| 单词 | 种元素 |
| 释义 | 〔oxide〕A binary compound of an element or a radical with oxygen.氧化物：一种元素的二元化合物或氧原子团〔mineral〕An element, such as gold or silver.元素：一种元素，如金或银〔Moseley〕British physicist who determined that the atomic number of an element can be deduced from the element's x-ray spectrum.莫斯利，亨利·格温·杰弗里斯：(1887-1915) 英国物理学家，提出一种元素的原子序数能够从这种元素的X光射线光谱中推断出来〔Richards〕American chemist. He won a 1914 Nobel Prize for determining the atomic weight of more than 50 elements.理查兹，狄奥多尔·威廉：(1868-1928) 美国化学家，他因为确定了五十余种元素的原子量而获得1914年诺贝尔奖〔calcium〕A silvery, moderately hard metallic element that constitutes approximately 3 percent of the earth's crust and is a basic component of most animals and plants. It occurs naturally in limestone, gypsum, and fluorite, and its compounds are used to make plaster, quicklime, Portland cement, and metallurgic and electronic materials. Atomic number 20; atomic weight 40.08; melting point 842 to 848°C; boiling point 1,487°C; specific gravity 1.55; valence 2. See table at element 钙：一种银色的、硬度适中的金属元素，约占地壳中各种元素的百分之三，是多数动物和植物的基本组成物之一。自然存在于石灰石、石膏、氟石以及其它化合物之中，用于制造石膏、生石灰、硅酸盐水泥以及冶金和电子材料。原子序数20；原子量40.08；熔点842到848度；沸点1,487度；比重1.55；化学价2 参见 element〔potassium〕A soft, silver-white, highly or explosively reactive metallic element that occurs in nature only in compounds. It is obtained by electrolysis of its common hydroxide and found in, or converted to, a wide variety of salts used especially in fertilizers and soaps. Atomic number 19; atomic weight 39.102; melting point 63.65°C; boiling point 774°C; specific gravity 0.862; valence 1. See table at element 钾：只以化合物形式存在的柔软的，银白色的，极为活泼的金属元素。这种元素通过将其常见的氢氧化物进行电解而得到，存在于或转化成各种各样的盐，这些盐尤用于制造化肥及肥皂。原子序数为19；原子量39.102；熔点63.65°C；沸点774°C；比重为0.862；原子价为1 参见 element〔uranium〕A heavy silvery-white metallic element, radioactive and toxic, easily oxidized, and having 14 known isotopes of which U 238 is the most abundant in nature. The element occurs in several minerals, including uraninite and carnotite, from which it is extracted and processed for use in research, nuclear fuels, and nuclear weapons. Atomic number 92; atomic weight 238.03; melting point 1,132°C; boiling point 3,818°C; specific gravity 18.95; valence 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. See table at element 铀：银白色的重金属元素，有放射性并且有毒，容易被氧化。已知有14个同位素，其中U238是自然界含量最多的。这种元素存在如沥青铀矿和钒钾铀矿等几种矿中，并从中提炼和加工，主要用于研究，核燃料和核武器。原子序数为92；原子量为238.03；熔点为1,132°C；沸点3,818°C；比重18.95；化合价2，3，4，5，6 参见 element〔nonmetal〕Any of a number of elements, such as oxygen or sulfur, that lack the physical and chemical properties of metals.非金属：一种元素，如氧或硫，其没有金属的物理和化学性质〔azine〕A six-membered heterocyclic compound, such as pyridine, that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen with a ring structure resembling that of benzene.吖嗪，连氮：由六种元素构成的杂环化合物，如氮苯（吡啶），它由一个或更多的氮原子构成，呈环状结构，类似苯的结构〔allotropy〕The existence, especially in the solid state, of two or more crystalline or molecular structural forms of an element.同素异形现象：一种元素中有两种或更多的晶体或分子结构形式，特别是以固态存在的现象〔californium〕A synthetic element produced in trace quantities by helium isotope bombardment of curium. All isotopes are radioactive, chiefly by emission of alpha particles. Atomic number 98; mass numbers 244 to 254; half-lives varying from 25 minutes to 800 years. See table at element 锎：一种合成元素，由氦同位素轰击锔可得到微量的这种元素。所有同位素均是放射性元素，主要放射出α粒子。原子序数98；原子量244到254；半衰期从25分钟到800年不等 参见 element〔closed〕Characterized by or possessing the property by which an operation acting on an element in a set produces an element within the set.封闭集合的：特征是通过系统内作用于某元素的反应在系统内生成一种元素〔electrovalence〕Valence characterized by the transfer of electrons from atoms of one element to atoms of another during the formation of an ionic bond between the atoms.电价：在原子间形成离子键的过程中，由电子从一种元素的原子转移到另一种元素的原子所表示的价〔Bunsen〕German chemist who pioneered in spectrum analysis and codiscovered the elements casium and rubidium. He introduced the Bunsen burner in 1855.本生，罗伯特·威廉：(1811-1899) 德国化学家，是光谱分析领域的先驱，与人合作发现了铯和铷两种元素。1855年发明了本生灯 |
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