| 单词 | 丛林 |
| 释义 | 〔boondocks〕Wild and dense brush; jungle.丛林：稠密的野生灌木丛；丛林〔jungle〕One might be surprised to learn that the wordjungle is not African in origin nor does it come from a word that only meant "land densely overgrown with tropical vegetation and trees.” Jungle goes back to the Sanskrit word jaṅgalam, meaning "desert, wasteland,”and also "any kind of uncultivated area, such as heavily forested land.”The Sanskrit wordjaṅgala- passed into various Indian languages and from one or more of these languages into English.In Englishjungle was used for land overgrown with vegetation, for the vegetation itself,and for such land outside India.The word was also extended figuratively in various ways.We have, for example, asphalt jungles, concrete jungles, blackboard jungles, academic jungles, corporate jungles,and, in a February 1972 issue of theGuardian, the government official who "lit up some lurid corners of the taxation jungle.”jungle 一词的词源不是非洲语，也不是来自仅仅意为“长满茂密的热带植物和树木的地带”的单词；知道这一点也许会让人吃惊。 Jungle 可追溯到梵语词 jangalam ， 其意为“荒漠，荒原”，也指“任何未开垦的地域，如茂密的森林”。梵语词jangala- 传入多种印度语中， 又从这其中的一种或多种语言再传入英语。在英语中jungle 用来指长满植物的地带， 指植物本身，也指印度以外的类似地带。该词也在多方面引申为比喻意义。例如，我们有柏油丛林、水泥丛林、黑板丛林、学术丛林、公司丛林，此外在1972年2月发行的一期卫报 上， 还出现了“揭露税收丛林中鲜为人知的龌龊勾当”的政府官员〔motte〕A copse or small stand of trees on a prairie.丛林：草原上的矮丛林或灌木丛〔embrace〕caught in the jungle's embrace.陷于丛林环绕之中〔Argonne〕A wooded and hilly region of northeast France between the Meuse and Aisne rivers. The area was a major battleground during World War I.阿尔贡：法国东北部的一丛林丘陵地区，位于默兹河和埃纳河之间。该地区在第一次世界大战期间是主要战场之一〔rickettsia〕Any of various bacteria of the genusRickettsia, carried as parasites by many ticks, fleas, and lice, that cause diseases such as typhus, scrub typhus, and Rocky Mountain spotted fever in human beings. 立克次氏体：被扁虱、跳蚤及虱作为寄生物携带的各种立克次氏体属 属类的任一种细菌，它们引发人体中的疾病，例如斑疹伤寒、丛林斑疹伤寒及落基山斑疹热 〔cover〕Vegetation, such as underbrush, serving as protective concealment for wild animals.覆盖植被：为野生动物提供保护性隐蔽处的植被，如丛林〔orangutan〕hūtan [wilderness, jungle] hūtan [粗野，丛林] 〔Weissmuller〕American swimmer and actor who won 5 Olympic gold medals and set 67 world records for swimming. He later played Tarzan in numerous jungle adventure films.魏斯穆勒，约翰尼：(1904-1984) 美国游泳健将和演员。他曾夺得五枚奥林匹克游泳金牌，创下了67项世界纪录。后来他在无数的丛林冒险影片中扮演泰山的角色〔jungle〕A dense thicket or growth.丛林，密林：茂密的灌木丛或生长物〔slog〕a student's weary slog through Cicero; a slog through miles of jungle.学生勉强地学习西塞罗学说；长时间疲惫地穿过数里远的丛林〔harrier〕Any of various slender, narrow-winged hawks of the genusCircus, such as the marsh hawk, that prey on small animals. 各种瘦长窄翅膀的、以捕食小动物为生的鹞属 鹰类中的任何一种，例如丛林鹰 〔poetical〕a poetical description of the jungle.对丛林诗意的描写〔Johnson〕American explorer and filmmaker. With her husband,Martin Johnson (1884-1937), she explored the South Seas and Africa. Their films include Jungle Adventures (1921) and Wonders of the Congo (1931). 约翰逊，奥萨·海伦·莱迪：(1894-1953) 美国探险家、制片商。她与丈夫马丁·约翰逊 (1884-1937年）一起考察了南太平洋及非洲。他们的影片包括 《丛林历险记》 （1921年）以及 《刚果奇观》 （1931年）等 〔bush〕A thick growth of shrubs; a thicket.灌木丛：灌木的浓密生长群；丛林〔savage〕savage beasts of the jungle.丛林里的野生动物〔Kipling〕British writer whose major works, including the short story "The Man Who Would Be King" (1889), a collection of children's stories,The Jungle Book (1894), and the novel Kim (1901), are set in British-occupied India. He won the 1907 Nobel Prize for literature. 吉卜林，（约瑟夫）卢迪亚：(1865-1936) 英国作家，其主要作品包括短篇小说“想当皇帝的人”（1889年），儿童故事集《丛林故事》 （1894），以及描述英国占领下的印度的小说 《吉姆》 （1901）。他获得1907年诺贝尔文学奖 〔slash〕We slashed through the dense jungle.我们从茂密的丛林里劈出了一条路〔bushwhack〕To travel through or live in the woods.穿越丛林或生活在丛林之中〔maquis〕A dense growth of small trees and shrubs in the Mediterranean area.地中海地区茂密的小树林和灌木丛林〔overgraze〕To permit animals to graze (vegetational cover) excessively, to the detriment of the vegetation.使过度放牧：让动物过度地吃（植物丛林），到了有害于植物的程度〔bush〕Land covered with dense vegetation or undergrowth.未开垦的丛林地：被浓密生长的草林或下层丛林覆盖的土地 |
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