| 单词 | 一所 |
| 释义 | 〔storefront〕Operating in a room or suite of rooms in a commercial building at street level:在一楼工作的：在一所商业大楼齐街水平的房间或一组房间里操作的：〔decentralize〕decentralize a university complex; decentralize a museum.分散一所综合性大学；分散一座博物馆〔hall〕Thehalls of academe and city hall remind us that what we commonly mean by the wordhall, "a passageway, an entrance room,” represents a shrunken version of whathall once commonly designated. Going back to the Indo-European rootkel- 1, "to cover,” the Old English wordheall, ancestor of our hall, referred to "a large place covered by a roof, whether a royal residence, an official building, or a large private residence, or a large room in a residencewhere the public life of the household is carried on.”These senses and related ones are still in use,as is attested bytown hall and halls of academe. Our common use of the termhall for a vestibule or a corridor harks back to medieval times when the hall was the main public room of a residenceand people lived much less privately than now.As private rooms in houses took on the importance they have today,the hall lost its function.Hall also had come to mean any large room, and the vestibule was at one time one of the main sitting rooms in a house,but this sort of room has largely disappeared also,andhall has become the designation for the small vestibule of today as well as for an entrance passage or any passageway.halls of academe 以及 city hall 提醒我们注意： 我们通常把hall 这个词定义为“走廊，门厅”， 反映出hall 这词当初设定时的通常含义的种种痕迹。 追溯到该词的印欧语词根kel- 1， 意思是“去覆盖”， 我们hall 这个词的来源是古英语中 heall 这个词， 它指的是“一个有屋顶覆盖的大地方或者属于皇室住宅、政府建筑或是一座大的私人府第或者是一所住宅中的大房子，主人在其中进行社交活动”。这些概念或与之相关的意思直到今天还有，比如说town hall 和 halls of academe 。 我们现在一般所用的，把hall 当作门厅或走廊的用法可以追溯到中世纪， 那时大厅是居住者的最主要的起居室，人们生活还没有今天这么隐私化，于今日个人房间在生活中占主要地位，大厅失去了它当年的功用。Hall 还曾意味着大房间， 而门厅在过去一段时间内曾是房屋中主要的一处起居室，但这样的房子大部分也都消失了，而hall 的意思已经变成指那些当今小的走廊， 或者是进出口处的走廊，或者是随便哪个走廊〔floruit〕The period during which a person, school, or movement was most active or flourishing.繁盛期：一个人、一所学校或一种运动最具活力或最繁荣的时期〔founder〕the founder of a university; the founders of a new nation.一所大学的创办人；一个新民族的奠基人〔casino〕The history of the wordcasino reveals a transformation from a cottage to a gambling palace. The source of our word, Italiancasino, is a diminutive ofcasa, "house,” itself from Latincāsa, "cottage, hut, hovel.” Central to the transformation is the development of the senses ofcasino in Italian. The word was first applied to a country houseand then came to be used for a social gathering place,a room or building where one could dance, listen to music, and gamble. This last pastime seems to have gained precedence over the others,at least as far as the development of the word is concerned, andcasino took on the meaning "gambling establishment.” These senses of the Italian word have all been borrowed into English,the sense "social gathering place" being recorded first in the 18th century,the sense "gambling establishment" first in 1851.单词casino 的历史揭示了一个从村舍到赌场的转化。 我们这个意大利词casino 的来源， 是casa 的小字尾“房屋”， 而其本身也来自于拉丁语casa ，意思是“村舍、小屋、茅屋。” 对这一转化起中心作用的是casino 一词在意大利语中的意思发展。 起初，这个词被用来指一所乡间房屋，然后逐渐用它来指一个社交聚会场所，一个人们可以在那里跳舞、听音乐和赌博的房间或建筑物。这最后一种娱乐的地位似乎已在其他娱乐之上，至少就casino 这个词的发展来说是这样的，于是它开始有了“赌场”的含义。 这个意大利词的这些意义都已被借用到英语中；“社交聚会场所”这层意思在18世纪首次被记录下来，“赌场”的含义在1851年被首次记录下来〔hall〕The group of students using such a building:学生：一群正在使用这样一所建筑的学生：〔Harvard〕American cleric and philanthropist who left his library and half his estate to the college in Cambridge, Massachusetts, that now bears his name.哈佛，约翰：(1607-1638) 美国牧师和慈善家，此人将其一半财产和全部藏书赠给马萨诸塞州剑桥的一所大学，这所大学现以他的名字命名〔parameter〕an experimental school that keeps expanding the parameters of its curriculum.一所不断扩展课程范围的实验学校〔credit〕He received full credit for his studies at a previous school.他在一所先前的学校取得了所有课程的学分〔Londonderry〕A borough of northwest Northern Ireland northwest of Belfast. Built on the site of an abbey founded by Saint Columba in 546, it is a port and manufacturing center. Population, 68,000.伦敦德里：北爱尔兰西北部一自治社区，位于贝尔法斯特市西北。建在546年圣哥伦巴所造的一所男修道院的遗址上，为一港口和制造业中心。人口68,000〔stoop〕A small porch, platform, or staircase leading to the entrance of a house or building.门廊，露台：通向一所房屋或大楼的入口的小门廊、平台或楼梯间〔orderly〕an orderly universe.一所安排得有条不紊的大学〔Gray〕German-born American educator who was appointed president of the University of Chicago (1978), thus becoming the first woman to preside over a major American university.格雷，汉纳·霍尔伯恩：(生于 1930) 德裔美国教育家，曾被任命为芝加哥大学的校长（1978年）， 成为第一位主持一所美国重点大学的女性〔Salerno〕A city of southern Italy on theGulf of Salerno, an inlet of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Originally a Greek settlement and later a Roman colony (founded in 197 b.c. ), Salerno was the site of a noted medical school during the Middle Ages. Population, 157,243. 萨勒诺：意大利南部一城市，位于萨勒诺湾 边，该湾是第勒尼安海的一个水湾，最初是希腊人居住地，后来成为罗马殖民地( 公元前 197年建立），中世纪时期，萨勒诺是一所著名医学校的所在地。人口157,243 〔nongraded〕a nongraded elementary school.一所不分年级的初级学校〔able〕He was able to get himself accepted by a top law school. 他可以使自己被一所一流法律学校所录取。 〔order〕a house on the order of a mountain lodge.一所像山上小屋的房子〔cartulary〕A collection of deeds or charters, especially a register of titles to all the property of an estate or a monastery.契据登记簿：契约或契据集，尤指一处地产或一所修道院所有财产的所有权登记簿〔Scopes〕American teacher who violated a state law by teaching the theory of evolution in a Tennessee high school. His trial (July 1925) was a highly publicized confrontation between defense attorney Clarence Darrow and the director of the prosecution William Jennings Bryan. Scopes was found guilty and fined a nominal sum, but his conviction was later reversed on technical grounds.斯科普斯，约翰·托马斯：(1900-1970) 美国一教师，因在田纳西州的一所中学里讲授进化论而违反了州法。对他的审判（1925年7月）是辩护律师克拉仑斯·达柔和原告律师长威廉·詹尼斯·布赖恩之间的公开的高度对抗。斯科普斯被确认为有罪而且被罚了一点微不足道的罚金，但对他的判决后果由于技术方面的理由后来得到平反〔turn〕water that had been turned to ice; turn a rundown house into a show place.已变成冰的水；把一所破旧的房子改变成一个表演场所〔decker〕a three-decker apartment house; double-decker buses.一所有三层公寓的房子；双层公共汽车〔lazaretto〕Italian dialectal Nazareto [popular name for a hospital maintained in Venice by the Church of Santa Maria di Nazaret] 意大利方言 纳撒拉托 [一所由威尼斯纳撒拉特圣玛丽教堂主管的医院的通俗名字] 〔Brentwood〕An urban district of southeast England east-northeast of London. A grammar school in the district dates from the mid-16th century. Population, 72,700.布伦特伍德：英国东南部一市区，位于伦敦东北偏东。该区的一所中学可上溯到16世纪中叶。人口72,700〔Bourges〕A city of central France south-southeast of Orléans. It was a Roman provincial capital under Augustus and the site of a notable university that was founded by Louis XI in 1463 but abolished during the French Revolution. Population, 76,432.博格斯：法国中部一城市，位于奥尔良东南偏南。是奥古斯都时期的罗马首府。路易十一世于1463年在此地创办了一所著名的大学，但该校在法国大革命中被取消。人口76,432〔factory〕a group of singers who really were a hit-tune factory; an old house that served as an illegal drug factory.堪称优秀曲调的源泉的一组歌手；用作非法生产毒品的一所旧宅〔varsity〕The principal team representing a university, college, or school in sports, games, or other competitions.大学代表队：在运动会、游戏或其它竞赛中代表一所大学、大专或学校的主队〔disendow〕disendow a college.没收对一所大学的捐赠基金 |
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