| 单词 | 笼统 |
| 释义 | 〔keep〕 Keep is the most general: Keep 是其中最笼统的： 〔wilderness〕Deer comes from the Old English word dēor, meaning "beast.” Clearly the word has narrowed in meaning and lost its general sense.But another word in English,wilderness, may point to this general sense of Old English dēor. The etymology ofwilderness is variously given, but one etymology traces the-der- of wilderness back to dēor and wild- back to Old English wilde, "wild.” Der- may thus carry on dēor in its general sense, reminding us that wild beasts might be the only inhabitants of a wilderness.Wilderness, though it may have existed in Old English, is first found in 13th-century Middle English.Deer 来自于古英语中意为“野兽”的一词 deor 。 很明显这个词的词义缩小了，失去了它较笼统的意义。但英语中的另一个词wilderness, 大概会指出古英语中 deor 的笼统意义。 wilderness 的词源很多， 但一种说法顺着wilderness 中的 -der- 找到 deor ，顺着 wild- 中找到古英语中的 wilde “野蛮的”。 Der- 大概因此具有笼统意义上的 deor 的意义， 提醒我们野兽大概是荒野处的唯一居民。Wilderness 尽管在古英语中已存在， 但是在13世纪中世纪英语中首次出现的〔enormity〕Enormity is frequently used to refer simply to the property of being enormous, but many would prefer thatenormousness (or a synonym such as immensity ) be used for this general sense and thatenormity be reserved for a property that evokes a negative moral judgment: Enormity 常被用来只说明巨大、广阔状态的属性， 但很多人都更愿意用enormousness （或是像 immensity 这样的近义词）来表达这种笼统的意义， 并更愿意将enormity 专门留作表达那种能激发负面道德判断的特性： 〔idea〕 Notion often refers to a vague, general, or even fanciful idea: Notion 一般指模糊的、笼统的甚至是荒谬的想法： 〔generality〕An imprecise or vague statement or idea.笼统的表述：一种不精确、模糊的陈述或思想〔amuse〕 Amuse, the least specific, implies directing the attention away from serious matters: Amuse 意义最笼统，指把注意力从重要的事情上转移开： 〔haywire〕It may seem oddthat the wordhaywire should have come to describe something or someone that is not functioning properly. Haywire originally was in fact simply a compound of the words hay and wire, denoting wire used to bale things such as hay or straw.The term is first recorded as a noun in a debate that occurred in the Canadian House of Commons (1917);hence it is a Canadianism, or since it soon thereafter appeared in a United States publication, a North Americanism.We find an earlier (1905) attributive use,however, in the phrasehay wire outfit, a term used contemptuously for poorly equipped loggers. What lies behind this term is the practice of making repairs with haywire.Haywire is found in other contexts with the general sense "makeshift, inefficient,” from which comes the extended senses "not functioning properly" and "crazy.”看起来或许很奇怪，haywire 一词竟可以用来形容某物或某人不能正常运转。 事实上，haywire 是由 hay 和 wire 两个词组成的一个简单复合词， 指用来捆绑诸如干草或麦秆的铁丝，这个词在1917年加拿大众议院的一次辩论中第一次以一个名词的形式被记录下来，因此这是一个加拿大俗语或者说是北美俗词，因此这词很快就出现在美国出版物中。我们可以找到一个更早的（1905年）形容性用法，词组hay wire outfit, 是对装备不足的伐木工人的鄙称。 这个词的内涵是指准备用铁丝捆干草的工作。在其它语境中，haywire 被用来表示“临时的，效率低的”这种笼统的意思， 由此扩展出“不能正常工作的”以及“疯狂的”这些意义〔sad〕 Sad is the most general: Sad 最笼统： 〔tire〕 Tire is the general, nonspecific term;it often suggests a state resulting from exertion, excess, dullness, or ennui: Tire 是一个笼统的，非特定的词；这个词通常表示由于努力、过度、烦闷或无聊产生的一种状态： |
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