| 单词 | 拉丁美洲 |
| 释义 | 〔bandoneon〕A small accordion especially popular in Latin America.班都尼昂琴：小手风琴，在拉丁美洲特别流行〔bibliography〕a bibliography of Latin American history.拉丁美洲历史的书目〔cacique〕An Indian chief, especially in the Spanish West Indies and other parts of Latin America during colonial and postcolonial times.酋长：印第安人 领袖，尤指殖民时代和殖民时代以前西班牙属西印度群岛和拉丁美洲的其它地区〔conga〕A dance of Latin-American origin in which the dancers form a long, winding line.康加舞：起源于拉丁美洲的一种舞蹈，由舞蹈者排成一个长队一起跳〔Hispanic〕There are a number of words denoting persons who trace their origins to a Spanish-speaking country or culture.Hispanic is the broadest of these terms, encompassing all Spanish-speaking peoples in both hemispheresand emphasizing the common denominator of language between communitiesthat sometimes have little else in common.It is widely used in both official and unofficial contextsand is entirely acceptable,although like the termSpanish American, it has occasionally been criticized as unduly emphasizing the role of European influences in shaping ethnic identity to the neglect of indigenous cultures.Latino is also in wide use, but it is somewhat less formal in most contextsand is generally restricted to persons of Latin-American descent.See Usage Note at Chicano 有许多单词表示那些来历或出身可以溯及西班牙语国家或文化的人，Hispanic 是这些词中应用最广泛的， 包括了两个半球所有讲西班牙语的民族，并且强调不同团体的语言上的共同特征，尽管它们在别的方面共同点很少。这个词被广泛地用于官方和非官方的语境中，并且被完全接受，尽管象Spanish American 一样， 偶然会有人批评它过分地强调在形成忽视本土文化的种族特性的欧洲影响。Latimo 应用得很广泛， 但在大多数语境下它不太正式，并且一般只限于有拉丁美洲血统的人 参见 Chicano〔Latin〕A member of a Latin people, especially a native or inhabitant of Latin America.拉丁美洲人：拉丁民族的成员，尤指拉丁美洲的土著人或居民〔Guevara〕Argentine-born Cuban revolutionary leader who was Fidel Castro's chief lieutenant in the Cuban revolution (1956-1959) and later served as minister of industry (1961-1965). Active in other Latin American revolutions, he was captured and executed by the Bolivian army.格瓦拉，恩斯托：(1928-1967) 生于阿根廷的古巴革命领袖，在古巴革命（1956-1959年）中是菲德尔·卡斯特罗的主要将领，后成为工业部长（1961-1965年）。在拉丁美洲其他革命中表现活跃，被玻利维亚军队俘获后杀害〔Welles〕American diplomat in Latin America. He helped formulate President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy (1933).韦尔斯，萨姆纳：(1892-1961) 美国拉丁美洲问题外交家。他帮助制定了弗兰克林·D·罗斯福的睦邻政策(1933年）〔annatto〕The seed of this plant, used as a coloring and sometimes as a flavoring, especially in Latin American cuisine.胭脂树籽：这种植物的种籽，用作染色品，有时作调味品，尤其在拉丁美洲的烹调中〔gringo〕Used as a disparaging term for a foreigner in Latin America, especially an American or English person.外国佬，老外：在拉丁美洲尤指对英、美外国人的贬义的称呼〔mantilla〕A lightweight lace or silk scarf worn over the head and shoulders, often over a high comb, by women in Spain and Latin America.披头纱巾：披在头和肩上的一种很轻的花边或丝绸纱巾，常盖在一个很高的发髻上，为西班牙和拉丁美洲的女子使用〔cacique〕A local political boss in Spain or Latin America.酋长：西班牙或拉丁美洲的地方政治首领〔Hispanic〕Of or relating to Spain or Spanish-speaking Latin America.西班牙的，西班牙语的：属于或关于西班牙的或拉丁美洲讲的西班牙语的〔gringo〕The wordgringo is an offensive term in Latin America for a foreigner, particularly an American or English person.But the word existed in Spanish before this particular sense came into being.In fact,gringo may be an alteration of the word griego, the Spanish development of LatinGraecus, "Greek.” Griego first meant "Greek, Grecian,”as an adjective and "Greek, Greek language,” as a noun.The saying "It's Greek to me" exists in Spanish,as it does in English,and helps us understand whygriego came to mean "unintelligible language" and perhaps, by further extension of this idea,"stranger, that is, one who speaks a foreign language.”The altered formgringo lost touch with Greek but has the senses "unintelligible language,” "foreigner, especially an English person,”and in Latin America, "North American or Britisher.”Its first recorded English use (1849) is in John Woodhouse Audubon'sWestern Journal: "We were hooted and shouted at as we passed through, and called ‘Gringoes.’”在拉丁美洲，gringo 一词是对外国人， 尤其是英美人的不尊敬的称呼。但在有这一特定含义之前这个词已存在于西班牙语之中。事实上，gringo 也许是 griego 一词的变体， 而后者则是西班牙语对拉丁语中Graecus “希腊的”一词的发展。 Griego 开始作形容词时意为“希腊的”； 作名词时意为“希腊，希腊语”。在西班牙语中也有“这对我来说象希腊语一样”的说法，这同英语中一样。这就帮我们理解为什么griego 开始有“胡说八道”的意思， 随着这层意思地延伸，就指“陌生人，即一个讲外语的人”。gringo 的变体已与希腊毫无关系而却有了“胡说八道”、 “外国人，尤指讲英语的人”等含义；在拉丁美洲它更指“北美人或英国人”。此词有记载的第一次在英语中的运用（1849年）是在约翰·伍德豪斯·奥杜邦的西部游记 中： “我们走过时四周都是叫喊声、怪叫声和‘外国佬’的叫骂声”〔Latina〕A Latino woman or girl.拉丁美洲妇女或女孩〔empanada〕A Spanish or Latin-American turnover with a flaky crust and a spicy or sweet filling.甜馅卷饼：一种西班牙或拉丁美洲的卷饼，带有片状脆片和香料或甜味馅〔estancia〕A large estate or cattle ranch in Spanish America.在拉丁美洲的大牧场或大庄园〔peon〕An unskilled laborer or farm worker of Latin America or the southwest United States.日工：拉丁美洲或美国西南部的不熟练的劳动力或农场工人〔padre〕Father. Used as a form of address for a priest in Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Latin America.神父：神父，在意大利、西班牙、葡萄牙以及拉丁美洲对教士的一种称谓形式〔latifundio〕A large landed estate in Spain or Latin America.大领土，广大耕地：在西班牙或拉丁美洲拥有的大片土地〔mozo〕In the world of pack trains and cattle roundups,amozo provides a useful pair of extra hands. Back home on the ranch,the mozo helps with odd jobs,especially heavy work around the house.In the southwest United Statesmozo has taken on a general sense of "assistant,” even in areas not related to ranching: "An enterprising deputy of the opposition Partido de Acción Nacional (PAN) called a quorum count, only to find that . . . many of the reclining figures occasionally raising their hands were mozos (attendants)” (Latin America).In fact, to call an assistant amozo is essentially to call him a "boy,” formozo is Spanish for "young man.” Even though a mozo may not be a boy in years,the word is not used disparagingly.In other languagesporters or guides are commonly referred to as "boys"—for example,gillie, from Scottish Gaelic gille, means "boy.” 在行李车上或养牛场里，一个mozo 很能帮上一把。 回到农场的家中，男佣帮着做各种杂活，尤其是重体力家务活。在美国西南地区mozo 一般是“服务员”的意思， 甚至在与农场无关的地方也是如此： “一个有胆量的PAN的代表要求法庭达到法定人数，但只发现…许多偶尔举手的、可依靠的人都是随从” （拉丁美洲）。实际上，把一个帮手称为mozo 是称他为“男孩”， 因为mozo 是西班牙语的“年轻人”。 尽管男孩在年龄上并不是个男孩了，但该词不按原意来使用。在别的语言中，看门小厮或保安通常也被称作“男孩”，例如：gillie 源自苏格兰方言 gille 意思是“男孩” 〔tendency〕Political conservatives fear a drift toward communism in Latin America.政治保守派们对拉丁美洲的共产主义倾向感到恐惧。〔latifundista〕The owner of a latifundio.大庄园园主：（西班牙或拉丁美洲）大领主、大庄园主〔real〕A silver coin formerly used in Spain and Latin America.雷阿尔：西班牙和拉丁美洲旧时曾使用过的一种银币〔posada〕A Christmas festival originating in Latin America that dramatizes the search of Joseph and Mary for lodging.（持烛游行的）圣诞节庆：起源于拉丁美洲的圣诞庆祝活动，象征着约瑟夫与玛利亚寻找住处〔vara〕A Spanish, Portuguese, and Latin-American unit of linear measure varying from about 81 to 109 centimeters (32 to 43 inches).瓦拉：西班牙、葡萄牙和拉丁美洲的直线度量单位，从大约81厘米到109厘米(32到43英寸）变化不等〔sofrito〕A sautéed mixture of seasonings and finely chopped vegetables, such as onions, garlic, and peppers, used as a base for many Spanish, Caribbean, and Latin American dishes.洋葱烩菜：调料和剁碎蔬菜，如洋葱、大蒜和辣椒炒熟的混合物，用作许多西班牙、加勒比海和拉丁美洲菜肴的基料〔gringa〕Used as a disparaging term for a foreign woman in Latin America, especially an American or English woman.外国姥：被用作为描述在拉丁美洲外国妇女的轻蔑用语，尤其是指美国或英国的妇女〔Latino〕A person of Hispanic, especially Latin-American, descent.See Usage Note at Hispanic 具有拉丁血统的人：西班牙人和葡萄牙人，尤指具有拉丁美洲人的血统的 参见 Hispanic〔Hispanic〕A U.S. citizen or resident of Latin-American or Spanish descent.美籍西班牙人：具有拉丁美洲或西班牙血统的美国公民或居民〔tango〕A Latin American ballroom dance in 2/4 or 4/4 time.探戈：一种四二拍或四四拍的拉丁美洲室内舞〔Haas〕American linguist best known for her comparative studies of Native American languages and for her many textbooks on languages of the Far East, especially Thai.哈斯，玛莉·罗莎蒙：美国语言学家，闻名于其拉丁美洲语言的比较研究及其许多以远东语言著作的教科书，尤其是泰文〔schistosomiasis〕Any of various generally tropical diseases caused by infestation with schistosomes, widespread in rural areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America through use of contaminated water, and characterized by infection and gradual destruction of the tissues of the kidneys, liver, and other organs. Also called bilharziasis ,snail fever 血吸虫病：由血吸虫传染引起的各种常见热带病，在非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲的乡村地区传播广泛，该病通过污染水的使用传播，其特征为肾、肝脏和其它器官组织的感染和逐渐损坏 也作 bilharziasis,snail fever〔Argentina〕A country of southeast South America stretching about 3,701 km (2,300 mi) from its border with Bolivia to southern Tierra del Fuego, an island it shares with Chile. Argentina is one of the most highly developed Latin American countries, with an economy based both on agriculture and on diversified industry. It proclaimed its independence from Spain in 1816. Buenos Aires is the capital and the largest city. Population, 27,947,446.阿根廷：南美洲东南的一个国家，从它与玻利维亚的边界，到与智利共有的岛屿火地岛，大约3,701公里(2,300英里）。阿根廷是拉丁美洲最高度发达的国家之一，经济基于农业及多样化工业。它于1816年宣布脱离西班牙而独立。布宜诺斯艾利斯是其首都及最大城市。人口27,947,446〔cuatro〕A small guitarlike instrument of Latin America, usually having four or five pairs of strings.拉丁吉他：一种拉丁美洲的类似吉他的小型乐器，通常有四对或五对琴弦〔parador〕A government-run country hotel in Spain or Latin America.官方旅馆，国家旅馆：一种在西班牙或拉丁美洲由政府创办经营的国家旅店〔Hispanist〕A specialist in Spanish language or literature or in the languages and literatures of Spain, Portugal, and Latin America.西葡文化研究者：精通西班牙语言或文学专家，西班牙、葡萄牙、拉丁美洲语言或文学专家〔conjunto〕A dance band, especially in Latin America, featuring brass, percussion, and rhythm instruments.以铜管乐器、打击乐器和节拍乐器为特征的舞蹈乐队，尤指拉丁美洲地区的〔cumbia〕A Latin-American dance originating among African slave populations on Colombia's Atlantic coast and characterized by short sliding steps.康比亚舞：为拉丁美洲的舞蹈，起源于在哥伦比亚大西洋的海岸上的非洲奴隶人口，特色为小滑步〔Churrigueresque〕Of or relating to a style of baroque architecture of Spain and its Latin-American colonies, characterized by elaborate and extravagant decoration.西班牙巴洛克建筑的：西班牙和其拉丁美洲殖民地的巴洛克建筑方式或与之相关的，以精细的和过分的装饰为特点 |
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