| 单词 | 叛国罪 |
| 释义 | 〔misprision〕Neglect in preventing or reporting a felony or treason by one not an accessory.包庇罪行：非同犯对防止重罪或叛国罪的发生或对次类罪的报告的忽视〔treason〕Violation of allegiance toward one's country or sovereign, especially the betrayal of one's country by waging war against it or by consciously and purposely acting to aid its enemies.叛国罪：违背对自己国家或君主的忠诚，尤指通过对自己国家发动战争，或有意识有目的的帮助国家敌人的行动，背叛自己的国家〔Dreyfus〕French army officer of Jewish descent who was convicted of treason (1894), sentenced to life imprisonment, and ultimately acquitted when the evidence against him was shown to have been forged by anti-Semites.德雷福斯，艾尔弗雷德：(1859-1935) 犹太裔法国军官，1894年以叛国罪判处终身监禁，但最后被无罪释放，因为证明他有罪的证据被发现是反犹太分子伪造的〔Burr〕American politician who became Vice President of the United States (1801-1805) under Thomas Jefferson after a deadlock in the electoral college was broken by the House of Representatives. On July 11, 1804, Burr mortally wounded his rival Alexander Hamilton in a duel and later fled south where he was involved in a mysterious conspiracy to establish an independent nation in Mexico and the Southwest. Tried for treason, he was acquitted for lack of evidence.伯尔，艾伦：(1756-1836) 美国政治家。在选举团形成的僵局被众议院击垮之后做了托马斯·杰斐逊的副手而成为美国副总统(1801-1805年）。1804年7月11日，伯尔在一次决斗中使对手亚历山大·汉密尔顿受到致命创伤，后来他逃到南部，在那里卷入了一个要在墨西哥和西南地区建立独立政府的秘密阴谋集团。他因叛国罪而受审，由于证据不足而无罪释放〔treasonable〕Relating to, constituting, or involving treason:叛国的：与叛国有关的、构成叛国罪的或涉及国的：〔Humphrey〕English prince and book collector who was arrested for high treason (1447) and died in prison. He contributed the first books to the library at Oxford University.汉弗莱：英国王子和图书收藏家，1447年以重大叛国罪被捕，死于狱中。他捐献的书籍是牛津大学图书馆最早的藏书〔Clarendon〕English politician and historian who was falsely accused of treason and banished (1667). While in France he wrote his major work,The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England (1702-1704). 克拉伦登：英国政治家和历史学家，被错判叛国罪并流放（1667年）。在法国写出他的重要著作《英国叛乱和内战史》 （1702-1704年） 〔traitorous〕Constituting treason:叛国的：构成叛国罪的：〔More〕English politician, humanist scholar, and writer who refused to comply with the Act of Supremacy, by which English subjects were enjoined to recognize Henry VIII's authority over the pope, and was imprisoned in the Tower of London and beheaded for treason. His political essayUtopia (1516), speculates about life under an ideal government. More was canonized in 1935. 莫尔，托马斯：(1478-1535) 英国政治家、人文主义学者和作家，拒绝遵守行为至上的法令，这一法令强迫英国臣民承认亨利八世的权威在教皇之上，后来他被囚禁在伦敦塔内直至以叛国罪为名被斩首。他的政治论文《乌托邦》 （1516年）构想了一种理想政府之下的生活。莫尔在1935年被封为圣徒 〔Howard〕English poet and soldier remembered for his sonnets and his translations of two books of Virgil'sAeneid. In 1547 he was falsely charged with treason and executed. 霍华德，亨利：(1517?-1547) 英国诗人及士兵，因他的十四行诗和他所翻译的两卷维吉尔的《伊尼亚特》 而著名。1547年，他被误判犯有叛国罪而被处死 〔infamous〕Convicted of a crime, such as treason or felony, that carries such a punishment.罪行可招致公民权被褫夺的：被告犯有某种罪行，如叛国罪或重罪，而要以上述之刑罚惩罚的〔Laval〕French politician who twice served as prime minister (1931-1932 and 1935-1936) and became head of the Vichy government (1942) after the surrender of France. He was executed for treason for his collaboration with the Nazis.拉瓦尔，皮尔：(1883-1945) 法国政治家，两次出任法国总理（1931-1932年和1935-1936年），并在法国投降后成为维希政府的首脑（1942年）。他因与纳粹合作被以叛国罪处死〔Gestapo〕The German internal security police as organized under the Nazi regime, known for its terrorist methods directed against those suspected of treason or questionable loyalty.盖世太保：纳粹政体下的德国国内秘密警察，以其用以对付那些被怀疑为犯下叛国罪或其忠实可疑的人的恐怖方法而闻名〔impeach〕Nothing hobbles a President so much as impeachment,and there is an etymologicalas well as procedural reason for this.The wordimpeach can be traced back through Anglo-Norman empecher to Late Latin impedicāre, "to catch, entangle,”from Latinpedica, "fetter for the ankle, snare.” Thus we find that Middle Englishempechen, the ancestor of our word,means such things as "to cause to get stuck fast,” "hinder or impede,” "interfere with,” and "criticize unfavorably.”A legal sense ofempechen is first recorded in 1384. This sense, which had previously developed in Old French,was "to accuse, bring charges against.”A further development of the sense had specific reference to Parliament and its formal accusation of treason or other high crimes,a process that the United States borrowed from the British.Although we have used it rarely at the federal level,impeachment stands as the ultimate snare for those who would take advantage of the public trust.没有事能象弹劾那样会使总统陷入窘境了，这既有词源的原因，又有程序上的原因。impeach 这个词能够通过英国法语中的 empecher 追溯到后期拉丁语中的 impedicare ， 意思为“抓住，牵连”，源自拉丁语中的pedica ，意思是“脚镣，圈套”。 于是我们发现中古英语中的empechen ， 我们现在这个词的前身，有着诸如“使牢牢困住”，“妨碍或阻止”，“干涉”和“令人不利地批评”等意思。empechen 在法律方面的意思最早在1384年被记录下来。 这个意思，原先在古法语中有一定发展，意思是“控告，指控。”这个意思的进一步发展到议会和议会对叛国罪或其他重大罪行的指控，这一程序是美国从英国那里借鉴而来的。尽管我们在联邦一级上很少使用，但是弹劾对于那些滥用公众信任的人来说是最终的陷阱〔Casement〕British diplomat who sought German assistance in the Irish nationalist cause during World War I and was executed for treason.凯斯蒙德，罗杰·戴维：(1864-1916) 英国外交家，第一次世界大战期间曾在爱尔兰的民族主义运动中寻求德国的援助，后因叛国罪被处决〔Grey〕Queen of England for nine days (1553). Proclaimed queen on the death of Edward VI (July 10, 1553), she was imprisoned after her short reign, replaced by the popular Mary Tudor, later Mary I, and subsequently beheaded for treason.格雷郡主，简：(1537-1554) 英国“九日女王”（1553年），于爱德华六世驾崩时（1553年7月10日）被宣布为女王。在短暂的任期后被关入监狱，并被受欢迎的玛丽·特德，即后来的玛丽一世取代，随后被指控为叛国罪而斩首〔Ceausescu〕Romanian politician who was the absolute ruler after 1965. His regime was overthrown in December 1989, and Ceausescu was executed for crimes against the state.齐奥塞斯库，尼科列：(1918-1989) 罗马尼亚政治家，1965年后罗马尼亚独裁统治者。其统治在1989年12月被推翻，齐奥塞斯库因叛国罪而被处决〔Raleigh〕English courtier, navigator, colonizer, and writer. A favorite of Elizabeth I, he campaigned in Ireland and Cádiz, explored Guiana, colonized Virginia, and introduced tobacco and the potato to Europe. Convicted of treason by James I, he was released for another expedition to Guiana and executed after its failure. His literary works include poetry, memoirs, and a world history.罗利，沃尔特：(1552?-1618) 英国大臣，航海家，殖民者，作家。他是伊丽莎白一世的宠臣，曾在爱尔兰和卡迪兹活动，考察了圭亚那，在弗吉尼亚州移民，把烟草和马铃薯传入欧洲。詹姆斯一世时被判为叛国罪，获释后又到圭亚那进行了一次远征，远征失败而被处死。他的文学著作包括诗歌、回忆录和世界历史〔Strafford〕English politician who was the principal minister to Charles I. He was convicted of treason by Parliament and was executed.斯特拉福德：英国政治家，查理一世的首相他被议会定为叛国罪并被处死〔Davis〕American soldier and president of the Confederacy (1861-1865). He was captured by Union soldiers in 1865 and imprisoned for two years, and although he was indicted for treason (1866), he was never prosecuted.戴维斯，杰斐逊：(1808-1889) 美国军人和南方联盟政府总统(1861-1865年），他于1865年被联盟士兵俘获，在监狱里呆了两年，尽管他被指控为叛国罪(1866年），他从未被判罪〔Ciano〕Italian fascist politician. Married (1930) to the daughter of Benito Mussolini, he urged Italy to join the Axis powers in World War II but later favored a separate peace with the Allies. Among those who called for Mussolini's resignation, he was tried for treason and executed on Mussolini's orders.齐亚诺，加利佐：(1903-1944) 意大利法西斯党的政治家。1930年同贝内托·墨索里尼的女儿结婚，在第二次世界大战中他极力主张意大利加入轴心国组织，但后来又赞成与同盟国单独讲和。 在那些呼吁墨索里尼退位的人中，他被判叛国罪由墨索里尼下令处决〔Devereux〕English nobleman and favorite of Elizabeth I. He was executed for treason after taking part in an uprising of the people of London.德威瑞克斯，罗伯特：(1566-1601) 英国贵族，是伊丽莎白一世的心腹。在参加一次伦敦人的暴动后，被以叛国罪处死 |
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