| 单词 | 第二个 |
| 释义 | 〔Rachel〕In the Old Testament, the second wife of Jacob and the mother of Joseph and Benjamin.拉结：圣经旧约中，雅各的一第二个妻子，约瑟夫和本杰明的母亲〔hegemony〕Hegemony may be stressed on either the second or first syllable, though 72 percent of the Usage Panel prefers the first pronunciation. Hegemony 这个词的发音，尽管用法专题使用小组的72%成员认为重音应放在第二个音节上，但实际上重音放在第一个或第二个音节上都是可以的 〔chiasmus〕A rhetorical inversion of the second of two parallel structures, as in交错配列：两个排比结构中第二个所用的修辞上的倒装，如：〔other〕Alternate; second:间隔的：交替的；第二个的：〔megalith〕A very large stone used in various prehistoric architectures or monumental styles, notably in western Europe during the second millenniumb.c. 巨石：各种史前建筑或纪念碑所用之巨型石块，尤见于公元前 第二个千年时之西欧 〔prime〕The second of the seven canonical hours. No longer in ecclesiastical use.第二个时间：七段祈祷时间中的第二段。基督教会中已废除〔complete〕A second child would complete their family.第二个孩子使他们的家更加完美了〔quiz〕Although we do not know the origin of the wordquiz, just as we may not know the answers to all the questions on a quiz,we can say that its first recorded sense has to do with people,not tests.The term, first recorded in 1782,meant "an odd or eccentric person.”From the noun in this sense came a verbmeaning "to make sport or fun of" and "to regard mockingly.”In English dialects and probably in American Englishthe verbquiz acquired senses relating to interrogation and questioning. This presumably occurredbecausequiz was associated with question, inquisitive, or perhaps the English dialect verb quiset, "to question" (probably itself short for obsoleteinquisite, "to investigate"). From this new area of meaning came the noun and verb senses all too familiar to students.The second recorded instance of the noun sense occurs in the writings of no less an educator than William James,who in a December 26, 1867, letter proffers the hopethat "perhaps giving ‘quizzes’ in anatomy and physiology . . . may help along.”虽然我们不知道quiz 这个词的来源， 正象我们可能并不清楚测试中所有问题的答案一样，但我们可以肯定的是这个词最初被记录时的意义与人有关，而不是测试，这个词第一次被记录下来是在1782年，意思为“一个古怪或行为怪诞的人”。从这种意义的名词派生出一个动词，意思为“嘲笑或戏弄…”和“以嘲讽的态度对待”。在英语并且很可能是在美国英语中，quiz 这个动词形成了有关审问或提问的意思， 据猜测，这一现象的发生是因为quiz 使人联想起 question ， inquisitive 或者可能 quiset 这个英国方言中的动词， 意思为“提问”（很可能是inquisite 这个过时用语的缩写形式，意思为“调查”）。 从这个意思中派生出学生们再熟悉不 过的名词和动词意思。记录下这个名词意义的第二个例子恰好出现在教育家威廉·詹姆斯的笔下。在1867年12月26日写的一封信中，他提出一条希望：或许在解剖学和物理学方面进行测试…可能有些独特的帮助。”〔nor〕The traditional rule requires thatnor be used following neither in expressions in which the negation is carried over to the second element:He is neither able nor (not or ) willing to go. Noris likewise required when a negation is carried over into the second of two independent clauses, in which caseit also triggers inversion of the subject and the auxiliary verb in the second clause: 传统规则要求nor 用于 neither 后面， 在这种表达中，否定放在第二个部分：他既不能也 （不用 or ) 不愿走。 Nor在当两个独立句子中的第二个也被否时被用， 在这种用法中，它也引起第二个句子主语和助动词的转变： 〔Wilson〕First Lady of the United States (1915-1921) as the second wife of President Woodrow Wilson. She was actively involved in government during the serious illness of her husband (1919-1920).威尔逊，埃迪斯·博林：(1872-1961) 美国第一夫人(1915-1921年），是伍德罗·威尔逊总统的第二个妻子。在她的丈夫重病期间(1919-1920年），她积极投入到政府工作中〔two〕The second in a set or sequence.第二：一套或系列中的第二个〔nonchalant〕A nonchalant person is not likely to become warm or heated about anything,a fact that is underscored by the etymology of the wordnonchalant. Non-,the first part of the word, is easy to spot as a familiar negative prefix;since this word was formed in Old French,we havenon-, the Old French descendant of Latin nōn-. The second element,chalant, is the Old French present participle of the verb chaloir, meaning "to be concerned.”This in turn came from the Latin wordcalēre, which from its concrete sense "to be hot or warm" developed the figurative sense "to be roused or fired with hope, zeal, or anger.”Obviously the Old French verbchaloir has lost some of the warmth of Latin calēre, but then, the nonchalant person has little warmth or concern.The wordnonchalant is first recorded in English before 1734, although Frenchnonchalance, a derivative of French nonchalant, seems to have entered English first. Englishnonchalance is first recorded in 1678. 态度冷漠的人是不太可能变得热心或对某事激动的，这一事实被词语nonchalant的词源所强调。 Non-，这个词的第一部分， 很容易认出是个很熟悉的否定前缀；因为此词形成于古法语，我们可以说non-，来自 拉丁语 non- 在古法语中的衍生词。 第二个组成部分chalant， 是动词 chaloir 的古法语现在分词， 意思是“担忧的，关心的”。此词同样也来自于拉丁词calere ， 从其具体的感觉“热的或暖和的”演变到比喻的感觉“被激起或引起希望、热心或愤怒”。很明显古法语动词chaloir 已去掉了一些拉丁语 calere 的温暖， 不过，冷漠的人确是几乎没有什么热心或关心的。词语nonchalant 在1734年前第一次被记录在英语中， 尽管法语nonchalence, 是法语 nonchalant 的派生词似乎已首先进入英语。 英语中的nonchalance 于1678年第一次被记录下来 〔Aldrin〕American astronaut who as a crew member of Apollo 11 became the second human being to walk on the moon (July 20, 1969).奥尔德林，小艾德温·尤金：(生于 1930) 美国宇航员，为阿波罗11号的成员之一，是第二个在月球漫步的人（1969年7月20日）〔Pergamum〕An ancient Greek city and kingdom of western Asia Minor in modern-day western Turkey. It passed to Rome in the second centuryb.c. and was noted for its sculpture and its library, which Mark Antony gave to Cleopatra. 帕加马：古希腊城市，西亚次大陆的一个王国，在今土耳其西部。在第二个世纪时，它归于罗马公元前 ，以雕塑和马克·安东尼给女王克里奥培特拉的图书馆而著名 〔Bathsheba〕In the Old Testament, the wife of Uriah and later of David. Her second son by David was Solomon.拔示巴：《圣经》旧约中原为乌利亚之妻，后嫁与大卫王，生下其第二个儿子所罗门〔harass〕Educated usage appears to be evenly divided on the pronunciation ofharass. In a recent survey50 percent of the Usage Panel preferred a pronunciation with stress on the first syllable,while 50 percent preferred stress on the second syllable.Curiously, the Panelists' comments appear to indicatethat each side regards itself as an embattled minority.harass 一词在受教育者的使用中也同样有不同的发音。 在最近的一次调查中，百分之五十的用法专题使用小组成员将该词的重音放在第一个音节，而另百分之五十则倾向于将重音放在第二个音节上，奇怪的是在小组成员的观点中可以看出，各方都认为自己是不断受困扰的少数派〔butterfly〕Is a butterfly named for the color of its excrement or because it was really a thieving witch?The first suggestion rests on the fact that an early Dutch name for the butterfly wasboterschijte. This name is as astonishing a phenomenon as the fact that anyone ever noticed the color of butterfly excrement.Apparently, however, when the butterfly was not busy leaving colorful traces of itself, it was stealing milk and butter.This was not because of its thievish nature but because it was really a mischievous witch in the form of a winged insect.So the second suggestion is that this predilection for butter larceny gave rise to the colorful insect's name.蝴蝶是以其排泄物的颜色命名的，还是因为它的确是个正在偷东西的精灵呢?第一个假设基于蝴蝶在古代荷兰语中的名称为boterschijte 这个事实。 这个名称同任何人都曾注意到蝴蝶的排泄物的颜色这个事实一样是个令人吃惊的现象。然而，很显然蝴蝶不是在忙于留下它们彩色的行迹就是忙于偷牛奶或奶油。这不是因为它有偷窃的天性而是因为它确实是一只作为有翅昆虫形体的淘气的精灵。所以第二个假设就是这种奶油盗窃的嗜好引出了彩色昆虫的命名〔Herodias〕The niece and second wife of Herod Antipas and the mother of Salome.希罗底：希律·安提帕的侄女和第二个妻子，莎乐美的母亲〔Darnley〕Scottish nobleman and second husband (1565-1567) of Mary Queen of Scots. He plotted to kill David Rizzio, Mary's secretary, in 1566 and was himself murdered the following year, possibly at the urging of Mary's lover, the Earl of Bothwell.达恩利：苏格兰贵族和苏格兰女王玛丽的第二个丈夫(1565-1567年），他于1566年密谋杀害了大卫·利齐欧，玛丽的秘书，第二年自己也被暗杀了，可能是在玛丽的情人博恩韦尔伯爵的操纵下被杀的〔or〕Used to indicate the second of two alternatives, the first being preceded byeither or whether : 不是…就是，非…即：用在二个可选事物中的第二个前面，第一个前面有either 或者 whether ： 〔concubine〕In certain societies, such as imperial China, a woman contracted to a man as a secondary wife, often having few legal rights and low social status.妾，小老婆，如夫人：在某些社会中，例如中国的封建社会，充当男人第二个妻子的女人，她们一般很少有法定权利和社会地位〔Etzel〕The second husband of Kriemhild in theNibelungenlied. 埃策尔：尼贝龙根之歌 中克里姆希尔特的第二个丈夫 〔subsere〕A secondary series of ecological communities beginning after succession has been interrupted by fire, grazing, agriculture, or another destructive agent.次生演替系列：当一个生物序列被火灾，畜牧业、农业或其他破坏力打破以后开始的第二个生态群系列〔minor〕Of or relating to a secondary area of academic specialization.辅修的：学术专业上的第二个领域的〔number〕The band's second number was a ballad.乐队的第二个节目是芭蕾〔Atli〕A legendary king corresponding to the historical figure of Attila. In theVolsunga Saga he is the second husband of Gudrun. 阿特利：传奇中的国王，即历史人物阿提拉。在沃尔松加英雄传奇 他是谷德伦的第二个丈夫 〔aftermath〕A second growth or crop in the same season, as of grass after mowing.再生草：同一季节内的第二个生长期或第二批作物，如割除后的草〔Pallas〕One of the largest asteroids, the second to be discovered.小惑星：最大的小行星之一，第二个被发现〔than〕Since the 18th centurygrammarians have insisted thatthan should be regarded as a conjunction in all its uses, so that a sentence such asBill is taller than Tom should be construed as an elliptical version of the sentence Bill is taller than Tom is. According to this view,the case of a pronoun followingthan is determined by whether the pronoun serves as the subject or object of the verb that is "understood.” Thus, the standard rule requiresPat is taller than I (not me ) on the assumption that this sentence is elliptical forPat is taller than I am but allowsThe news surprised Pat more than me, since this sentence is taken as elliptical forThe news surprised Pat more than it surprised me. However,than is quite commonly treated as a preposition when followed by an isolated noun phrase, and as such occurs with a pronoun in the objective case:John is taller than me. Though this usage is still widely regarded as incorrect,it is predominant in speechand has reputable literary precedent.It is also consistent with the fact thatthan is clearly treated as a preposition in the than whom construction, as ina poet than whom (not than who ) no one has a dearer place in the hearts of his countrymen. Still, the writer who risks a sentence such asMary is taller than him in formal writing must be prepared to defend the usage against objections of critics who are unlikely to be dissuaded from their conviction that the usage is incorrect. · Comparatives usingas . . . as can be analyzed in a parallel way to those using than. Traditional grammarians insist thatI am not as tall as he is the only correct form, and though both literary precedent and syntactic arguments can be marshaled in support of the analysis of the secondas as a preposition (which would license I am not as tall as him ), one should treat this use ofas as a conjunction in formal writing. See Usage Note at as 1自18世纪以来，语法学家坚持以为than 在其所有用法中均应被看作连词， 因此，在诸如Bill is taller than Tom 的句子中应解释为句子 Bill is taller than Tom is 的省略说法。 根据这一观点，than 后跟随代词的情况取决于该代词作为所“理解”的动词的主语还是谓语。 这样，标准规则要求Pat is taller than I （而不是 me )， 考虑到这个句子是Pat is taller than I am 的省略， 但允许The news surprised Pat more than me ， 因为这个句子被认当是The news surprised Pat more than it surprised me 的省略。 然而，当than 跟随一个独立名词短语时常被看作是介词， 如代词用于宾语的情况：John is taller than me 。 尽管这种用法仍然被广泛认为是错误的，但它仍在口语中占主要地位，并且有著名的文学先例。它也符合than 在 than whom 结构中显然被认为是介词的事实， 就象在a poet than whom （而不是 than who ) no one has a dearer place in the hearts of his countrymen 。 然而，冒险在正式写作中应用诸如Mary is taller than him 的作者必须准备针对那些不可能被劝服放弃坚信这种用法是错误的批评家们的反对意见而对此种用法进行辩护。 用比较级as…as 可以用与 than 相同的方式进行分析。 传统的语法学家坚持认为I am not as tall as he 是唯一正确的形式， 尽管文学先例和语法规则都能支持第二个as 作为介词（即允许 I am not as tall as him )的分析， 我们仍应该把这个as 作为正式写作中的连词 参见 as1〔fianchetto〕The development in chess of a bishop from its original position to the second square of the adjacent knight's file.侧翼出动：国际象棋中一步棋，象从起始位置移至马所在相邻列的第二个方格〔tierceron〕A secondary or intermediate rib in a rib vault that rises from one of the main springers and connects to a point on the ridge rib.（哥德式拱顶的）居间拱肋：肋拱结构中的第二个或中间拱肋，由起拱石向上连接至横梁拱肋上的一点〔next〕reading this book next; our next oldest child.接下去读这本书；我们第二个孩子〔beth〕The second letter of the Hebrew alphabet. See table at alphabet 希伯来语第二个字母 参见 alphabet〔husband〕We gain an insight into the history of the wordhusband by considering the Old English word hūsbōnde, meaning "the mistress of a house.”Ifhūsbōnde had survived into Modern English, husband, its modern form, would have been very ambiguous.The fact thathūsbōnde could mean "mistress of a house" helps us see the elements that make up the Old English ancestor of our wordhusband. Hūscorresponds to house. The element-bōnde is the feminine form of -bōnda, the second element of Old Englishhūsbōnda. The entire Old English word is a borrowing of the Old Icelandic wordhūsbōndi, meaning "the master of a house.”The second element inhūsbōndi, bōndi, means "a man who has land and stock" and comes from the verbbūa, meaning "to live, dwell, have a household.” The master of the house was of course usually the spouse of a wife as well,and it would seem that our main current sense ofhusband arises from this overlap. 考察一下古英语中husbonde 这个词，我们就会对 husband 这个词的历史有一定了解， 意思是“房子的女主人”。假如husbonde 这个词能留存在现代英语中， 作为husbonde 的现代形式， 它的意思会变得很模糊。husbonde 的意思是“房子的女主人”， 这有助于我们找出那些构成古英语中我们今天的husband这个词的前身。 Hus对应 house 。 -bonde 是 -bonda 的阴性形式， 古英语中 husbonda 的第二个部分。 这个古英语中的词整体上借自冰岛语中的 husbondi ， 意思是“房子的男主人”。husbondi, bondi 第二部分的意思是“一个拥有土地和牲畜的男子”， 它来自动词 bua ，意思是“生活、居住、拥有一个家”。 一座房子的男主人当然通常也是妻子的配偶，看起来今天husband 这个词的中心意思源于这种重叠 〔thong〕A sandal held on the foot by a strip that fits between the first and second toes and is connected to a strap usually passing over the top or around the sides of the foot.根插：固定在第一和第二个脚指间并同通常覆盖脚面并环绕脚侧面的皮条相系的皮条〔anal〕Of or relating to the second stage of psychosexual development in psychoanalytic theory, during which gratification is derived from sensations associated with the anus.肛欲期的：心理分析理论中性心理发展的第二个阶段，可从与肛门有关的感觉中获得快感的，或与之有关的〔trochee〕A metrical foot consisting of a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable, as inseason, or of a long syllable followed by a short syllable. 扬抑格音步：两个音节的音步，其中第一个音节重读，第二个音节不重读，如在单词season 中，或第一个音节是长的，第二个音节是短的 〔re〕The second tone of the diatonic scale in solfeggio.ray音：音名中自然间阶的第二个音阶〔minor〕A secondary area of specialized academic study, requiring fewer courses or credits than a major.辅修专业：学术研究的第二个特定领域，其要求的课程和学分比主修课要少〔all〕The constructionall that is used informally in questions and negative sentences to mean "to the degree expected,” as inI know it won an Oscar, but the film is not all that exciting. In an earlier survey, the Usage Panel rejected the use of this construction in formal writing. · Sentences of the formAll X's are not Y may be ambiguous. All of the departments did not file a report may mean that some departments did not file, or that none did. If the first meaning is intended,it can be unambiguously expressed by the sentenceNot all of the departments filed a report. If the second meaning is intended, a paraphrase such asNone of the departments filed a report or All of the departments failed to file a report can be used. Note that the same problem can arise with other universal terms likeevery in negated sentences, as in the ambiguousEvery department did not file a report. See Usage Note at every all that 这种句法作为非正式用语用于问句和否定句中，意思为“达到所期望的程度地”， 如我知道这部影片获了奥斯卡奖，但它并不那么激动人心 一句中。 在早先的一次调查中，用法使用小组不同意在正式书面语中用这一短语。All X's are not Y 类型的句子可能会造成歧义。 All of the departrnents did not file a report 可以指一些部门没有提出，也可以指没有一个部门提出。 如果指的是第一个意思，它可以通过以下这句话明确地表达出来，Not all of the departments file a report。 如果指的是第二个意思，如None of the departments file a report 或者 All of the departments failed to file a report 都可以把意思表达清楚。 注意这种情况在其他整体词如every 用在否定句时也会碰到， 如下面这个有歧义的句子Every department did not file a report 参见 every |
| 随便看 |
|
英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。