| 释义 |
spon·ta·ne·ous AHD[spŏn-tāʹnē-əs] D.J.[spɒnˈteɪniːəs]K.K.[spɑnˈteniəs]adj.（形容词）- Happening or arising without apparent external cause; self-generated.自然产生的：非由显然的外力诱发或产生的；自我生成的
- Arising from a natural inclination or impulse and not from external incitement or constraint.内在冲动的：由于自然倾向或冲动且非外部刺激或者强制而引起的
- Unconstrained and unstudied in manner or behavior.无约束的，不须学习的：在仪表或行为上无约束或无须学习的
- Growing without cultivation or human labor; indigenous.自然生长的：不用耕作或人类劳动而生长的；天生的
- From Late Latin spontāneus [of one's own accord] 源自 后期拉丁语 spontāneus [出于自己的原因]
- from Latin sponte * see (s)pen- 源自 拉丁语 sponte * 参见 (s)pen-
spontaʹneously adv.（副词）spontaʹneousness n.（名词）spontaneous, impulsive, instinctive, involuntary, automatic- These adjectives mean acting, reacting, or happening without apparent forethought, prompting, or planning.这些形容词的意思是没有显然地事前考虑、外力推动和计划而行动、反应或发生。
- Spontaneous applies to what arises naturally rather than resulting from external constraint or stimulus: Spontaneous 指自然发生而非由于外部强制或刺激的结果： The two suddenly embraced in a spontaneous gesture of affection.两个人因爱而突然自发地拥抱在一起。"The highest and best form of efficiency is the spontaneous cooperation of a free people" (Woodrow Wilson). “效率的最高和最好的形式是让人们自由地协作” （伍德罗·威尔森）。
- Impulsive refers to the operation of a sudden urge or feeling not governed by reason: Impulsive 指不被某种原因决定的冲动或情感的作用： Letting her friend borrow her car was an impulsive act that she immediately regretted.让朋友借走她的车是她立刻就感到后悔的冲动行为。
- Instinctive implies behavior prompted by instinct as a natural consequence of membership in a species: Instinctive 意味由本能而引发的行为，是某一种类成员的自然结果： "Nor is head-hunting, body-snatching, or killing for food instinctive or natural" (Bronislaw Malinowski).The term also applies to what reflects or comes about as a result of a natural inclination or innate impulse: “既不是为捕猎头，或为获得身体，也不是本能地或自然地为了食物而杀害” （布劳内斯罗·马林诺夫斯基）。这个词也应用于作为一种自然倾向或因内在冲动而产生的后果： Offering to help the accident victims seems as instinctive as breathing.对意外受难者的帮助就象呼吸一样出于本能。
- Involuntary refers to what is not subject to the control of the will: Involuntary 指不受制于意志控制的东西： "It [becoming a hero] was involuntary. They sank my boat" (John F. Kennedy). “非自愿地［成为一个英雄］ 。他们推我下船” （约翰·F·肯尼迪）。
- Automatic suggests the unthinking, unfeeling functioning of a machine;it implies an unvarying mechanical response or reaction: Automatic 指不经过思考的，没有感觉的机器运行；它意味着一种没有变化的机械反应或反响： She accepted the subpoena with an automatic "thank you.” 她接受了传票，随口说了声“谢谢你”
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