| 单词 | 爱奥尼亚 |
| 释义 | 〔Taranto〕A city of southeast Italy east-southeast of Naples on theGulf of Taranto, an arm of the Ionian Sea. Founded by Greeks from Sparta in the eighth century b.c. , it was known as Tarentum in Roman times. Ruled by varied powers over the centuries, it became part of Italy in 1860. Population, 242,774. 塔兰托：意大利东南部一城市，位于那不勒斯东南偏东，塔兰托湾 沿岸，该湾为爱奥尼亚海的一个海口。它于 公元前 8世纪为希腊人中的斯巴达人所建立，在古罗马时代被称作塔兰顿。在那以后的各个世纪中该城曾被许多强国统治过。在1860年它成为意大利的一部分。人口242,774 〔Samos〕An island of eastern Greece in the Aegean Sea off the western coast of Turkey. First inhabited in the Bronze Age, it was later colonized by Ionian Greeks and became an important commercial and maritime power in the sixth centuryb.c. Subsequently controlled by Persia, Athens, Sparta, Rome, Byzantium, and the Ottoman Empire, the island became part of modern-day Greece in 1913. 萨摩斯岛：希腊东部爱琴海上一岛屿，位于土耳其西岸附近。最早于青铜器时代就有人居住，后被爱奥尼亚希腊人殖民，在公元前 6世纪成为重要的商业和海上力量。先后被波斯、雅典、斯巴达、罗马、拜占庭和奥托曼帝国占领，1913年此岛成为今天希腊的一部分 〔Ionic〕The ancient Greek dialect of Ionia.古希腊爱奥尼亚方言〔Messenia〕An ancient region of southwest Greece in the Peloponnesus on the Ionian Sea. It fought a series of wars against Sparta c. 736 to 371b.c. The Romans conquered the area in 146 b.c. 迈森尼亚：古希腊西南部的一个地区，位于伯罗奔尼撒半岛上，爱奥尼亚海沿岸。该地区从公元前 736年至371年曾发生过与斯巴达的一系列战争。 公元前 146年罗马人征服了这一地区 〔volute〕A spiral, scroll-like ornament such as that used on an Ionic capital.螺旋饰：一种漩涡卷轴形饰物，如用于爱奥尼亚柱头上〔Catania〕A city of eastern Sicily, Italy on theGulf of Catania, an inlet of the Ionian Sea. Founded in the eighth century b.c. , Catania was a flourishing Greek community and later a Roman colony. Population, 378,521. 卡塔尼亚：意大利西西里岛东部一城市，濒临卡塔尼亚湾 ，是爱奥尼亚海的一个海湾。卡塔尼亚创建于 公元前 8世纪，曾是一个繁荣的希腊社区，后来沦为罗马殖民地。人口378,521 〔Catanzaro〕A city of southern Italy near the Ionian Sea. It was founded in the tenth century. Population, 100,637.卡坦查若：意大利南部一城市，位于爱奥尼亚海附近，创建于10世纪。人口100,637〔Ionian〕One of a Hellenic people of Mycenaean origin that inhabited Attica, the Peloponnesus along the Saronic Gulf, Euboea, the Cyclades, and Ionia.爱奥尼亚人：源于迈锡尼的一支希腊人，曾在阿提卡，沿萨罗尼克湾的伯罗奔尼撒半岛，欧比亚，基克拉迪群岛和爱奥尼亚居住〔Alpheus〕A river of the Peloponnesus in southern Greece flowing about 113 km (70 mi) to the Ionian Sea.阿尔斐俄斯河：希腊南部伯罗奔尼撒的一条河，全长约113公里（70英里），流入爱奥尼亚海〔Ionic〕Of or relating to Ionia or the Ionians.爱奥尼亚的；爱奥尼亚人的〔crocodile〕The crocodile may owe its name to its resemblance to a much smaller creature, a lizard that lived in the stone walls of Ionia.This lizard's name,krokodilos, is thought to be a compound of krokē, "pebble, gravel,” and drilos, which is only attested as meaning "circumcised man" but is assumed to mean "worm" as well. According to Herodotus, Ionians in Egypt noted the resemblance, probably humorously, between basking crocodiles and their own "worm of the stones.”The modern form of Englishcrocodile represents a return to the Classical Latin spelling crocodīlus, Latin having borrowed the word from Greek.But other spellings occurred in Classical Greek and Latin, and one of these Latin spellings,cocodrillus, passed into Medieval Latin and Old French (cocodril ) and then into English, so that our earliest possible use of the word, in a work perhaps composed before 1300, is spelledcokedrille. It was not until the 16th century that the word came to have its present spelling.The various spellings met with in the history ofcrocodile reflect the same sort of variations that occurred in the history of alligator. 鳄鱼可能是因为与一种比它小得多的生物，即生长在爱奥尼亚的石墙中的蜥蜴外表相似而得名。这种蜥蜴的名字krokodilos 被认为是由 kroke （意为“卵石，砾石”）一词和 drilos 这一（只被证明有“受割的人”的意思但又被假定有“蠕虫”的意思的）词组成的复合词。 希罗多德认为，埃及境内的爱奥尼亚人可能出于幽默而记下了晒太阳的鳄鱼和他们本地的“石头中的蠕虫”之间的类似点。英语的crocodile 的现代形式反映了古拉丁语拼法 crocodilus 的回归， 拉丁语中的这个词是从希腊语中引入的。但是出现在古希腊语和古拉丁语中的其它拼法以及其中一种拉丁语拼法，cocodrillus ， 却进入到中世纪拉丁语和古法语(cocodril )中，然后又进入到英语中， 所以出现在可能写于1300年以前的一篇文章中的我们最早有可能使用该词时的拼法是cokedrille 。 直到16世纪，这个词才变成现在这种拼法。在crocodile 一词的演变历史中的多种拼法也反映了在 alligator 一词的演变历史中的相似变化 〔Ionian〕A native or inhabitant of Ionia.爱奥尼亚人：爱奥尼亚本地人或居住者〔Corfu〕An island of Greece in the Ionian Islands off the northwest coast of the mainland. Settled c. 700b.c. , the island was controlled by Rome, Byzantium, Sicily, Venice, and Great Britain before being ceded to Greece in 1864. 科孚岛，科塞拉：爱奥尼亚群岛中的一个希腊岛屿，与大陆的西北部相望，大约公元前 700年时开始有人定居，1864年割让给希腊前曾被罗马·拜占庭西西里、威尼斯和大不列颠统治过 〔Otranto〕A passage between southeast Italy and western Albania connecting the Adriatic Sea with the Ionian Sea.奥特朗托海峡：意大利东南部与阿尔巴尼亚西部之间沟通亚得里亚海和爱奥尼亚海的通道〔Eretria〕An ancient city of Greece on the southern coast of Euboea. Founded as an Ionian colony, it was destroyed by the Persians in 490b.c. 埃瑞特里亚：希腊古城，位于尤比亚岛南岸，该城因系爱奥尼亚人的殖民地被建立，于公元前 490年被波斯人摧毁 〔Cythera〕An island of southern Greece in the Mediterranean Sea south of the Peloponnesus. Southernmost of the Ionian Islands, it was the chief center for the worship of Aphrodite.基西拉岛：希腊南部的一个岛，位于地中海上、伯罗奔尼撒半岛以南。爱奥尼亚群岛最南端，它是祭拜阿佛洛狄忒最重要的中心〔Caria〕An ancient region of southwest Asia Minor with a coastline on the Aegean Sea. It was settled by Dorian and Ionian colonists and conquered by Alexander the Great in 334b.c. 卡里亚：小亚细亚西南部一古老地区，其海岸线濒临爱琴海。曾是多利安和爱奥尼亚的殖民地，公元前 334年被亚历山大大帝征服 〔Xuthus〕The ancestor of the Ionian Greeks.薛西斯：希腊爱奥尼亚人的祖先〔Ionia〕An ancient region of western Asia Minor along the coast of the Aegean Sea. Greek settlers established colonies here before 1000b.c. The seaports of Ionia flourished from c. 8th century b.c. until the Turkish conquest of the 15th century a.d. 爱奥尼亚：古代小亚细亚西部沿爱琴海海岸的一个地区。希腊人在公元前 1000年以前在这儿建立了殖民地。爱奥尼亚的海港从 公元前 8世纪开始繁荣起来，直到 公元 15世纪土耳其人的征服 〔Miletus〕An ancient Ionian city of western Asia Minor in present-day Turkey. Occupied by Greeks c. 1000b.c. , it became an important trading and colonizing settlement and also flourished as a center of learning. The city declined after its harbor silted up early in the Christian era. 米利都：小亚细亚西部一爱奥尼亚古城，位于今土耳其境内公元前 1000年被希腊人占领，成为重要的贸易中心及殖民定居地，同时也是繁荣的文化中心。在基督教兴起早期该城因港口淤泥塞集而衰落 〔Taormina〕A town of eastern Sicily, Italy, at the foot of Mount Etna overlooking the Ionian Sea. First founded in the eighth centuryb.c. , it is a famous winter resort. Population, 10,085. 陶尔米纳：意大利西西里岛东部一城镇，位于能俯瞰爱奥尼亚海的埃特纳火山脚下。它第一次建城是在公元前 8世纪，现在它是一个闻名遐迩的冬季度假胜地。人口10,085 〔Crotone〕A city of southern Italy on the Ionian Sea northeast of Reggio di Calabria. It was founded c. 708b.c. as a colony of Magna Graecia and reached the height of its power after 510 b.c. Population, 58,281. 克罗同，克罗托纳：意大利南部的一个城市，位于爱奥尼亚海沿岸，累佐·迪卡拉布里亚市的东北方向。它作为大希腊的一个殖民地创建于公元前 708年，并在 公元前 510年以后到达到其权力的顶峰。人口58,281 〔modillion〕An ornamental bracket used in series under a cornice, especially a cornice of the Corinthian, Composite, or Ionic orders.檐口托饰：一种组合柱式或爱奥尼亚式檐口滴水板下的一系列的装饰托座，尤见于科林斯柱式〔Corinth〕An inlet of the Ionian Sea between the Peloponnesus and central Greece.科林斯湾，莱潘托湾：介于伯罗奔尼撒半岛和希腊中部的一个爱奥尼亚海的海湾〔scroll〕An ornament or ornamental design that resembles a partially rolled scroll of paper, as the volute in Ionic and Corinthian capitals.涡卷形装饰：一种涡卷形装饰，就好象部分成轴的纸卷，很象古希腊爱奥尼亚式、科林斯式柱头上的螺旋饰〔Cephalonia〕The largest of the Ionian Islands off the western coast of Greece. It was held by the British from 1809 to 1864.塞弗洛尼亚岛：希腊西海岸外爱奥尼亚群岛中最大的一个岛屿。1809年至1864年被英国占领〔Syracuse〕A city of southeast Sicily, Italy, on the Ionian Sea south-southeast of Catania. Founded by colonists from Corinth in the eighth centuryb.c. , it reached the height of its power in the fifth century but fell to the Romans in 212. Population, 117,689. 锡拉库扎：意大利西西里岛东南部一城市，位于卡塔尼亚东南偏南，爱奥尼亚海沿岸。公元前 8世纪由科林斯殖民者创建，5世纪其国力达到颠峰，但于212年落于罗马人之手。人口117,689 〔Phocaea〕An ancient Ionian Greek city of western Asia Minor on the Aegean Sea in present-day Turkey. It was an important maritime state c. 1000 to 600b.c. but declined after a Persian siege in 540. 福西亚：小亚细亚西部的一个古代爱奥尼亚希腊城市，位于爱琴海上、今天的土耳其境内，从公元前 1000年到600年是一个重要的海港城邦。但在540年被波斯人围攻后败落 |
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