| 单词 | 肉体上 |
| 释义 | 〔tortoiseshell〕The mottled, horny, translucent, brownish covering of the carapace of certain tortoises or turtles, especially the hawksbill, used to make combs, jewelry, and other articles.龟甲，玳瑁：某些乌龟或甲鱼肉体上覆盖着的有花纹，角质、透明的，褐色的甲壳特别是玳瑁龟的甲壳，通常用来制作梳子，珠宝和其它工艺品〔willing〕"The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak"(Matthew 26:41)“精神上乐意接受的，但肉体上却很虚弱”(马太福音26:41)〔hard〕 Arduous refers to what involves burdensome labor or sustained physical or spiritual effort: Arduous 指需要付出难于忍受的劳动或持续的肉体上或精神上的努力的： 〔sanguine〕Perhaps one has wondered what the connection betweensanguinary, "bloodthirsty,” and sanguine, "cheerfully optimistic,” could be. The connection can be found in medieval physiology with its notion of the four humors (blood, bile, phlegm, and black bile).These four body fluids were thought to determine a person's temperament,or distinguishing mental and physical characteristics.Thus, if blood was the predominant humor, one had a ruddy face and a disposition marked by courage, hope, and a readiness to fall in love.Such a temperament was calledsanguine, the Middle English ancestor of our wordsanguine. The sources of the Middle English word were Old Frenchsanguin and Latin sanguineus, the source of the French word. Both the Old French and Latin words meant "bloody,” "blood-colored,”Old Frenchsanguin having the sense "sanguine in temperament" as well. Latinsanguineus in turn was derived from sanguīs, "blood,” just as English sanguinary is. The English adjectivesanguine, first recorded in Middle English before 1350, went on to refer simply to the cheerfulness and optimism that accompanied a sanguine temperament,no longer having any direct reference to medieval physiology.也许有人对sanguinary （“嗜血的”）和 sanguine （“愉快乐观的”）两词之间的联系感到不解。 这种联系可以追溯到中世纪生理学中四种体液的概念（多血质型、胆汁型、黏液型和抑郁型）。这四种体液被认为可决定人的性格，或者能区分出精神和肉体上的特征。因此，如果血液是最主要的体液，一个人就应有红润的脸庞和以勇敢、充满希望、易于陷入情网为特征的性情。这种性情被称为sanguine ， 也就是我们sanguine 一词的中世纪英语的原形。 中世纪英语中该词源于古法语sanguin 一词和拉丁文 sanguineus （法语词的来源）。 在古法语和拉丁文中，该词意思都是“流血的”、“血色的”，古法语sanguin 还含有“生性乐天派的”之意。 拉丁文的sanguineus 也是由 sanguis （“血的”）而来，正如英语中的 sanguinary 一词。 英语形容词sanguine 最初记载于1350年以前的中古英语中， 演化为仅指伴随乐天派性情而具有的愉快和乐观之义，与中世纪生理学没有直接联系〔drain〕To fatigue or spend emotionally or physically:消耗：使在情感上或肉体上疲劳或消耗：〔lost〕Spiritually or physically destroyed.无感觉的，麻木的：精神上或肉体上被摧毁的〔ruin〕Total destruction or disintegration, either physical, moral, social, or economic.毁灭，灭亡：肉体上、道德上、社会上或经济上的完全毁坏或粉碎〔brute〕Entirely physical:完全是肉体上的：〔burn〕Singe specifies superficial burning by brief exposure to flameand especially the deliberate removal of projections such as bristles or feathers from a carcass, such as a plucked fowl, before cooking: Singe 专指短暂暴露于火焰上造成表面灼伤，尤指小心除去肉体上的如羽毛或鬃毛的突出物（如烹饪前的拔过毛的家禽）： 〔pressure〕An oppressive condition of physical, mental, social, or economic distress.困扰：肉体上，精神上，社交上或经济上痛苦或不适而产生的有压力的处境〔hard〕Physically addictive. Used of certain illegal drugs, such as heroin.麻醉品：肉体上上瘾的。用于如海洛因等特定的非法麻醉品〔torture〕Infliction of severe physical pain as a means of punishment or coercion.拷打；酷刑：作为惩罚或压制手段而施用的肉体上刑罚〔poignant〕Physically painful:肉体上痛苦的：〔smart〕Sharp mental or physical pain.See Synonyms at pain 痛苦：精神上或肉体上的巨大痛苦 参见 pain〔Rolfing〕A service mark used for a technique of deep muscular manipulation and massage for the relief of bodily and emotional tension.罗尔夫按摩治疗法，罗尔按摩技术：一种用于深位的肌肉推拿和按摩以减轻肉体上和情绪上紧张程度的服务标志〔biofeedback〕The technique of using monitoring devices to furnish information regarding an autonomic bodily function, such as heart rate or blood pressure, in an attempt to gain some voluntary control over that function. It may be used clinically to treat certain conditions, such as hypertension and migraine headache.生物反馈：使用监测设备提供有关如心律或血压等肉体上的自动动能的信息的技术，以谋求获取对该功能的某种有意识的控制。用于临床上治疗某些症状，如高血压和偏头痛〔scar〕A lingering sign of damage or injury, either mental or physical:创伤：精神或肉体上的创伤或受伤而造成的持久表现：〔torpor〕A state of mental or physical inactivity or insensibility.麻痹，麻木：精神或肉体上的反应迟钝或感觉迟缓的状态〔sensual〕Physical rather than spiritual or intellectual.肉体上的：肉体的而不是精神的或智力的〔injure〕To cause physical harm to; hurt.伤害，使受伤：造成肉体上的伤害；损害 |
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