗姆》 （1904年） 〔black〕Having little or no light:黑暗的：几乎或没有光亮的：〔worm〕"felt the black worm of treachery growing in his heart"(Mario Puzo)“一种黑暗的背叛力量在他心中升起”(马里奥·普佐)〔amaurosis〕from amauros [dark] 源自 amauros [黑暗的] 〔sunbeam〕The period of European history from the 5th to the 11th century,although often called the Dark Ages,in fact did much to preserve and extend the light of civilization.One of the relatively minor contributions of the time, albeit a fortunate one for us, is the addition of the wordsunbeam to the English language. The word is believed to have entered English in the 9th century through the work of the English king Alfred the Great. A scholar as well as a king, Alfred undertook a number of translations of great Latin writings,rendering them into the English of his time, now known as Old English.Among the works translated during Alfred's reign was a store of narratives and information about England's earliest connections with the Church,called theHistoria Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum, or The Ecclesiastical History of the English People, a work composed by the Venerable Bede. Several times in his book Bede uses the Latin phrasecolumna lucis, which we would today translate as "a column of light.”Since the Old English translator did not have the wordcolumn in his vocabulary, he substituted the word beam, which meant "a tree" or "a building post made from a tree.”Columna lucis thus became sunnebeām, or "sun post,” which survives as our sunbeam. Ifsunbeam is perhaps a less stately expression than "column of light,” it has nevertheless served us well. From it the wordbeam alone came to mean "a ray or rays of light"; it subsequently became a verb meaning "to radiate.”It now allows us not only to beam with pride or happinessbut also to beam our broadcasts to other countries and ourselves, as some would have it, through space.Column would never do. 欧洲历史上从5世纪到11世纪这段时期，尽管经常成为黑暗的年代，但为保存和发展文明之光做了很多努力。这个时期相对不太重要的贡献之一，但对我们来说 十分幸运的就是阳光光束 这个单词加进了英语语言中。 人们相信这个词是通过英格兰国王阿尔费雷德大帝的努力于9世纪进入英语的。阿尔费雷德不仅是位国王，他还是位学者，他着手翻译了许多部重要的拉丁文作品，他将它们译成他那个时代的英文，即现在所说的古英语。在阿尔费雷德统治时期翻译的作品中，有一部有关于英格兰与教会的最早联系的丰富叙述和信息，书名是Historia Ecclesiastic Gentis Anglorum 或 The Ecclesiastical History of the English People （英国人民的基督教历史），作者是尊敬的比德。 在这本书中，比德数次使用了拉丁文短语columna hucis ， 今天我们将其译为“一束阳光”。因为古英语翻译家在他所掌握的词汇中还没有column （柱子）这个词，所以他用 beam 这个词代替， 当时的意思是“树”或“用树做成的建筑物的支柱”。Columna lucis 就这样成了 sunnebeam 或“光束”， 它以 sunbeam 的形式存在。 或许sunbeam（阳光光束） 这种表达方法不如“光柱”这么堂皇，但是它很合我们用。 由此，beam 这个词单独也可作“一束光或多束光”讲， 而且它逐渐地变成了动词，意思是“发射，发光”。现在我们不仅可以说因骄傲或幸福而散发光彩，还可以说通过大气向其它国家和我们自己广播，如果他们进行的话。Column 可不行 〔crepuscule〕from creper [dark] 源自 creper [黑暗的] 〔dark〕Lacking or having very little light:黑暗的：缺乏或只有少量光线的：〔night〕"In a real dark night of the soul it is always three o'clock in the morning"(F. Scott Fitzgerald)“凌晨三点钟往往是灵魂最黑暗的时候”(F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德)〔exceeding〕a night of exceeding darkness.极度黑暗的一夜〔clear〕Free from what dims, obscures, or darkens; unclouded:清澈的，光亮的：不模糊、不阴暗或不黑暗的；明朗的：〔dungeon〕A dark, often underground chamber or cell used to confine prisoners.地牢：用来关押犯人的黑暗的，一般为地下的房间或小室 |
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