| 单词 | 希腊人 |
| 释义 | 〔Taranto〕A city of southeast Italy east-southeast of Naples on theGulf of Taranto, an arm of the Ionian Sea. Founded by Greeks from Sparta in the eighth century b.c. , it was known as Tarentum in Roman times. Ruled by varied powers over the centuries, it became part of Italy in 1860. Population, 242,774. 塔兰托：意大利东南部一城市，位于那不勒斯东南偏东，塔兰托湾 沿岸，该湾为爱奥尼亚海的一个海口。它于 公元前 8世纪为希腊人中的斯巴达人所建立，在古罗马时代被称作塔兰顿。在那以后的各个世纪中该城曾被许多强国统治过。在1860年它成为意大利的一部分。人口242,774 〔Jerusalem〕The capital of Israel, in the east-central part of the country in the West Bank. Of immense religious and historical importance, the city was occupied as far back as the fourth millenniumb.c. and became the capital of King David c. 1000 b.c. Destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar in the sixth century b.c. , it was later ruled by Greeks, Romans, Persians, Arabs, Crusaders, and Turks and by Great Britain under a League of Nations mandate. Israeli forces took control of the city in 1967. Jerusalem is considered a holy city to Jews, Moslems, and Christians. Population, 446,500. 耶路撒冷：以色列的首都，位于西岸上该国中东部。该城在宗教上和历史上极大的重要性可以追溯到公元前 4000年， 公元前 1000年成为大卫王国的首都。于 公元前 6世纪被尼布甲尼撒毁灭。后被希腊人、罗马人、波斯人、阿拉伯人、十字军和土耳其统治过，最后受国际联盟的托管国英国控制。以色列军队在1967年控制该城。耶路撒冷是犹太教、穆斯林和基督教的圣地。人口446,500 〔Byzantium〕An ancient city of Thrace on the site of present-day Istanbul, Turkey. It was founded by the Greeks in the seventh centuryb.c. and taken by the Romans in a.d. 196. Constantine I ordered the rebuilding of the city in 330 and renamed it Constantinople. 拜占庭城：在今土耳其伊斯坦布尔城址上的一座色雷斯古城。公元前 7世纪时由希腊人所建。 公元 196年被罗马人强占。康斯坦丁一世于330年命令重建该城，并重新将之命名为康斯坦丁堡 〔Argive〕Of or relating to Greece or the Greeks.希腊的，希腊人的：希腊的或与之相关的或希腊人的〔Ionia〕An ancient region of western Asia Minor along the coast of the Aegean Sea. Greek settlers established colonies here before 1000b.c. The seaports of Ionia flourished from c. 8th century b.c. until the Turkish conquest of the 15th century a.d. 爱奥尼亚：古代小亚细亚西部沿爱琴海海岸的一个地区。希腊人在公元前 1000年以前在这儿建立了殖民地。爱奥尼亚的海港从 公元前 8世纪开始繁荣起来，直到 公元 15世纪土耳其人的征服 〔Decapolis〕A confederacy in northeast Palestine of ten Roman-controlled cities settled by Greeks. It was formed after 63b.c. and dominated by Damascus. 戴克波利斯：由希腊人定居的十个古罗马人统治的城市联邦之一，位于巴勒斯坦东北部公元前 63年后建成，由大马士革统治 〔Bari〕A city of southeast Italy on the Adriatic Sea. Controlled successively by the Greeks, Romans, Goths, Lombards, Byzantines, Normans, and Venetians, it became part of the kingdom of Naples in 1557. Population, 370,781.巴里：意大利东南部、亚得里亚海沿岸的城市。相继被希腊人、罗马人、哥特人、伦巴第人、拜占庭人、诺曼人和威尼斯人统治，1557年成为那不勒斯王国的一部分。人口370,781〔Andromache〕The faithful wife of Hector, captured by the Greeks at the fall of Troy.安德洛玛赫：赫克托耳忠贞的妻子，在特洛伊沦陷时被希腊人俘虏〔Hellenistic〕Of or relating to the Hellenists.希腊人的或有关希腊人的〔Nestor〕A hero celebrated as an elderly and wise counselor to the Greeks at Troy.涅斯托尔：特洛伊的一位英雄，对希腊人来说是位著名的年高足智的顾问〔Naples〕Also Na.po.li [näʹpô-lē] A city of south-central Italy on theBay of Naples, an arm of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Founded by Greeks c. 600 b.c. , Naples was conquered by the Romans in the fourth century b.c. and eventually became an independent duchy (eighth century a.d. ) and capital of the kingdom of Naples (1282-1860). It is a major seaport and a commercial, cultural, and tourist center. Population, 1,210,503. 也作 Na.po.li [näʹpô-lē] 那不勒斯：意大利中南部的一座城市，位于第勒尼安海的一个海湾那不勒斯湾 。于 公元前 600年由希腊人建立， 公元前 4世纪罗马人征服那不勒斯，后成为独立的公国( 公元 8世纪）并成为那不勒斯王国的首都(1282-1860年），是重要海港和商业，文化和旅游业中心。人口1,210,503 〔Hellenism〕An idiom or custom peculiar to the Greeks.希腊主义：属于希腊人所独有的语言或风俗〔Salamis〕An island of Greece in the Saronic Gulf east of Athens. In an important naval battle off the island's northeast coast the Greeks, led by Themistocles, defeated the Persian fleet in 480b.c. 萨拉米斯岛：希腊雅典以东的萨尔尼科湾一岛屿。公元前 480年在发生于该岛东北沿岸附近的一次重大海战中，西米斯托可斯率领希腊人打败波斯舰队 〔Astyanax〕The young son of Hector and Andromache, killed when the Greeks conquered Troy.阿斯蒂阿纳克斯：赫克托耳与安德洛玛克的幼子，在希腊人攻打特洛伊时被杀〔Sicily〕An island of southern Italy in the Mediterranean Sea west of the southern end of the Italian peninsula. It was colonized from the 8th centuryb.c. by Greeks, who displaced the earlier Phoenician settlers. The next conquerors were Carthaginians, who in turn were conquered by Romans in the 3rd century b.c. After a succession of other rulers the island came under the control of the Normans in the 11th century a.d. and formed the nucleus of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, consisting of Sicily and southern Italy. The island continued to change hands until a later kingdom was conquered by Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1860 and became part of unified Italy. 西西里：意大利南部一岛屿，位于意大利半岛南端以西的地中海。从公元前 8世纪起成为希腊殖民地，希腊人赶走了早期定居在此的腓尼基人。迦太基人成为下一个征服者，他们在 公元前 3世纪又被罗马人所征服。在经过其他人相继统治之后， 公元 11世纪该岛被置于诺曼人管辖之下，并形成了两西西里王国的核心部分，由西西里和意大利南部组成。该岛继续多次易手，直到1860年朱森珀·加里波第征服了最后一个王国为止，它成为统一后的意大利的一部分 〔Priam〕The father of Paris, Hector, and Cassandra and king of Troy, who was killed when his city fell to the Greeks.普里阿摩斯：是帕里斯，赫克托耳和卡珊德拉的父亲，特洛伊的国王，在特洛里城被希腊人攻陷时被杀〔Mediterranean〕The region surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. Some of the most ancient civilizations flourished in the region, which was dominated for millenniums by Phoenicia, Carthage, Greece, Sicily, and Rome.地中海沿岸地区：地中海周围的地区。一些最古老的文明曾在这里繁荣兴盛。这一地区先后为腓尼基人、迦太基人、希腊人、西西里人以及罗马所统治〔hell〕The abode of the dead, identified with the Hebrew Sheol and the Greek Hades; the underworld.阴间，冥府：死者居住的地方，与犹太人的阴司和希腊人的阴世相同；冥府〔papyrus〕A material on which to write made from the pith or the stems of this sedge, used especially by the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans.纸莎草纸：一种由这种芦苇的茎或髓制成的书写材料，尤其为古代埃及人、希腊人和罗马人使用〔Lemnos〕An island of northeast Greece in the Aegean Sea off the coast of Turkey northwest of Lesbos. Occupied in ancient times by Greeks, the island was later held by Persians, Romans, Byzantines, and Ottoman Turks. It became part of modern Greece in 1913.利姆诺斯：希腊东北部一岛屿，位于爱琴海中，远离土耳其海岸，莱斯博斯岛的西北方向。古时曾被希腊人占领，该岛后来相继为波斯人、罗马人、拜占庭人和奥斯曼土耳其人占据。直到1913年才成为现代希腊的一部分〔phoronid〕probably from Latin [Phoronean, Argive (name of Io, priestess of Argos)] 可能源自 拉丁语 [Phoronean, 希腊人（阿尔戈斯女教士Io的名字）] 〔mentor〕The wordmentor is an example of the way in which the great works of literature live on without our knowing it. The word has recently gained currency in the professional world,where it is thought to be a good idea to have a mentor, a wise and trusted counselor, guiding one's career, preferably in the upper reaches of the organization.We owe this word to the more heroic age of Homer,in whoseOdyssey Mentor is the trusted friend of Odysseus left in charge of the household during Odysseus's absence. More important for our usage of the wordmentor, Athena disguised as Mentor guides Odysseus's son Telemachus in his search for his father.Fénelon in his romanceTélémaque (1699) emphasized Mentor as a character, and so it was that in French (1749) and English (1750)mentor, going back through Latin to a Greek name, became a common noun meaning "wise counselor,” first recorded in 1750.Mentor is an appropriate name for such a person because it probably meant "adviser" in Greekand comes from the Indo-European rootmen- 1, meaning "to think.”词语mentor 使我们看到了伟大的文学作品是如何在我们毫无察觉的情况下而经久而不衰的。 这个词最近开始在职业界通用起来，在职业界中，能有一个“良师”， 一个忠实而又聪明的顾问来指导你的职业生涯，尤其是你的提升，真不失为一个好办法。这个词来源于荷马英雄时代，在荷马史诗Odyssey 中，孟托是奥德赛的忠实朋友，奥德赛出征时将其留下以掌管家事。 对于我们今天mentor 这个词的用法更为重要的一个事实是， 雅典娜将自己装扮成孟托而引导奥德赛之子忒勒马科斯去寻找他的父亲。费奈隆在他的传奇故事泰雷马克历险记 （1699年）中强调了孟托这一人物， 正因为如此，这一从一个希腊人名经拉丁文演化而来的词mentor 在法语(1749年）和英语(1750年）中成了一个意为“贤明的顾问”的普通名词， 并在1750年被首次记载。Mentor 对于一个贤明的顾问是个合适的名称， 因为它在希腊语中可能有“顾问”之意，而且源自印欧语词根men- 1， 又有“思考”之意〔Ionian〕One of a Hellenic people of Mycenaean origin that inhabited Attica, the Peloponnesus along the Saronic Gulf, Euboea, the Cyclades, and Ionia.爱奥尼亚人：源于迈锡尼的一支希腊人，曾在阿提卡，沿萨罗尼克湾的伯罗奔尼撒半岛，欧比亚，基克拉迪群岛和爱奥尼亚居住〔Marseilles〕A city of southeast France on an arm of the Mediterranean Sea west-northwest of Toulon. The oldest city of France, it was founded c. 600b.c. by Greeks from Asia Minor and overrun by barbarian tribes in the 5th and 6th centuries a.d. Marseilles became independent in the 13th century and passed to France in 1481. Today it is an industrial center and a major seaport. Population, 874,436. 马赛：法国东南部一城市，位于土伦西北偏西的地中海一海湾上。公元前 600年由来自小亚细亚半岛的希腊人建立，是法国最古老的城市。 公元 5世纪和6世纪由野蛮部落统治。13世纪马赛独立并于1481年交由法国统治。现为工业中心和主要港口。人口874,436 〔Pythias〕A Greek who rescued his friend Damon, who stood bail for Pythias when he was condemned to die.皮西厄斯：希腊人，曾救过朋友达蒙的命，当皮西厄斯被判死罪时，达蒙站出来为他担保〔Achaean〕One of a Hellenic people believed to have inhabited the Peloponnesus and to have created the Mycenaean civilization.亚加亚人：据说是居住在伯罗奔尼撒半岛上的一希腊人种，创造了迈锡尼文明〔Greek〕A person of Greek ancestry.希腊人后裔：祖先为希腊人的人〔Strabo〕Greek geographer and historian whose great work,Geography, is the only extant text that describes the people and countries known to the Greeks and Romans during the reign of Augustus. 斯特拉博：希腊地理学家，历史学家，他的伟大著作《地理》 ，是现存的唯一的于奥古斯都统治时期描绘希腊人与罗马人所知的人民和国家的作品 〔Achaean〕A Greek, especially of the Mycenaean era.希腊人：希腊人，尤指居住在迈锡尼时代的希腊人〔Miletus〕An ancient Ionian city of western Asia Minor in present-day Turkey. Occupied by Greeks c. 1000b.c. , it became an important trading and colonizing settlement and also flourished as a center of learning. The city declined after its harbor silted up early in the Christian era. 米利都：小亚细亚西部一爱奥尼亚古城，位于今土耳其境内公元前 1000年被希腊人占领，成为重要的贸易中心及殖民定居地，同时也是繁荣的文化中心。在基督教兴起早期该城因港口淤泥塞集而衰落 〔Greek〕Of or relating to Greece or its people, language, or culture.希腊的：与希腊人、语言和文化有关的〔mantis〕The female mantis has the habit of eating the male after mating.In spite of such behaviorthe mantis is graced with a religious name.Mantis is from the Greek word mantis, meaning "prophet, seer.”The Greeks, who made the connection between the upraised front legs of a mantis waiting for its prey and the hands of a prophet in prayer,used the namemantis to mean "the praying mantis.” This word and sense were picked up in Modern Latin and from there came into English,being first recorded in 1658.Once we know the origin of the termmantis, we realize that the species namespraying mantis and Mantis religiosa are a bit redundant. Two other names of this sort that have been used for mantises arepraying locust and orator mantis. To understand the latter,we must keep in mind the obsolete sense oforator, "one who makes a prayer or petition.” 雌性螳螂习惯于在交配后吃掉雄性螳螂。尽管存在着这种行为，螳螂还是被赋予了一个具有宗教色彩的名字。Mantis 来源于希腊语 mantis 一词， 意为“先知，预言家”。希腊人把螳螂捕食前高举的前肢与预言家祷告时的双手联系起来，用mantis 一词来表示“祈祷的预言家”。 新拉丁语吸收了这个词及其意义，英语又从拉丁语中吸取了该词，最早记载见于1658年。我们既然知道了mantis 的来源， 就会发现其属种名praying mantis 和 Mantis religiosa 略有重复。 用来表示螳螂的其它类似名称还有praying locust 和 orator mantis。 要想弄清楚后者，我们必须想到orator 一词的过时的意思“做祷告或祈求的人” 〔sack〕The wordsack may seem an odd candidate for preserving a few thousand years of history, but this word for an ordinary thing probably goes back to Middle Eastern antiquity.Sack owes its long history to the fact that it and its ancestors denoted an object that was used in trade between peoples. Thus the Greeks got their wordsakkos, "a bag made out of coarse cloth or hair,” from the Phoenicians with whom they traded. We do not know the Phoenician word,but we know words that are akin to it,such as Hebrewsaq and Akkadian saqqu. The Greeks then passed the sack, as it were, to the Latin-speaking Romans, who transmitted their wordsaccus, "a large bag or sack,” to the Germanic tribes with whom they traded, who gave it the form .sakkiz (other peoples as well have taken this word from Greek or Latin, including speakers of Welsh, Russian, Polish, and Albanian).The speakers of Old English, a Germanic language, used two forms of the word,sæc, from .sakkiz, and sacc, directly from Latin; the second Old English form is the ancestor of oursack. sack 这个词具有几百年的历史看起来可能很奇怪， 但这个词用来指一件普通的物品大概可追溯到古代中东。Sack 的长久历史归功于它和它的前身，即指用于人们之间贸易的一个物品。 因此希腊人从与他们做买卖的腓尼基人处得到sakkos 这个词，指“用粗布或毛发制成的袋子”。 我们不懂腓尼基语指什么，但知道一些与它相关的词，如希伯莱语中的Saq 和阿卡德语中的 Saqqu。 希腊人于是又把这个词传到说拉丁语的罗马人中，罗马人把他们的词saccus （“大袋子，大麻袋”）传给与他们做贸易的日耳曼人部落，他们用 Sakkiz 这种形式 （其他民族也从希腊语或拉丁语中得到这个词，其中包括说威尔士语、俄语、波兰语和阿尔巴尼亚语的人们）。讲古英语（一种日耳曼语言）的人用这个词的两种形式：源自sakkiz 的 sæc 和源自拉丁语的 sacc ； 这第二种古英语的形式是我们现在的sack 的前身 〔Greek〕A native or inhabitant of Greece.希腊人：希腊本地人或居民〔Metapontum〕An ancient city of southeast Italy on the Gulf of Taranto. It was settled by Greeks c. 700b.c. Pythagoras taught here in the sixth century. 麦特蓬托姆：意大利东南的一座古老城市，临塔兰托湾公元前 700年由希腊人建立，6世纪时毕达哥拉斯曾在此讲学 〔Hellenism〕The civilization and culture of ancient Greece.希腊文明：古代希腊人的文明和文化〔Grecian〕A native or inhabitant of Greece.希腊人：土生土长的希腊人和希腊的居住者〔Hellenize〕To adopt Greek ways and speech; become Greek.使希腊化：在方式和语言上希腊化；成为希腊人〔galligaskins〕from griego [Greek] 源自 griego [希腊的，希腊人的] 〔Crete〕An island of southeast Greece in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Its Minoan civilization was one of the earliest in the world and reached the height of its wealth and power c. 1600b.c. Crete subsequently fell to the Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Venetians, and Ottoman Turks. The islanders proclaimed their union with modern Greece in 1908. 克里特岛：希腊东南沿海的一个岛屿，位于地中海东部。它的迈诺斯文明是世界是最早的文明之一，并在公元前 17世纪纪达到其财富和权势的顶峰。克里特岛先后被希腊人、罗马人、拜占廷人、阿拉伯人、威尼斯人和奥托曼土耳其人攻陷。岛上居民在1908年宣布与现代的希腊结成联盟 |
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英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。