| 单词 | 用于比喻 |
| 释义 | 〔Xerox〕A trademark used for a photocopying process or machine employing xerography. This trademark often occurs in print in uppercase or lowercase as a verb, an adjective, and a noun:"Juicy stories circulated . . . in a book proposal that was Xeroxed and read as an alternate beach book in the Hamptons" (Washington Post). "Letters you send should be xeroxed after you sign them" (Progressive Architecture). "To walk around the . . . campus during the strike was to be confronted with their fact sheets, their xeroxed research summaries and news clips" (San Francisco Chronicle). "The group's teacher . . . asked the children how they would feel if they received a Xeroxed thank-you card" (New York Times). "He reaches inside his windbreaker to his shirt pocket. He has four or five sheets of foolscap, xeroxes, I see, of court documents" (Scott Turow). The trademark sometimes occurs in print in figurative contexts: 施乐：商标名，用于采用静电复印术的影印过程或机器。该商标常印刷为大写体或小写体，可作为动词、形容词和名词来使用：“在汉普顿斯，低俗的故事被印出后当作另一种消遣读物，夹在推荐书目中传阅” （华盛顿邮报）。 “您发出的信件应当在您签字后复印” （现代建筑）。 “在他们罢课期间只要围着校园走一走就会看到许多揭露真相的传单、复印的调查摘要和新闻简要（在游行中绕着营地走走就会面对许多事实传单，复印的研究略要和小道消息）” （旧金山年鉴）。 “老师问孩子们，当他们收到一张复印的致谢卡时有什么感觉” （纽约时报）。 “他伸到风衣里面去找衬衣口袋，我知道他有四五张复印的大页纸，我想，是法庭文件” （斯科特·丢诺）。这个商标有时用于比喻意义中： 〔dark〕opaque rock crystals); figuratively it applies to something that is unintelligible: 不透明的岩石晶体)； 它能用于比喻难以理解的事情： 〔Popsicle〕A trademark used for a colored, flavored ice confection with one or two flat sticks for a handle. This trademark sometimes occurs in lowercase in print:"The roast duck . . . is best avoided; it is the color of an orange popsicle and flabby" (Washington Post). It occurs in the plural: "The neighborhood children cavorted in the street buying snow cones and Popsicles" (Chicago Tribune). The trademark also occurs in figurative contexts: 棒冰：一种彩色的有香味的冰制甜食的商标名，这种冰棍装有一或两根扁木棍以便手持。这一商标名有时用小写体印刷：“烤鸭最不受欢迎；它有冰棍般的桔黄色且肉松而无味” （华盛顿邮报）。这个词也可用作复数： “邻近地区的孩子们在街上欢腾跳跃，竟相购买雪糕和冰棒” （芝加哥论坛报）。这一商标名也用于比喻： 〔vegetable〕When the speaker in Andrew Marvell's "To his Coy Mistress" tells his mistressthat "Had we but world enough, and time . . . /My vegetable love should grow/Vaster than empires and more slow,” he "makes one think of pumpkins and eternity in one breath,”as one critic has playfully suggested.However,vegetable in this case is used figuratively in the sense, "having the property of life and growth, as does a plant.”This use is based on the ancient religious and philosophical notion of the tripartite soul as interpreted by the Scholastics:thevegetative soul common to plants, animals, and humans; thesensitive soul common to animals and humans; and therational soul, found only in humans. “ Vegetable love" in Marvell's poem is thus a love that grows, takes nourishment, and reproduces,although it grows slowly.Marvell's use illustrates the original sense ofvegetable, first recorded in the 15th century.In a work published in 1582 we find recorded for the first time the adjective use ofvegetable familiar to us, "having to do with plants.” In a work of the same date appears the first instance ofvegetable as a noun, meaning "a plant.” It is not until the 18th century that we find the noun and adjective used in the more restricted way associated with the injunction "Eat your vegetables.”当安德鲁·马韦尔的“致他的羞涩情人”一诗中的说话者告诉他的情人 “如果我们有足够的世界和时间…/我的植物一样的爱会生长得/比帝国更广大、更慢”时，他“使人想起了南瓜以及一息之间的永恒，”某个批评家开玩笑似地说。然而，在这个情况下vegetable 是被用于比喻意义上的， 意思是“象植物一样具有生命和生长的性质”。这一用法是基于由经院哲学家所释的三重灵魂的古代宗教和哲学观念之上的：vegetative 的灵魂为植物、动物和人类共有； sensitive 的灵魂为动物和人类共有； 而rational 的灵魂却只存在于人类中。 因此马韦尔诗中的“植物的爱”是一种生长的、吸取营养并繁殖的爱，但是它长得很慢。马韦尔的这一用法指示了vegetable 的原先的含义， 最早记录于15世纪。在一部出版于1582年的作品中，我们第一次找到了已为我们熟悉的vegetable 一词的形容词用法的记录，意思是“与植物有关的”。 在同一时期的另一部作品中，出现了vegetable 作为名词用的第一个例子，意思是“植物”。 直到18世纪，我们才发现该名词和形容词被用于与“吃你的蔬菜”这一命令相关的更受限制的方式中 |
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