| 单词 | 有机化合物 |
| 释义 | 〔naphthol〕An organic compound, C10H 7OH, occurring in two isomeric forms, alpha-naphthol and beta-naphthol. 萘酚：一种有机化合物，C10H 7OH，存在于两种异构形式，α-萘酚和β-萘酚 〔oxygenase〕An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the incorporation of molecular oxygen into its substrate.氧酶：对有机化合物与分子氧反应起催化作用的一种酶〔nitrate〕To treat with nitric acid or a nitrate, usually to change (an organic compound) into a nitrate.硝化：用硝酸或硝酸盐处理，通常将（有机化合物）转化成硝酸盐或硝酸酯〔porphyrin〕Any of various nitrogen-containing organic compounds, derived from pyrrole, occurring universally in protoplasm and providing the foundation structure for hemoglobin, chlorophyll, and certain enzymes.卟啉：一类含氧的有机化合物的一种，由卟咯衍生而来普遍存在于细胞质中，是构成血红蛋白、呼吸色素及某些酶的基本结构〔dimethyl〕An organic compound, especially ethane, containing two methyl groups.双甲基的，乙烷：一种有机化合物，特别是乙烷，内含有两个甲基〔plastic〕Any of various organic compounds produced by polymerization, capable of being molded, extruded, cast into various shapes and films, or drawn into filaments used as textile fibers.塑胶：通过聚合作用制成的一种有机化合物，能被造型，挤压和塑铸成各种形状或薄膜，也可被拉成细丝用作纺织纤维〔ester〕Any of a class of organic compounds corresponding to the inorganic salts and formed from an organic acid and an alcohol.酯：一类有机化合物，相当于无机盐，是由一分子有机酸和一分子酒精构成的〔carbohydrate〕Any of a group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starches, celluloses, and gums and serves as a major energy source in the diet of animals. These compounds are produced by photosynthetic plants and contain only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually in the ratio 1:2:1.碳水化合物，糖类：包含糖、淀粉、植物纤维素和树脂，并作为动物饮食的主要能量来源的一组有机化合物。这些化合物由进行光合作用的绿色植物产生，仅含碳、氢和氧原子，通常它们的比例是1:2:1〔Berthelot〕French chemist and public official who was a founder of thermochemistry, studied explosives, and was the first to synthesize organic compounds.贝特洛，皮尔·尤金·马瑟林：(1827-1907) 法国化学家和政府官员，热化学的奠基人，研究爆炸物且第一个合成有机化合物〔amine〕Any of a group of organic compounds of nitrogen, such as ethylamine, C2H 5NH 2, that may be considered ammonia derivatives in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a hydrocarbon radical. 胺：一组被认为是氨之衍生物的含氮有机化合物中一种，如乙胺，C2H 5NH 2，其中一个或一个以上的氢原子被烃基所取代 〔ptomaine〕A basic nitrogenous organic compound produced by bacterial putrefaction of protein.尸碱：一种含氮的有机化合物，由蛋白质被细菌感染导致腐烂而产生〔chlorohydrin〕An aliphatic organic chemical compound that is both an alkyl chloride and an alcohol, frequently containing a single chlorine atom and a single hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon atoms.氯醇：一种烃基氯化物和酒精的脂肪族有机化合物，通常包括相邻碳原子上的单氯原子和单氢氧基化合物〔polyamine〕Any of a group of organic compounds that contain two or more amino groups.聚胺；多胺：一组含有两个或多个胺基的有机化合物中的任一种〔dehydratase〕An enzyme that catalyzes the removal of oxygen and hydrogen from organic compounds in the form of water.脱水酶：一种酶，催化以水的形式存在的有机化合物，使其脱去氧和氢〔furan〕One of a group of colorless, volatile, heterocyclic organic compounds containing a ring of four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom, obtained from wood oils and used in the synthesis of furfural and other organic compounds.呋喃：无色、易挥发的杂环有机化合物的一种，含有一个由四个碳原子和一个氧原子构成的环，从桐油提炼出来，用于合成糠醛及其它有机化合物〔ionophore〕Any of a group of organic compounds that facilitate the transport of ions across the cell membrane.离子载体：为离子穿越细胞膜提供运输载体的一组有机化合物中的任何一种〔sulfonate〕To introduce into (an organic compound) one or more sulfonic acid groups.磺化：引用一个或多个磺酸基到（一个有机化合物中）〔rosaniline〕A brownish-red crystalline organic compound, C20H 21N 3O, derived from aniline and used in the manufacture of dyes and in Schiff's reagent. 蔷薇苯胺，品红（碱），玫苯胺：一种棕红色的透明有机化合物，C20H 21N 3O，衍生于苯胺，并用于制造染料和席夫试剂 〔neurotransmitter〕A chemical substance, such as acetylcholine or dopamine, that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse.神经传送体：通过神经键传递神经脉冲的化学物质，如碱性有机化合物或多巴胺〔alkaloid〕Any of various organic compounds normally with basic chemical properties and usually containing at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring, occurring chiefly in many vascular plants and some fungi. Many alkaloids, such as nicotine, quinine, cocaine, and morphine, are known for their poisonous or medicinal attributes.生物碱：有机化合物的一种，通常呈碱性且在一杂环中至少含有一个氮原子，主要存在于许多维管植物和一些真菌中。许多生物碱，如尼古丁、金鸡纳霜、可卡因和吗啡都以其毒性或在医药方面的特性而为人们所熟知〔pentachlorophenol〕A toxic white crystalline compound, C6Cl 5OH, used in solution as a fungicide and wood preservative. 五氯苯酚：一种有毒的白色结晶有机化合物，C6Cl 5OH，其溶液可用于抑制真菌生长或木头防腐 〔reductase〕An enzyme that promotes reduction of an organic compound.还原酶：促进有机化合物还原的酶〔acrylonitrile〕A colorless, liquid organic compound, H2C:CHCN, used in the manufacture of acrylic rubber and fibers. 丙烯腈：一种无色的液体有机化合物，H2C:CHCN，用于丙烯酸类橡胶和丙烯酸类纤维的制造 〔carbon〕Symbol C A naturally abundant nonmetallic element that occurs in many inorganic and in all organic compounds, exists freely as graphite and diamond and as a constituent of coal, limestone, and petroleum, and is capable of chemical self-bonding to form an enormous number of chemically, biologically, and commercially important molecules. Atomic number 6; atomic weight 12.01115; sublimation point above 3,500°C; boiling point 4,827°C; specific gravity of amorphous carbon 1.8 to 2.1, of diamond 3.15 to 3.53, of graphite 1.9 to 2.3; valence 2, 3, 4. See table at element 符号 C 碳：一种在自然界很丰富的非金属元素，存在于很多无机化合物和有机化合物中，以石墨和金刚石的形式以及作为煤，石灰岩和石油的一种成份大量存在，能在化学上自我结合而形成大量化学上，生物上和商业上重要的分子，原子序数6；原子量12.01115；升华点高于3,500°C；沸点4,827°C；非结晶质碳的比重为1.8至2.1，钻石的比重为3.15至3.53，石墨的比重为1.9至2.3；化合价为2，3，4 参见 element〔bioorganic〕Of or having to do with organic compounds and their role in biochemical processes.生物有机的：属于或有关于在生物化学过程中的有机化合物及其作用的〔menthol〕A white crystalline organic compound, CH3C 6H 9(C 3H 7)OH, obtained from peppermint oil or synthesized. It is used in perfumes, in cigarettes, as a mild topical anesthetic, and as a mint flavoring. 薄荷醇，薄荷脑：一种白色结晶状有机化合物，化学式为CHÈ�3C 6H 9（C 3H 7）OH，从薄荷油提炼而得或是合成的，作为轻度局部麻醉剂和薄荷调味品被用于香水及香烟中 〔phenol〕Any of a class of aromatic organic compounds having at least one hydroxyl group attached directly to the benzene ring.酚，羟基类化合物：一种芳香的有机化合物，至少含有一个与苯子不直接相连的羟基组〔mercaptan〕A sulfur-containing organic compound with the general formula RSH where R is any radical, especially ethyl mercaptan, C2H 5SH. Also called thiol 硫醇：一种含硫磺的有机化合物，其分子式为RSH，其中R可以是任何种类的基，尤其指乙基硫醇，其化学式为C2H 5SH 也作 thiol〔Woodward〕American chemist. He won a 1965 Nobel Prize for work in synthesizing complicated organic compounds.伍德沃德，罗伯特·伯恩斯：(1917-1979) 美国化学家，他因用合成法合成复杂有机化合物而获1965年诺贝尔奖〔purine〕Any of a group of organic compounds derived from or structurally related to purine, including uric acid, caffeine, and the nucleic acid constituents adenine and guanine.嘌呤衍生物：从嘌呤衍生出来或在结构上与嘌呤有关的一组有机化合物的任一种，包括尿酸、咖啡因及核酸的组成成分腺嘌呤以及乌嘌呤等〔phosphine〕Any of several organic compounds having the structure of an amine but with phosphorus in place of nitrogen.碱性染革黄棕：具有胺的结构的、但是以磷替代了氮的有机化合物〔methenamine〕An organic compound, (CH2) 6N 4, used as a urinary tract antiseptic and in rubber vulcanizing. Also called hexamethylenetetramine 乌洛托品：一种有机化合物，(CH2) 6N 4作为尿道抗菌药和橡胶硫化剂使用 也作 hexamethylenetetramine〔organophosphate〕Any of several organic compounds containing phosphorus, some of which are used as fertilizers and pesticides.有机磷酸酯：几种含磷的有机化合物的任一种，其中一些用作肥料和杀虫剂〔Grignard〕French chemist. He shared a 1912 Nobel Prize for his discovery of a group of reagents used in the synthesis of organic compounds.格雷利亚，弗朗索瓦·奥古斯特·维克托：(1871-1935) 法国化学家，因发现用于合成有机化合物的一系列试剂而获得1912年诺贝尔奖〔nitrobenzene〕A poisonous organic compound, C6H 5NO 2, either bright yellow crystals or an oily liquid, having the odor of almonds and used in the manufacture of aniline, insulating compounds, and polishes. 硝基苯：一种有毒的有机化合物，C6H 5NO 2，为亮黄色晶体或油质液体，有杏仁的味道，用于苯胺、绝缘化合物以及上光剂的生产 〔merbromin〕A green crystalline organic compound, C20H 8Br 2HgNa 2O 6, that forms a red aqueous solution, used as a germicide and an antiseptic. 汞溴红：一种绿色的结晶状有机化合物，化学式为C20H 8Br 2HgNa 2O 6；可以形成红色水溶剂，用作杀菌剂及消毒剂 〔coal〕A natural dark brown to black graphitelike material used as a fuel, formed from fossilized plants and consisting of amorphous carbon with various organic and some inorganic compounds.煤：一种天然的深褐色到黑色石墨样原材料，用作燃料，由植物化石形成，由非结晶碳和各种有机化合物与一些无机化合物组成〔organomercurial〕An organic compound that contains mercury.有机汞制剂：一种含汞的有机化合物〔polyene〕An organic compound containing many double bonds.多烯：一种包含许多双键的有机化合物〔degrade〕To cause (an organic compound) to undergo degradation.使退化：使（有机化合物）进行降解 |
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