| 单词 | 捷克斯洛伐克 |
| 释义 | 〔Navratilova〕Czechoslovakian-born American tennis player who won nine Wimbledon women's singles championships (1978, 1979, 1982-1987, and 1990), more singles titles than any other player.纳夫拉蒂洛娃，马丁纳：(生于 1956) 捷克斯洛伐克裔的美国网球运动员，她赢得了九次温布尔登女子单打冠军(1978，1979，1982-1987，和1990年），获得的单打头衔比任何其他运动员都多〔Vistula〕A river of Poland, about 1,091 km (678 mi) long, rising near the Czechoslovakian border and flowing in an arc northeast, northwest, and north to the Gulf of Gda÷sk.维斯图拉河：波兰的一条河流，长约1,091公里(678英里），发源于捷克斯洛伐克边境，呈h弧形流向东北、西北，向北注入格旦斯克湾〔koruna〕A basic unit of currency in Czechoslovakia. See table at currency 克朗：捷克斯洛伐克的一种基本货币单位 参见 currency〔Spree〕A river, about 402 km (250 mi) long, of eastern Germany rising near the Czechoslovakian border and flowing generally north to the Havel River at Berlin.斯普雷河：德国一条河，流程约402公里(250英里），发源于捷克斯洛伐克边境附近，大致向北在柏林注入哈弗尔河〔Vltava〕A river, about 434 km (270 mi) long, of western Czechoslovakia flowing southeast then north to the Elbe River.伏尔塔瓦河：一条长约434公里(270英里）的河流，位于捷克斯洛伐克西部，流向东南并向北注入易北河〔crown〕A basic unit of currency in Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. See table at currency 克朗：一种捷克斯洛伐克、丹麦、冰岛、挪威和瑞典等国的货币基本单位 参见 currency〔Bratislava〕A city of southern Czechoslovakia on the Danube River near the Austrian and Hungarian borders. It was the capital of Hungary from 1541 to 1784. Population, 409,100.布拉迪斯拉瓦：捷克斯洛伐克南部城市，位于奥地利和匈牙利边界附近多瑙河畔。1541至1784年间曾是匈牙利首都。人口409,100〔Serkin〕Czechoslovakian-born American pianist known for his interpretations of the works of Austrian and German composers of the classical and romantic periods.塞尔金，鲁道夫：(1903-1991) 捷克斯洛伐克裔美国钢琴家，以他对古典主义和浪漫主义时期奥地利和德国作曲家作品的演奏而闻名〔Schumpeter〕Czechoslovakian-born American economist known for his theories of the development of capitalism.顺彼得，约瑟夫·阿洛斯：(1883-1950) 捷克斯洛伐克裔美国经济学家，以其资本主义发展理论著名〔Comenius〕Czechoslovakian theologian and educational reformer who held that science exalted divine majesty rather than threatened it.夸美纽斯，约翰·阿摩司：(1592-1670) 捷克斯洛伐克神学家和教育改革者，坚持科学提高而不是威胁神的权威的理论〔Nitra〕A city of south-central Czechoslovakia on theNitra River, a tributary of the Danube. Dating from Roman times, Nitra was a religious center after the ninth century and became a free city in 1248. Population, 83,338. 尼特拉：捷克斯洛伐克中南的一个城市，位于多瑙河的支流尼特拉河 畔，历史可追溯到罗马时期，尼特拉在9世纪之后是一个宗教中心，于1248年成为自由城。人口83,338 〔Friml〕Czechoslovakian-born American pianist and composer of 33 light operas, includingThe Firefly (1912) and The Vagabond King (1925). 弗里莫尔，（查尔斯）鲁道夫：(1879-1972) 生于捷克斯洛伐克的美国钢琴演奏家和作曲家，曾创作了33部轻歌剧，包括《萤火虫》 （1912年）和 《流浪的国王》 （1925年） 〔dollar〕after Joachimstal (Jáchymov), a town of northeast Czechoslovakia where similar coins were first minted 源自 亚西莫夫 （亚西莫夫），首次制造相似货币的捷克斯洛伐克东北部城镇 〔Bohemia〕A historical region and former kingdom of present-day western Czechoslovakia. The Czechs, a Slavic people, settled in the area between the 1st and 5th centuriesa.d. A later principality was independent until the 15th century, when it passed to Hungary and then to the Hapsburgs. Bohemia became the core of the new state of Czechoslovakia in 1918. 波希米亚：历史上的地区和王国，在今天的捷克斯洛伐克西部。在1世纪和5世纪之间，斯拉夫人的一支捷克人在此定居。在公元 15世纪，其中主要部分独立出来，成立匈牙利，后来又变成哈布斯堡王朝。1918年，波希亚地区成为新成立的捷克斯洛伐克共和国的核心 〔Brezhnev〕Soviet leader. He served as the chairman of the Presidium (now the Politburo) and secretary of the Communist Party before becoming president of the U.S.S.R. in 1977. In 1968 he enunciated the Brezhnev Doctrine, which asserts that the U.S.S.R. may intervene in any Warsaw Pact country in which the Communist government is threatened. Soviet adherence to this doctrine was evidenced by the invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968) and Afghanistan (1977).勃列日涅夫，利奥尼德·伊奇：(1906-1982) 苏联领导人。1977年成为苏联总统以前，曾任最高苏维埃主席团（即现在的政治局）主席和前苏联共产党总书记。1968年发表勃列日涅夫法则，声称当华沙条约成员国的共产党政府受到威胁时，苏联可以进行干涉。苏联坚持这一原则，入侵捷克斯洛伐克（1968年）和入侵阿富汗（1977年）即是证明〔Brno〕A city of central Czechoslovakia southeast of Prague. Founded in the tenth century, it became a free imperial city in 1243. Population, 383,443.布尔诺：捷克斯洛伐克中部一城市，位于布拉格东南。建于10世纪，1243年成为一个自由的有宗主权的城市。人口383,443〔Beskids〕A mountain range of the western Carpathians extending about 322 km (200 mi) along the Polish-Czechoslovakian border and rising to 1,726 m (5,659 ft) at Babia Góra. The range is divided into theEast Beskids and the West Beskids. 贝斯基德山：喀尔巴阡山脉西部的山脉，在波兰和捷克斯洛伐克边境延绵322公里（200英里），海拔1,726米（5,659英尺），位于巴比亚峰。山脉被分为东贝斯基德 和 西贝斯基德。 〔Hof〕A city of east-central Germany near the Czechoslovakian border north-northeast of Bayreuth. First mentioned in the early 13th century, it passed to Prussia in 1792 and Bavaria in 1810. Population, 51,183.霍夫：德国中东部一城市，临近捷克斯洛伐克边界，位于白莱特东北偏北。首现于13世纪初，1792年时归属普鲁士并于1810年归属于巴伐利亚。人口51,183〔Neisse〕A river, about 225 km (140 mi) long, rising in northwest Czechoslovakia and flowing generally north along the border of Germany and Poland to the Oder River.尼斯河：一条流程约225公里(140英里）的河流，发源于捷克斯洛伐克西北部，大致沿德国和波兰边境向北注入奥得河〔Silesia〕A region of central Europe primarily in southwest Poland and northern Czechoslovakia. Settled by Slavic peoples c.a.d. 500, the region was long contested by various states and principalities. After World War I Silesia was partitioned among Germany, Poland, and Czechoslovakia. Much of the Czechoslovakian section passed to Germany and Poland after the signing of the Munich Pact in 1938. Germany occupied Polish Silesia from 1939 to 1945, and after World War II Poland annexed most of German Silesia. Upper Silesia, in southern Poland, is an important industrialized area. 西里西亚：欧洲中部一地区，主要位于波兰西南部和捷克斯洛伐克北部。公元 500年斯拉夫民族在此定居，长期以来各国和各公国都对该地区进行争夺。第一次世界大战以后，西里西亚被德国、波兰和捷克斯洛伐克分割。1938年慕尼黑条约签订以后，捷克斯洛伐克所占的那部分归入德国和波兰。1939年至1945年德国占领了波兰属西里西亚，第二次世界大战后波兰合并了大部分德属西西里亚。波兰南部的 上西里西亚 是一个重要的工业区 〔Smetana〕Czechoslovakian composer whose works include the operaThe Bartered Bride (1866) and the cycle of tone poems My Country (1879). 斯梅塔那，贝蒂奇：(1824-1884) 捷克斯洛伐克作曲家，其作品包括歌剧《被出卖的新娘》 （1866年）和交响乐套诗 《我的祖国》 （1879年） 〔Liberec〕A city of northwest Czechoslovakia north-northeast of Prague. Founded c. 1350, it has been a textile center since the 16th century. Population, 100,048.利贝雷茨：捷克斯洛伐克西北部的一个城市，位于布拉格东北偏北部。它建于1350年，从16世纪起就是纺织中心。人口100,048〔Gottwaldov〕A city of eastern Czechoslovakia east of Brno. It has an important shoemaking industry. Population, 85,383.哥特瓦尔德夫：捷克斯洛伐克东部一城市，布尔诺的东面，该市有重要的制鞋工业。人口85,383〔Elbe〕A river of Czechoslovakia and Germany flowing about 1,167 km (725 mi) to the North Sea. It has been a major waterway since Roman times.易北河：捷克斯洛伐克和德国的一条河，注入北海，流程1,167公里（725英里）。自罗马时代起就是一条主要水道〔Ruthenia〕A region of western European U.S.S.R. in the Ukraine south of the Carpathian Mountains. It was once a province of Czechoslovakia (1918-1939) and was annexed by the U.S.S.R. in 1945.罗塞尼亚：苏联欧洲部分西部一地区，在喀尔巴阡山南部乌克兰境内。曾是捷克斯洛伐克社会主义共和国的一个省(1918-1939年），后来在1945年被苏联合并〔Morava〕A river of central Czechoslovakia flowing about 386 km (240 mi) generally southward to the Danube River near Bratislava.摩拉瓦河：发源于捷克斯洛伐克中部的一条河流，流程约为386公里(240英里），大致向南在布拉迪斯拉瓦附近注入多瑙河〔Lidice〕A village of northwest Czechoslovakia west-northwest of Prague. In reprisal for the murder of a Nazi official, German forces killed its male population, deported the women and children to concentration camps, and burned the village to the ground (June 9-10, 1942).利迪泽：捷克斯洛伐克西北部的一个村落，位于布拉格西北偏西。1942年6月9日至10日，德国军队作为对一名纳粹军官被杀的报复，屠杀了这个村子的所有男性，并把妇女和儿童送往集中营，然后把整个村子烧成灰烬〔Heyrovsky〕Czechoslovakian chemist. He won a 1959 Nobel Prize for the development of polarography.海罗夫斯基，加洛斯拉夫：(1890-1967) 捷克斯洛伐克化学家，曾于1959年因其对极谱法发展所做的贡献获诺贝尔奖〔Moravia〕A region of central Czechoslovakia. Settled by a Slavic people at the end of the sixth centurya.d. , it became an independent kingdom in 870 but fell to the Magyars in 906 and later to the Bohemians. In 1526 Moravia came under the rule of the Austrian Hapsburgs. It was incorporated into Czechoslovakia in 1918. 摩拉维亚：捷克斯洛伐克中部一个地区，在公元 6世纪末期由斯拉夫人定居于此，后来在870年成为一个独立的王国，但是在906年又陷落于马扎尔人之手，后来又被波希米亚人控制。在1526年摩拉维亚处于奥地利哈布斯堡人的统治之下，并于1918年并入捷克斯洛伐克 〔Prague〕The capital and largest city of Czechoslovakia, in the western part of the country on the Vltava River. Known since the 9th century, it was a leading cultural and commercial center by the 14th century and came under Hapsburg rule in 1526. In 1618 citizens of Prague expressed their dissatisfaction of Hapsburg rule by throwing several royal officials out of the windows of the Hradčany Castle in the so-called Defenestration of Prague. The city became the capital of newly formed Czechoslovakia in 1918. Population, 1,189,828.布拉格：捷克斯洛伐克首都及最大城市，位于这个国家的西半部，临瓦尔塔瓦河。该城自公元9世纪就已闻名于世，到14世纪为止是一个处于领先地位的文化及商业中心，于1526年开始为哈布斯堡王朝所统治。1618年，为了表示对哈布斯堡王朝统治的不满，布拉格市民将几个皇家官员从克拉克尼城堡的窗中扔了出去，从而制造了所谓的“布拉格扔出窗外”事件。1918年该城成为新形成的捷克斯洛伐克的首都。人口1,189,828〔Fichtelgebirge〕A mountain range of east-central Germany near the Czechoslovakian border. The region is a popular resort area.费希特尔山：德国中东部山区，邻近捷克斯洛伐克边界。该地区是受人欢迎的旅游胜地〔Czechoslovakia〕A country of central Europe. It was formed in 1918 from Czech-speaking and Slovak-speaking territories of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, although disparate ethnic elements led to internal conflicts before World War II. Prague is the capital and the largest city. Population, 15,479,642.捷克斯洛伐克：中欧一国家。尽管第二次世界大战前种族分裂因素导致了内战，1918年还是脱离讲捷克语和斯拉夫语的奥匈帝国而形成独立国家。布拉格是其首都和最大城市。人口15,479,642.〔Most〕A city of northwest Czechoslovakia near the German border northwest of Prague. It dates to at least the 11th century. Population, 63,634.莫斯特：捷克斯洛伐克西北部一城市，位于布拉格西北部，靠近德国边境。其历史至少可追溯到11世纪。人口63,634〔Sudetenland〕A historical region of northwest Czechoslovakia along the Polish border. Seized by the Germans in September 1938, it was restored to Czechoslovakia in 1945.苏台德：捷克斯洛伐克西北部沿波兰边境一有历史意义地区， 1938年9月被德国人占领。1945年归还给捷克斯洛伐克〔Breshkovsky〕Russian revolutionary and social reformer who was imprisoned for her revolutionary activities before 1917. After the Russian Revolution she settled in Czechoslovakia.布勒什科夫斯基，凯瑟琳：(1844-1934) 俄国革命家和社会改革家，1917年前曾因革命活动被捕入狱。俄国革命后她定居在捷克斯洛伐克〔Huss〕Czechoslovakian religious reformer who was excommunicated (1409) for attacking the corruption of the clergy. HisDe Ecclesia questioned the authority and infallibility of the Catholic Church. 胡斯，约翰：(1372?-1415) 捷克斯洛伐克宗教改革者，1409年由于攻击牧师制度的堕落而被开除教籍。他在著作《教会》 中对天主教会的权威和正确性提出了质疑 〔Olomouc〕A city of north-central Czechoslovakia on the Morava River northeast of Brno. Possibly founded as a Roman fortress, it was ceded to Hungary in 1478 and was the capital of Moravia until c. 1640. Population, 105,516.奥洛穆茨：捷克斯洛伐克中北部的一个城市，濒临摩拉瓦河，在布尔诺的东北方。当时可能是作为罗马要塞而建立，于1478年割与匈牙利。在公元1640年以前是作为摩拉维亚的首府。人口105,516〔Erzgebirge〕A mountain range extending about 153 km (95 mi) along the border of Germany and Czechoslovakia. It rises to 1,244.4 m (4,080 ft).厄尔士山脉：德国和捷克斯洛伐克的交界处的一山脉，绵延153公里(95英里）。海拔约1,244.4米(4,080英尺）〔Havel〕Czechoslovakian writer and politician. A widely known playwright whose works includeThe Increased Difficulty of Concentration (1967) and The Garden Party (1969), Havel became a civil rights leader after the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968). He was elected president in December 1989. 哈维尔，沃克拉夫：(生于 1936) 捷克斯洛伐克作家及政治家，他是一个著名的剧作家，作品包括《越来越难以集中精力》 （1967年）和 《花园聚会》 （1969年），1968年苏联入侵捷克斯洛伐克后他成为一名民权领袖，于1989年12月被选为总统 〔Masaryk〕Czechoslovakian politician who served as the first president of independent Czechoslovakia (1918-1935). His sonJan Garrigue Masaryk (1886-1948) was the foreign minister of the provisional government in London (1940-1945) and the restored government in Prague (1945-1948). 马萨里克，托马斯·加里盖：(1850-1937) 捷克斯洛伐克政治家，该国独立后的首任总统(1918-1935年）。他的儿子贾恩·戛里格·马萨里克 (1886-1948年）曾任在伦敦的流亡政府的外交部长(1940-1945年），并在布拉格恢复了政府统治(1945-1948年） |
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