| 单词 | 细胞膜 |
| 释义 | 〔capsaicin〕A colorless, pungent, crystalline compound, C18H 27NO 3, that is derived from capsicum and is a strong irritant to skin and mucous membranes. 辣椒素：一种无色有刺激性气味的晶状化合物，C18H 27NO 3，得自辣椒并是对皮肤和黏性细胞膜很强的刺激物 〔repolarization〕The restoration of a polarized state across a membrane, as in a muscle fiber following contraction.再极化：如在收缩的肌纤维中穿越细胞膜的极化状态的恢复〔prophase〕The first stage of mitosis, during which the chromosomes condense and become visible, the nuclear membrane breaks down, and the spindle apparatus forms at opposite poles of the cell.前期阶：细胞减数分裂的第一个阶段，其间染色体浓缩且能被看见，核细胞膜衰弱，纺锤体在细胞的相对纺锤极形成〔ionophore〕Any of a group of organic compounds that facilitate the transport of ions across the cell membrane.离子载体：为离子穿越细胞膜提供运输载体的一组有机化合物中的任何一种〔permease〕An enzyme that promotes the passage of a substance across a cell membrane.透性酶：激活另一种物质穿透细胞膜的一种酶〔tonoplast〕The cytoplasmic membrane that surrounds a vacuole of a plant cell. Also called vacuolar membrane 液泡膜：包围植物细胞液泡的细胞膜 也作 vacuolar membrane〔Sakmann〕German neurobiologist who shared a 1991 Nobel Prize in medicine for the development of a technique for detecting the exchange of ions across cellular membranes.萨克曼，贝特：德国神经生物学，因开发用于检测细胞膜上离子交换的技术，与人分享1991年的诺贝尔医学奖〔prokaryote〕An organism of the kingdom Prokaryotae, constituting the bacteria and cyanobacteria, characterized by the absence of a nuclear membrane and by DNA that is not organized into chromosomes.原生物核：原生物王国的组织，它组成细菌和藻青菌，其特点是缺乏一个核细胞膜以及没有组织成染色体的脱氧核糖核酸〔Neher〕German physicist who shared a 1991 Nobel Prize in medicine for the development of a technique for detecting the exchange of ions across cellular membranes.奈尔，尔温：德国物理学家，因开发用于检测细胞膜上离子交换的技术，与人分享1991年的诺贝尔医学奖〔valinomycin〕An antibiotic, C54H 90N 6O 18, produced by the actinomycete B Streptomyces fulvissimus, that increases the transport of potassium across cell membranes. 缬安霉素：一种抗生素，C54H 90N 6O 18，由 链球菌属 放射性菌类B产生，促进钾穿过细胞膜的传送 〔cholesterol〕A white, crystalline substance, C27H 45OH, found in animal tissues and various foods, that is normally synthesized by the liver and is important as a constituent of cell membranes and a precursor to steroid hormones. Its level in the bloodstream can influence the pathogenesis of certain conditions, such as the development of atherosclerotic plaque and coronary artery disease. 胆固醇：一种白色结晶体物质，C27H 45OH，发现于动物细胞组织和多种食物中，一般由肝合成，作为细胞膜的组成部分是极为重要的，并且是类固醇荷尔蒙的前驱。在血流中的程度能影响特种疾病的发病，如动脉粥样硬化病和冠状动脉疾病的发展 〔phagosome〕A membrane-bound vesicle found in a cell by an inward folding of the cell membrane to hold foreign matter taken into the cell by phagocytosis.吞噬体：细胞中发现的一种膜结构囊状物，通过细胞膜向内折回，再经吞噬作用将外物捕入细胞内〔periplast〕A cell membrane or cell wall.一种细胞膜或细胞壁〔exosmosis〕The passage of a fluid through a semipermeable membrane toward a solution of lower concentration, especially the passage of water through a cell membrane into the surrounding medium.外渗，浸出：液体通过半透膜向低浓度区的迁移，尤指水通过细胞膜进入周围生活环境〔reflection〕The folds so made.细胞膜皱褶：这样形成的皱褶〔meninx〕A membrane, especially one of the three membranes enclosing the brain and spinal cord in vertebrates.脑膜：一种膜，尤指覆盖脑子和脊椎中脊髓的三种细胞膜之一〔vacuole〕A small cavity in the cytoplasm of a cell, bound by a single membrane and containing water, food, or metabolic waste.空泡，液泡：细胞的胞体浆里的水泡，只有单层的细胞膜，里面有水、食物和新陈代谢作用的废物〔siderochrome〕Any of various chemical compounds that transport iron across cell membranes, as in bacteria.铁铬：一种可运载铁元素穿越细胞膜的化合物，如细菌中的〔ossify〕To convert (a membrane or cartilage, for example) into bone.使骨化：使（如细胞膜、软骨等）变为骨头〔pinocytosis〕Introduction of fluids into a cell by invagination of the cell membrane, followed by formation of vesicles within the cells.胞饮作用，饮液作用，吞饮作用：因细胞膜内陷而将液体注入细胞中，随后在细胞内形成的细胞泡〔utricle〕A membranous sac contained within the labyrinth of the inner ear and connected with the semicircular canals.小囊，椭圆囊：位于内耳迷路内的细胞膜的囊，与半圆管相连〔spectrin〕A protein of high molecular weight that is a major component of the membrane of red blood cells.血红蛋白：一种高分子量的蛋白，是形成红血球的细胞膜的主要成份〔reflection〕The folding of a membrane from the wall of a cavity over an organ and back to the wall.细胞膜折叠：细胞膜从器官的腔壁到器官上再折回腔壁的褶皱 |
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