| 单词 | 莱昂 |
| 释义 | 〔pant〕It would seem unlikely that the name of a 4th-century Roman Catholic saint should be the ultimate source of a word for a modern article of clothing commonly worn by both men and women.Pants, however, can be traced back to Pantaleon, the patron saint of Venice. He became so closely associated with the inhabitants of that citythat the Venetians became popularly known asPantaloni. Consequently, among the commedia dell'arte's stock characters the representative Venetian (a stereotypically wealthy but miserly merchant) was calledPantalone. His name in French,Pantalon, was borrowed into English (first recorded around 1590). During the middle of the 17th centurythe French came to identify him with one particular style of trousers,and this same style became known aspantaloons in English. Pantaloons was later applied to another style of trousers that came into fashion toward the end of the 18th century, tight-fitting garments that had begun to replace knee breeches.After thatpantaloons was used to refer to trousers in general. The last step in the development of the wordpants met with some resistance. This abbreviation ofpantaloon was considered vulgar and, as Oliver Wendell Holmes put it,"a word not made for gentlemen, but ‘gents.’”First found in the writings of Edgar Allan Poe in 1840,pants has replaced the "gentleman's word" in English and has lost all obvious connection to Saint Pantaleon.看起来一位公元4世纪的罗马天主教徒的名字似乎不可能是这个做为男人和女人平常都穿的布做的现代物品的根本词源。Pants 但可以追溯到奥塔莱昂，威尼斯的庇护神。 他变得与这座城市里的居民联系得这样紧密，以至于威尼斯人也通俗的被称为Pantaloni 。 结果，在即兴喜剧的角色中那个有代表性的威尼斯人（一个愚富而吝啬的商人）被称作Pantalone。 他的法语名字Panlalon 被借用到英语中（初次记录大约在1590年）。 在17世纪中期，法国人开始把它与一种特殊类型的裤子等同起来，同一种类型的裤子在英语中是pantaloons 。 Pantaloons 后来被用作另一种类型的裤子并在18世纪末日渐流行， 紧身衣服已经开始取代齐膝马裤。在那以后，pantaloons 被用来泛指裤子。 在pants 一词发展的最后遇到了一些阻力。 Pantaloon 的缩写被认为是粗俗的， 并且正如奥立弗·温德尔·霍姆斯所说，“并不是为绅士而造的词，而是为‘家伙们所造’”。最早在1840年发现于艾德加·爱伦·坡的作品中，pants 在英语中已经替代了那个“绅士的语言”， 而且显然已失去了和圣奥塔莱昂的一切联系〔Jouhaux〕French politician and labor leader. He won the 1951 Nobel Peace Prize for his international efforts on behalf of workers and unions.茹奥，莱昂：(1879-1954) 法国政治家、工人领袖。因为他在国际上代表工人及工会所作出的努力而获1951年诺贝尔和平奖〔Alberti〕Italian writer, musician, mathematician, and artist whose influential treatises on painting, architecture, and sculpture introduced classical ideas into Renaissance art.阿尔贝蒂，莱昂·拜提斯塔：意大利作家、音乐家、数学家和艺术家，他具有深远影响的关于绘画、建筑和雕刻的论文将古典文艺的理念引入文艺复兴时期的艺术作品〔Bourgeois〕French statesman who was a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague (1903-1925) and helped draft the Covenant of the League of Nations (1919). He won the 1920 Nobel Peace Prize.乔尔乔亚，莱昂·维克托·奥古斯特：(1851-1925) 法国政治家，海牙常设仲裁法院成员（1903-1925年），协助起草国际联盟盟约（1919年）。获1920年诺贝尔和平奖〔Mackenzie〕British-born Canadian insurgent and member of Parliament (1828-1836 and 1851-1858) who led an armed insurrection in Toronto (1837) to protest colonial rule.麦肯齐，威廉·莱昂：(1795-1861) 英国裔加拿大起义者、国会议员(1828-1836和1851-1858年），领导了反对殖民统治的多伦多武装起义(1837年）〔Gambetta〕French political leader. After the defeat of Napoleon III (1870), Gambetta helped create the Third Republic.甘皮塔，莱昂·米歇尔：(1838-1882) 法国政治领导人，在击败拿破仑三世(1870年）之后帮助建立了第三共和国〔Bakst〕Russian painter and scenic designer who modernized theater design. His best-known works were for ballets produced by Sergei Diaghilev in Paris.巴克斯特，莱昂·尼古拉维奇：(1866-1924) 俄国画家和舞台设计者，他使剧场设计现代化。他最著名的作品是在巴黎为谢尔盖·佳吉列夫出品的芭蕾舞剧所做的舞台设计〔psychobiography〕"We are given a kind of psychobiography which ultimately pictures a deeply egotistical individual, unable to tolerate anyone else's success"(Leon Botstein)“我们看到一种心理传记，这部传记最终刻画了一个以自我为中心忍受不了他人成功的人”(莱昂·鲍特斯坦)〔overdog〕"a champion of the overdog who provides tax breaks for the rich while cutting social services for the poor"(Leon Daniel)“一个支持停止富人缴税同时却削减为穷人提供社会服务的特权阶级的人”(莱昂·丹尼尔)〔Daudet〕French writer known for his highly charged political essays and numerous volumes of memoirs.都德，莱昂：(1867-1942) 法国作家，因其猛烈地抨击政治的文章和许多回忆录而闻名〔Biminis〕A group of small islands of the western Bahamas in the Straits of Florida. According to legend, the islands are the site of the Fountain of Youth sought by Juan Ponce de León.比米尼群岛：巴哈马西部的一群小岛，位于佛罗里达海峡。据传说是胡安·彭斯·德·莱昂寻找“青春泉”的所在地〔King〕Canadian politician who three times served as prime minister (1921-1926, 1926-1930, and 1935-1948).金，威廉·莱昂：(1874-1950) 加拿大政治家。曾三次任总理（1921-1926，1926-1930和1935-1948年）〔Blum〕French socialist politician who served as premier (1936-1937, 1938, and 1946-1947). He was imprisoned (1940-1945) by the Vichy government during World War II.勃鲁姆，莱昂：(1872-1950) 法国社会党政治家，曾担任总理(1936-1937，1938及1946-1947年），在二次大战期间被维希政权判刑入监(1940-1945年）〔pec〕"Beneath those pecs there beats a heart"(Leon Wieseltier)“胸脯底下，一颗心在跳动”(莱昂·维塞尔特尔)〔myth〕"German artillery superiority on the Western Front was a myth"(Leon Wolff)“在西方战线上，德军的大炮的优势纯属虚构”(莱昂·沃尔夫)〔Lyon〕American educator who founded (1837) Mount Holyoke College, the first American institution of higher learning for women.莱昂，玛丽·马松：(1797-1849) 美国教育学家，1837年创立豪尔约克山女子学院，是美国第一所为妇女设立的高等学府〔Foucault〕French physicist who estimated the speed of light and determined that it travels more slowly in water than in air (1850). He also employed a pendulum to prove the rotation of the earth (1851) and invented the gyroscope (1852).佛科，简·伯纳德·莱昂：(1819-1868) 法国物理学家，1850年测试出光速并确定光在水中的速度慢于在空气中的速度。他还于1851年用钟摆证实了地球的自转，并于1852年发明了回旋器〔Zorn〕Swedish artist noted for his sculptures and his paintings and etchings of landscapes, nudes, and genre scenes.索恩，安德斯·莱昂哈德：(1860-1920) 瑞典艺术家，他以雕刻、绘画、风景画、铜版画、裸体画和风俗画而著称〔Hamilton〕British socialite. She became Horatio Nelson's lover in 1798 and had a daughter with him in 1801.汉密尔顿夫人，爱玛·莱昂：(1765?-1815) 英国社交界的名人。她在1798年成为霍雷肖·纳尔森的情妇，并在1801 年为他生下了一个女儿 |
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