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单词 英国语言
释义 〔pal〕Pal, like buddy and chum, has an informal,thoroughly "American" ring to it.One might think thatpal had been a fixture in the English language forever. In fact,pal is a fairly recent acquisition from a rather exotic source—the language of the Gypsies. First recorded in English in the 17th century,pal was borrowed from Romany, the Indic language of the Gypsies,specifically from a word meaning "brother, comrade,”which occurs asphal in the Romany spoken in England andphral in the Romany spoken in Europe. Gypsies speak an Indic languagebecause they originally migrated to Europe from the border region between Iran and India.In other Indic languages we find related words meaning "brother,”such as Hindustanibhāi, Prakritbhāda or bhāyā, and Sanskrit bhrātā. All these terms trace their ancestry to the same Indo-European word that our wordbrother does. Pal 与 buddy 和 chum 一样, 都有不正式的,完全“美国式”的圈。一个人可能会认为pal 永远是英国语言中的固定词。 但实际上,pal 是最近从外来语源——吉普赛语言中获得的。 最早在17世纪被记录于英语中,pal 借自吉普赛语, 即吉普赛人说的印度语言,特别是从意为“兄弟,同志”的一个词而来,它在英格兰的吉普赛语中写成phal, 在欧洲所讲的吉普赛语中写成phral 。 因为吉普赛人最初是从伊朗和印度的边界地区移居到欧洲的,因此他们讲一种印度语言,在另一种印度语言里我们可以找到意为“兄弟”的相关词,如兴都斯坦的bhai, 帕拉克里语的bhada 或 bhaya 以及梵语的 bhrata 。 所有这些词和我们的词语brother 一样都可追溯到相同的印欧词源 〔Borrow〕British philologist, traveler, and writer of books based on his journeys, includingRomany Rye (1857). 博洛,乔治·亨利:(1803-1881) 英国语言学家、旅行家及作家,著有《吉普赛男人》 (1857年)等游记 〔Tolkien〕British philologist and writer of the fantasiesThe Hobbit (1937) and The Lord of the Rings (1954-1955). 托尔金,约(翰)·伦(纳德)·鲁(尔):(1892-1973) 英国语言学家和幻想家,作品有《穴居矮人》 (1937年)和 《行会首领》 (1954-1955年) 〔Skeat〕English philologist who wroteAn Etymological Dictionary of the English Language (1879-1882) and began the systematic study of English place names. 斯基特,沃尔特·威廉:(1835-1912) 英国语言学家,曾著有《英语词源字典》 (1879-1882年),并着手了对英国地名的综合研究 〔Anglicist〕A specialist in English linguistics.英语专家:英国语言的研究专家
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更新时间:2025/1/30 13:52:53