| 单词 | 艰苦 |
| 释义 | 〔Bangladesh〕A country of southern Asia on the Bay of Bengal. Formerly part of Bengal, it became East Pakistan when India achieved independence in 1947. After a savage civil war with West Pakistan (1971), Bangladesh formed a separate nation. Dacca is the capital and the largest city. Population, 87,052,000.孟加拉国：亚洲南部的一个国家，位于孟加拉湾。原为孟加拉的一部分，1947年印度独立时成为东巴基斯坦。经过与西巴基斯坦艰苦的内战（1971年），孟加拉国成为独立的国家。达卡是其首都和最大城市。人口87,052,000〔rigorous〕Full of rigors; harsh:严峻的，严酷的：充满困难的；艰苦的：〔work〕To engage in strenuous exercise for physical conditioning.锻炼身体：为身体状态致力于艰苦的锻炼〔Murfreesboro〕A city of central Tennessee southeast of Nashville. The state capital from 1819 to 1825, it was the site of a hard-fought Union victory in the Battle of Murfreesboro (December 31, 1862-January 2, 1863). Population, 44,922.默夫里斯伯勒：美国田纳西州中部城市，位于纳什维尔东南部。从1819年到1825年为田纳西州首府，是默夫里斯伯勒战役中盟军艰苦斗争取得胜利的地点(1862年12月31日-1863年1月2日）。人口44,922〔Augean〕the Augean task of reforming the bureaucracy.改革官僚主义是一项艰苦的工作〔Standish〕English colonist in America. Hired by the English Pilgrims to accompany them on their voyage to the New World (1620), he emerged as a military and political leader in the difficult early years of the colony.斯坦迪什，迈尔斯：(1584?-1656) 美洲的英国殖民者，1620年被英国清教徒雇用陪同其启程到新大陆，他在殖民地早期的艰苦年月里担任军政长官〔teach〕School often implies an arduous learning process: School 经常暗指艰苦的学习过程： 〔uphill〕Marked by difficulty or strong resistance; laborious:艰难的：以困难或强硬的抵抗为特征的；艰苦的：〔workout〕A strenuous test of ability and endurance.考验：能力和毅力的艰苦测验〔passport〕Hard work was her passport to success.艰苦的工作是她获得成功的保证〔clamber〕A difficult, awkward climb.攀登，爬：艰苦的、笨拙的攀登〔arduous〕Testing severely the powers of endurance; strenuous:艰难的：忍耐力的严格考验的；艰苦的：〔brave〕"Death and sorrow will be the companions of our journey; hardship our garment; constancy and valor our only shield. We must be united, we must be undaunted, we must be inflexible" (Winston S. Churchill).See also Synonyms at defy “死亡和忧伤将陪伴我们的旅程；艰苦是我们的外衣；恒心与勇气是我们唯一的盾牌。我们必需联合起来，我们必须无所畏惧，我们必须坚强不屈” （温斯顿S·丘吉尔） 参见同义词 defy〔operose〕Involving great labor; laborious.费力的，艰苦的〔grub〕To toil arduously; drudge:辛劳：艰苦劳作；做苦工：〔tenderfoot〕A newcomer not yet hardened to rough outdoor life; a greenhorn.艰苦地区的新来者：一个尚未被严酷的户外生活锻炼得坚强起来的新来者；一个新移民〔Sisyphean〕"Their patients' lack of education and the high cost of medicine make health care a Sisyphean task"(Frank Gibney, Jr.)“由于‘他们的父母’缺乏教育以及高额的药费开支，使健康问题成为艰苦而无止境的任务”(小弗兰克·吉布尼)〔pay〕To earn a given right or position through hard work, long-term experience, or suffering:获得自己应得的：通过艰苦工作、长期的经验或痛苦而获得应得的权利或地位：〔rigor〕A harsh or trying circumstance; hardship.See Synonyms at difficulty 艰苦，困难：艰难的或难堪的情形；困境 参见 difficulty〔pull〕To perform in spite of difficulties or obstacles; bring off:艰苦地完成：尽管有困难和障碍依然进行；完成，成功：〔toil〕"A bit of the blackest and coarsest bread is . . . the sole recompense and the sole profit attaching to so arduous a toil"(George Sand)See Synonyms at work “一小块黑得不能再黑，粗糙得不能再粗糙的面包是…这样一种艰苦的工作的唯一的补偿和唯一的收益。”(乔治·桑) 参见 work〔work〕"I have had my labor for my travail" (Shakespeare). “我已把自己劳动奉献给艰苦的工作” （莎士比亚）〔trial〕A state of pain or anguish that tests patience, endurance, or belief:磨难，磨炼，艰苦：考验耐心、承受力或信念的痛苦或苦闷的状态：〔Sisyphean〕Endlessly laborious or futile:艰苦而无尽头的：无尽地艰苦的或无用的：〔noir〕Of or relating to a genre of crime literature featuring tough, cynical characters and bleak settings.黑色文学的：表现艰苦愤世与荒凉背景的犯罪文学类的〔hard〕Negotiating a reduction in nuclear arms is a long and arduous undertaking. See also Synonyms at firm 1有关削减核武器的谈判是一项漫长而艰苦的工作 参见同义词 firm1〔indurate〕To inure, as to hardship or ridicule.使习惯于：使习惯于，如艰苦或尴尬之境况〔afraid〕not afraid of hard work; afraid to show emotion.不怕艰苦的工作；不愿意显露感情〔grub〕grub for a living.为谋生而艰苦劳作〔travail〕To work strenuously; toil.艰苦地工作；苦干〔develop〕With hard work, she developed into a great writer.See Synonyms at mature 经过艰苦地工作，她成为一位伟大的作家 参见 mature〔refuge〕Protection or shelter, as from danger or hardship.保护：为避免危险或艰苦而保护或庇护 |
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