| 单词 | 南部英语 |
| 释义 | 〔holler〕One feature of Upper Southern English and specifically of Appalachian English is its pronunciation of the final unstressed syllable in wordssuch ashollow, window, and potato as (-er). Holler, winder, and tater (immortalized as the name of the baby in Snuffy Smith ) are merely variant pronunciations reflected in spelling. A nounholler has the specific meaning in the Appalachians of "a small valley between mountains": They live up in the holler underneath Big Bald Mountain. 上南部英语，尤其阿巴拉契亚山脉地区英语的一个特征是单词的最后一个不重读音的音标，如(-er)在hollow，window 和 potato 中。 Holler，winder 和 tater （因变成 脾气急躁的史密斯 中婴儿名字而被永远记住了）不仅仅是反应在拼写中的变体音标。 名词holler 在阿巴拉契亚人心目中有其特殊的意思“山脉间的小山谷”： 他们居住在大鲍尔迪山下的山谷里 〔favor〕When a Southernerfavors a relative, he or she is not giving that person special privileges;rather, the Southerner looks like that relative.Favor can be either transitive— She favors her father — or intransitive with a compound subject: She and her father favor. This sense offavor goes back to early modern English: "This young lord Chamont/Favors my mother" (Ben Jonson).The verb derives from the nounfavor, which was used from the 15th to the 19th century to mean "appearance, aspect; the countenance, face": "What makes thy favor like the bloodless head/Fall'n on the block?” (Tennyson).This sense of the noun is now archaic,but the verb thrives in the English of the Southern United States.当一个南方人favors 一个亲属， 他（或她）不是给这个人特权；而是这个南方人长得像那个亲属。Favor 可以是及物的—— 她像她父亲—— 或不及物的，与复合主语连用： 她和她父亲相象。 Favor 的这种含义可以上溯到早期的现代英语： “这个年轻的贵族像我妈妈” （本·杰森）。这动词来源于名词favor， 在15世纪到19世纪被作为“外貌，样子；面貌，脸部”的意思用： “什么使你的脸毫无血色，脑袋耷拉下来?” （坦尼森）。名词的这一用法现在已经陈旧了，但动词仍在美国南部英语中流行〔ramada〕One of the words Spanish contributed to the English of the American Southwest isramada, a term for an open porch. Ramada can also mean an openwork trellis constructed over a walkwayonto which climbing plants are trained;this sense illustrates the derivation of the word from Spanishrama, meaning "branch"— henceramada, "arbor, mass of branches.” The suffix-ada in Spanish denotes "a place characterized by (something).” Ramada might have remained a relatively obscure regional wordwere it not for its adoption in the name of a national chain of motels.对美国西南部英语起作用的一个西班牙单词是ramada ， 它的意思是开敞的门廊。 Ramada 的另一个意思是修建于人行道上方的一种露天棚架，上面培植有攀援植物；这个意思显示了本词源于西班牙语中的rama ，意思是“枝杈”—— 因此ramada 有“藤架和一片枝杈”的含义。 后缀-ada 在西班牙语中指“具有（某物）特征的地方”。 Ramada 这个词后来被用到了一家全国性汽车连锁旅馆的名字里，否则它可能总是一个不起眼的地方性词汇 |
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