| 单词 | 主人公 |
| 释义 | 〔psychobiography〕A biography that analyzes the psychological makeup, character, or motivations of its subject:心理传记：一种分析主人公心理构成，心理特征或动因的传记：〔antihero〕A main character in a dramatic or narrative work who is characterized by a lack of traditional heroic qualities, such as idealism or courage.反英雄：戏剧或叙事作品中缺乏传统英雄品格，如理想主义或勇气的主人公〔Lolita〕After Lolita , the heroine of Lolita, a novel by Vladimir Nabokov 源自 Lolita ，弗拉基米尔·那布科夫的小说 罗丽塔 中的主人公 〔Tarzan〕After Tarzan , the hero of a series of jungle tales by Edgar Rice Burroughs 源自 Tarzan ，爱德加·莱斯·巴勒斯所写的系列丛森冒险故事的主人公 〔Hiawatha〕Onondagan leader who is credited with the organization of the Iroquois confederacy. His name was given to the hero of Longfellow's poemThe Song of Hiawatha (1855). 海华沙：奥农达加领袖，曾组织易洛魁联盟。他的名字被用作朗费罗的长诗《海华沙之歌》 （1855年）中主人公的名字 〔tartuffe〕After the protagonist of Tartuffe , a play by Molière 源自 Tartuffe 的主人公，莫里哀所写 〔antagonist〕The principal character in opposition to the protagonist or hero of a narrative or drama.反面主角：叙事文学或戏剧中与主人公或英雄相对立的主要人物〔detective〕The first detective may have come into existence before the word itself.C. Auguste Dupin, Edgar Allan Poe's hero in "The Murders in the Rue Morgue,” which is considered the world's first real detective story,was introduced to the world in 1841.Nine years later we find the first recorded instance of the worddetective, although the phrases detective police and detective policeman, from which it was shortened, are recorded first in 1843. Hence, Dupin precedes all recorded instances ofdetective, just as he precedes all other detectives.第一个侦探在“侦探“这个词出现以前就出现了。C·奥古斯·杜平，埃德加·爱波·伦的小说《莫格街谋杀案》（这本书被认为是世界上第一本真正的侦探小说）中的主人公，在1841年被介绍给全世界。虽然词条detective police 和 detective policeman (detective就是这两者的缩写）首次被记载是在1843年，但九年后，我们才找到对 detective 这个词的第一次记载。 迄今为止，杜平最早记载detective ， 正如他就是最早的侦探一样〔Jefferson〕American actor noted for the title role in the stage adaptation of Washington Irving's story "Rip Van Winkle.”杰斐逊，约瑟夫：(1829-1905) 美国演员，因主演由华盛顿·欧文著的《见闻杂记》改编的舞台剧中主人公瑞普·凡·温克尔而闻名〔syphilis〕In 1530 Girolamo Fracastoro, a physician, astronomer, and poet of Verona,published a poem entitled "Syphilis, sive Morbus Gallicus,” translated as "Syphilis, or the French Disease.” In Fracastoro's poem the name of this dreaded venereal disease is an altered form of the hero's name,Syphilus. The hero, a shepherd, is supposed to have been the first victim of the disease. Where the nameSyphilus itself came from is not known for certain, but it has been suggested that Fracastoro borrowed the name from Ovid'sMetamorphoses. In Ovid's work Sipylus (spelledSiphylus in some manuscripts) is the oldest son of Niobe, who lived not far from Mount Sipylon in Asia Minor.Fracastoro's poem about Syphilus was modeled on the story of Niobe.Although the etymology involving Sipylus was known to the editors of theOxford English Dictionary, it was not accepted as their last word on the subject.C.T. Onions, one of the dictionary's editors, writing in theOxford Dictionary of English Etymology, says that “ Syphilus [the shepherd's name] is of unkn[own] origin.” Fracastoro went on to use the termsyphilis again in his medical treatise De Contagione, published in 1546. The word that Fracastoro used in Latin was eventually borrowed into English, being first recorded in 1718.1530年，吉罗拉莫·弗拉卡斯特罗，一位医生，天文学家，也是维罗纳的诗人，发表了名为"Syphius, sive Morbus Gallicus"的诗，译作“梅毒，或法国疾病”。在弗拉卡斯特罗的诗中，这种可怕的性病的名字是主人公名字 Syphilus（西弗乐斯） 的变体。 主人公是一名牧羊人，据认为是该病的第一个受害者。 Syphilus（西弗乐斯） 这一名字本身的来源并不明确， 但有人认为弗拉卡斯特罗是从奥维德的变形记 中借用的。 在奥维德的作品中，西皮卢斯（Sipylus）（有些版本写作Siphylus ）是尼俄柏的大儿子， 他住在小亚细亚的锡皮劳恩山附近。弗拉卡斯特罗的有关西弗乐斯的诗是以尼俄柏的故事为原型的。尽管牛津英语词典 的编者们知道有关西弗乐斯的词源， 这种词源解释还没有被最终确认下来。该词典的编者之一，C·T·奥尼恩斯在牛津英语词源 中写道“ 西弗乐斯 的词源不详”。 在弗拉卡斯特罗发表于1546年的医学论文传染病 中，他继续用 梅毒 这一词语。 弗拉卡斯特罗用的这一拉丁语词是终被借用进英语，其最早的记录出现于1718年〔ramona〕Possibly after Ramona , heroine of a novel by Helen Hunt Jackson 可能源自 Ramona ，海伦·亨特·杰克逊所著的小说中主人公 〔Lear〕The protagonist in Shakespeare's tragedyKing Lear, based on a legendary king of Britain. 李尔王：莎士比亚悲剧李尔王 中的主人公，取材于英国一国王的传奇故事 〔syphilis〕from Syphilus [the poem's protagonist] 源自 Syphilus [该诗的主人公] 〔Berlichingen〕German knight and folk hero known as the subject of Goethe's playGötz von Berlichingen (1773). 贝利欣根，格茨：(1480-1562) 德国骑士和民间英雄，因成为歌德的戏剧《铁手骑士葛兹·封·贝利欣根》 （1773年）的主人公而闻名 〔tragic〕tragic plays; the tragic hero.悲剧剧本；悲剧式主人公〔Scrooge〕After Ebenezer Scrooge , miserly protagonist of A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens 源自爱博尼 Scrooge ， 圣诞颂歌 中吝啬的主人公，由查尔斯·狄更斯所著 〔picaresque〕Of or relating to a genre of prose fiction that originated in Spain and depicts in realistic detail the adventures of a roguish hero, often with satiric or humorous effects.流浪汉体裁小说的：流浪汉体裁小说的，这种叙述性小说体源于西班牙，以现实主义的细节描写了一个流浪汉式主人公的历险，通常具有讽刺或幽默的效果；或关于这种小说的〔Canute〕King of England (1016-1035), Denmark (1018-1035), and Norway (1028-1035) whose reign, at first brutal, was later marked by wisdom and temperance. He is the subject of many legends.克努特：英格兰（1016-1035年）、丹麦（1018-1035年）及挪威国王（1028-1035年），其统治最初残暴，但后来因其睿智和宽容而出名。他是许多传奇故事的主人公〔biographee〕The subject of a biography.传记中的主人公〔Rouault〕French artist whose paintings, often of biblical figures, clowns, or prostitutes, are characterized by brilliant colors and black outlines.卢奥，乔治斯：(1871-1958) 法国艺术家，他的作品色彩明亮且轮廓暗淡，其中的主人公常是圣经中的人物、小丑或妓女〔bildungsroman〕A novel whose principal subject is the moral, psychological, and intellectual development of a usually youthful main character.教育小说：通常以年轻主人公的道德、心理和智慧发展为主题的小说 |
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