| 释义 |
bul·wark AHD[b‹lʹwərk, -wôrk', bŭlʹ-] D.J.[ˈbʊlwək, -ˌwɔːk, ˈbʌl-]K.K.[ˈbʊlwək, -ˌwɔrk, ˈbʌl-]n.（名词）- A wall or embankment raised as a defensive fortification; a rampart.堡垒，壁垒：用作防御工事的墙或土堤；壁垒
- Something serving as a defense or safeguard:防御物：用来防御或保护的东西："We have seen the necessity of the Union, as our bulwark against foreign danger"(James Madison)“我们已看到联盟的必要性，就如同建立用来抵御敌国入侵危险的壁垒一样必要”(詹姆斯·麦迪逊)
- A breakwater.防波堤，挡浪板
- Often bulwarks Nautical The part of a ship's side that is above the upper deck. 常作 bulwarks 【航海】 舷墙：比上中板还高的船侧的一部分
v.tr.（及物动词）bul.warked, bul.wark.ing, bul.warks - To fortify with a wall, an embankment, or a rampart.用堡垒防护：用墙、土堤或壁垒防御
- To provide defense or protection for.为…提供防御或保护
- Middle English bulwerk 中古英语 bulwerk
- from Middle Dutch bolwerk 源自 中古荷兰语 bolwerk
- from Middle High German bolwerc 源自 中古高地德语 bolwerc
- bole [plank] * see bhel- 2bole [板条，厚板] * 参见 bhel- 2
- werc [work] from Old High German * see werg- werc [工事，工程] 源自 古高地德语 * 参见 werg-
bulwark, barricade, breastwork, earthwork, rampart, bastion, parapet- All of these nouns refer literally to structures used as a defense against attack. A这些名词的书面意思都具指用以抵御进攻的结构。
- bulwark can be a mound of earth, an embankment, or a wall-like fortification. Bulwark 可以是土堆、土堤或象墙的防御物。
- Barricade pertains broadly to a barrier to passage but usually implies hasty construction to meet an imminent threat. Barricade 更确切地说是阻塞通道的障碍物，但更多指用于应付紧急威胁的仓促建筑。
- Breastwork denotes a low defensive wall,especially a temporary one hurriedly built. Breastwork 指低矮的防御墙，尤指匆忙建造的临时性防御墙。
- Earthwork is a defensive construction of earth. A Earthwork 是土木做的防御工事。
- rampart, the main defensive structure around a guarded place, is permanent, high, and broad. A Rampart 指被保护区域周围的主要防御结构，永久、高大且宽阔。
- bastion is a projecting section of a fortification from which defenders have a wide range of view and fire. Bastion 指防御工事上突出的部分，在此防御者可以有一个开阔的观察和射击范围。
- Parapet applies to any low fortification, typically a wall atop a rampart.Of these wordsbulwark, barricade, rampart, and bastion are the most frequently used to refer figuratively to something regarded as being a safeguard or a source of protection: Parapet 指低矮的防御工事，典型的是壁垒上的墙。Bulwark, barricade, rampart 和 bastion 这些词是最常用来指那些被认为是防御或保护物的东西的词： "The only sure bulwark of continuing liberty is a government strong enough to protect the interests of the people, and a people strong enough and well enough informed to maintain its sovereign control over its government" (Franklin D. Roosevelt). “唯一能保持持久和平的真正武器是一个能保护国民利益的强大政府和一个能保持对政府的主权控制的强大民族” （富兰克林·D·罗斯福）。 It was impossible to break through her barricade of reticence.要打破她沉默的“壁垒”简直是不可能的。"There is no rampart that will hold out against malice" (Molière). “面对恶意，没有能坚持住的壁垒” （莫里哀）。 A free press is one of the bastions of a democracy. 自由的新闻业是民主的壁垒之一
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