| 释义 |
stiff AHD[stĭf] D.J.[stɪf]K.K.[stɪf]adj.（形容词）stiff.er, stiff.est - Difficult to bend; rigid.硬的：不易弯曲的；硬的
- Not moving or operating easily or freely; resistant:不活动自如的：不能轻松地或自由地运转或移动的；抵抗的：a stiff hinge.不易活动的枢纽
- Lacking ease or comfort of movement; not limber:不灵活的：运动中缺乏轻松或舒适；不柔软的：a stiff neck.僵硬的脖子
- Drawn tightly; taut.被拉紧的；紧的
- Rigidly formal.非常正式的
- Lacking ease or grace.不自然的：缺乏悠闲和温雅的
- Not liquid, loose, or fluid; thick:稠的：非液态的，不松散的，不流动的；稠厚的：stiff dough.稠厚的面团
- Firm, as in purpose; resolute.倔强的：目标坚定的；坚决的
- Having a strong, swift, steady force or movement:强大的：具有强有力的、快而稳的力量或动作：a stiff current; a stiff breeze.强海流；强风
- Potent or strong:有效力的，强烈的：a stiff drink.烈洒
- Difficult, laborious, or arduous:难的，费力的：难的、费力的或艰辛的：a stiff hike; a stiff examination.艰难的跋涉；很难的考试
- Difficult to comprehend or accept; harsh or severe:严厉的：难以理解或接受的；严的或严厉的：a stiff penalty.严厉的惩罚
- Excessively high:过高的：a stiff price.过高的价格
- Nautical Not heeling over much in spite of great wind or the press of the sail.【航海】 不易倾倒的：尽管有很大的风或帆承受的压力很大也没有移动多少的
adv.（副词）- In a stiff manner:僵硬地：以一种僵硬的方式：frozen stiff.冻硬的
- To a complete extent; totally:完全地；全部地：bored stiff.烦死了
n.Slang（名词）【俚语】- A corpse.死尸
- A person regarded as constrained, priggish, or overly formal.过于拘谨的人：被认为刻板、自负或过于正经的人
- A drunk.醉鬼
- A person:一个人：a lucky stiff; just an ordinary working stiff.一个幸运的家伙；不过是个平常的蓝领工人
- A hobo; a tramp.流浪工人；流浪汉
- A person who tips poorly.吝啬鬼：小费给得少的人
v.tr.（及物动词）stiffed, stiff.ing, stiffs 【俚语】 - To tip (someone) inadequately or not at all, as for a service rendered:不给小费，小费给得很少：对于所给予的服务给（某人）不恰当的小费或根本不给小费：paid the dinner check but stiffed the waiter.付了晚饭的帐但没给侍者小费
- To cheat (someone) of something owed:欠而不给：骗取（某人）欠的东西：My roommate stiffed me out of last month's rent.我的室友骗走了我上个月的房租
- To fail to give or supply (something expected or promised).失信：没给予或供给（担保的或期望的东西）
- Middle English 中古英语
- from Old English stīf 源自 古英语 stīf
stiffʹish adj.（形容词）stiffʹly adv.（副词）stiffʹness n.（名词）stiff, rigid, inflexible, inelastic, tense- These adjectives are compared as they describe what is very firm and does not easily bend or give way.当描绘较硬的不容易弯曲或变形的东西时，这些形容词通常有所区别。
- Stiff, the least specific,refers to what can be flexed only with difficulty ( Stiff 是最不具体的，指仅费些劲就能被弯曲的东西( a brush with stiff bristles;有硬毛的刷子；a stiff collar); with reference to persons it often suggests a lack of ease, cold formality, or fixity, as of purpose: 硬领)； 指人时常指缺乏轻松的、僵硬的礼节或目标的固定： "stiff in opinions" (John Dryden).“立场坚定” （约翰·德赖登）。
- Rigid andinflexible apply to what cannot be bent without damage or deformation ( Rigid 和inflexible 指必须造成损伤或变形才能被弯曲的东西( a table made of rigid plastic;硬塑料做的桌子；an inflexible knife blade); figuratively they describe what does not relent or yield: 不弯的刀锋)； 它们的比喻意义是描述不宽容或不屈服的东西： "under the dictates of a rigid disciplinarian" (Thomas B. Aldrich). “在一个严厉的厉行纪律者的独裁下” （汤姆斯·B·阿尔德里奇）。 "In religion the law is written, and inflexible, never to do evil" (Oliver Goldsmith).“宗教认为法令是成文的、不能宽容的和永不作恶的” （奥立佛·高斯密斯）。
- Inelastic refers largely to what lacks elasticityand so will not stretch and spring back without marked physical change: Inelastic 大体上指缺乏伸缩性的东西，因此在伸展并收缩回时必有显著的形体变化： an inelastic substance.无伸缩性的东西。
- Tense means stretched tight;it is applied literally to body structures such as musclesand figuratively to what is marked by tautness or strain: Tense 指拉紧的；在字面上用于身体结构，如肌肉，比喻意义用于非常紧或紧张的东西： "that tense moment of expectation" (Arnold Bennett).“紧张的期待时刻” （阿诺德·白纳德）
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