| 单词 | 牧羊人 |
| 释义 | 〔common〕"He [Shakespeare] was not something sacred and aloof from the vulgar herd of men" (William Hazlitt).The word usually connotes the lack of refinement ofcommon : “他 不是来自粗俗的牧羊人的神圣且冷淡的东西” （威廉·海斯利特）。此单词常暗示着common 的缺乏教养： 〔exalt〕exalted the shepherd to the rank of grand vizier.把牧羊人提升为高贵的大臣〔syringa〕from Greek surinx suring- [shepherd's pipe (from the use of its hollow stems to make pipes)] 源自 希腊语 surinx suring- [牧羊人的乐管（因为此植物的中空茎可制成管状物）] 〔pastor〕from Latin pāstor [shepherd] * see pā- 源自 拉丁语 pāstor [牧羊人] * 参见 pā- 〔Goes〕Flemish painter whose emotive, spiritual works includeThe Adoration of the Shepherds (c. 1476). 胡斯，于格·范·德：(1440?-1482) 法兰德斯画家，他的充满感情的宗教作品有《牧羊人的礼拜》 （C.1476年） 〔pastoral〕Of or relating to shepherds or herders.牧羊人的；牧人的：牧羊人或牧人的，与牧羊人或牧人有关的〔swain〕A country lad, especially a young shepherd.乡村青年，尤指年轻牧羊人〔syphilis〕In 1530 Girolamo Fracastoro, a physician, astronomer, and poet of Verona,published a poem entitled "Syphilis, sive Morbus Gallicus,” translated as "Syphilis, or the French Disease.” In Fracastoro's poem the name of this dreaded venereal disease is an altered form of the hero's name,Syphilus. The hero, a shepherd, is supposed to have been the first victim of the disease. Where the nameSyphilus itself came from is not known for certain, but it has been suggested that Fracastoro borrowed the name from Ovid'sMetamorphoses. In Ovid's work Sipylus (spelledSiphylus in some manuscripts) is the oldest son of Niobe, who lived not far from Mount Sipylon in Asia Minor.Fracastoro's poem about Syphilus was modeled on the story of Niobe.Although the etymology involving Sipylus was known to the editors of theOxford English Dictionary, it was not accepted as their last word on the subject.C.T. Onions, one of the dictionary's editors, writing in theOxford Dictionary of English Etymology, says that “ Syphilus [the shepherd's name] is of unkn[own] origin.” Fracastoro went on to use the termsyphilis again in his medical treatise De Contagione, published in 1546. The word that Fracastoro used in Latin was eventually borrowed into English, being first recorded in 1718.1530年，吉罗拉莫·弗拉卡斯特罗，一位医生，天文学家，也是维罗纳的诗人，发表了名为"Syphius, sive Morbus Gallicus"的诗，译作“梅毒，或法国疾病”。在弗拉卡斯特罗的诗中，这种可怕的性病的名字是主人公名字 Syphilus（西弗乐斯） 的变体。 主人公是一名牧羊人，据认为是该病的第一个受害者。 Syphilus（西弗乐斯） 这一名字本身的来源并不明确， 但有人认为弗拉卡斯特罗是从奥维德的变形记 中借用的。 在奥维德的作品中，西皮卢斯（Sipylus）（有些版本写作Siphylus ）是尼俄柏的大儿子， 他住在小亚细亚的锡皮劳恩山附近。弗拉卡斯特罗的有关西弗乐斯的诗是以尼俄柏的故事为原型的。尽管牛津英语词典 的编者们知道有关西弗乐斯的词源， 这种词源解释还没有被最终确认下来。该词典的编者之一，C·T·奥尼恩斯在牛津英语词源 中写道“ 西弗乐斯 的词源不详”。 在弗拉卡斯特罗发表于1546年的医学论文传染病 中，他继续用 梅毒 这一词语。 弗拉卡斯特罗用的这一拉丁语词是终被借用进英语，其最早的记录出现于1718年〔sheepherder〕A person who herds sheep, especially on an open range; a shepherd.牧羊人：放牧羊的人，尤指在开敞牧区上；牧羊人〔shepherd〕To herd, guard, tend, or guide as or in the manner of a shepherd.See Synonyms at guide 牧羊：作为或以牧羊人的方式放牧、守卫、照料或引导 参见 guide〔pastoral〕from pāstor [shepherd] * see pastor 源自 pāstor [牧羊人] * 参见 pastor〔Ramsay〕Scottish poet noted for his patriotic and pastoral works, including the dramaThe Gentle Shepherd (1725). 拉姆齐，阿伦：(1686-1758) 苏格兰诗人，以其爱国主义和田园风光的作品闻名，其中有戏剧《和善的牧羊人》 （1725年） 〔masquerade〕She masqueraded as a shepherd.她在假面舞会上化装成了牧羊人〔crook〕An implement or tool, such as a bishop's crosier or a shepherd's staff, with a bent or curved part.曲柄杖：一种带有弯曲部分的用具或工具，如主教的权杖或牧羊人的牧杖〔shepherd〕One who herds, guards, and tends sheep.牧羊人：放牧、守卫并照料羊群的人〔bucolic〕A farmer or shepherd; a rustic.农夫或牧羊人；乡下人〔crocket〕from Old North French croquet [shepherd's crook] [diminutive of] croque 源自 古法国北方方言 croquet [牧羊人的弯柄杖] croque的小后缀 〔rural〕Pastoral, which evokes the image of shepherds, sheep, and verdant countryside,suggests the charm and serenity of the country: Pastoral ，引人联想到牧羊人、羊群和苍翠的乡村景象，暗指农村的魅力和安详： 〔bucolic〕Of or characteristic of shepherds or flocks; pastoral.牧羊人的，放羊人的：牧羊人或牧民的，或者具有其特征的；牧羊人的〔Drayton〕English poet who produced a wide range of works, including sonnets, dramas, satires, and eclogues, such as those inIdea, The Shepherd's Garland (1593). 德雷顿，迈克尔：(1563-1631) 英国诗人，创作了各种体裁的作品包括十四行诗、诗剧、讽刺诗与田园诗，如《思想，牧羊人的花环》 （1593年） 〔Spenser〕English poet known chiefly for his allegorical epic romanceThe Faerie Queene (1590-1596). His other works include the pastoral Shepeardes Calendar (1579) and the lyrical marriage poem Epithalamion (1595). 斯宾塞，埃德蒙：(1552?-1599) 英国诗人，主要以其寓言性浪漫史诗《仙后》 （1590-1596年）而闻名。他的其他作品包括牧歌 《牧羊人的日历》 （1579年），以及抒情婚姻诗 《祝婚歌》 （1595年） 〔eclogue〕A pastoral poem, usually in the form of a dialogue between shepherds.田园诗：田园诗，常以牧羊人之间对话的形式出现 |
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