| 单词 | 烧烤 |
| 释义 | 〔barbecue〕To roast, broil, or grill (meat or seafood) over live coals or an open fire, often basting with a seasoned sauce.烤炙：在燃煤或户外的火上浇油和调味汁烧烤或炙烤（肉类或海鲜）〔rabble〕Any of various similar tools or mechanically operated devices used in roasting or refining furnaces.拨火棒：用于烧烤或精炼炉中的相似工具或机械操作装置〔burn〕Scorch usually refers to contact with flame or heated metal and involves superficial burning that discolors or damages the texture of something: Scorch 通常指与火焰或加热的金属有关的，还包括改变物体颜色或损伤其纹理的表层烧烤： 〔clambake〕A seashore picnic where clams, fish, corn, and other foods are traditionally baked on heated stones covered with seaweed.海滨野餐会：在覆有海草的灼热的石头上，传统地烧烤蛤、鱼、谷物和其它食物的海滨野餐〔charcuterie〕Sausages, ham, pâtés, and other cooked or processed meat foods.熟肉：香肠、火腿、肉馅饼及其他经烧烤或加工的肉制食品〔fillet〕A boneless strip of meat rolled and tied, as for roasting.卷捆好的肉条：卷起和捆好的无骨肉条，如供烧烤用〔yakitori〕A dish consisting of bite-sized marinated chicken pieces that are grilled on small skewers.烤鸡肉串：把用卤汁浸泡过的小鸡肉片串在串肉签上烧烤的一道菜〔burn〕and from bærnan [to set on fire] * see g wher- 并源自 bærnan [置于火上烧烤] * 参见 g wher- 〔pretzel〕A glazed, brittle biscuit that is salted on the outside and usually baked in the form of a loose knot or a stick.椒盐卷饼：外表面加盐，浇过糖浆的脆饼，常打成松散的节状或棍状后烧烤〔grillroom〕A place where grilled foods are served to customers; a grill.烤肉馆，烧烤店：向顾客提供烤菜和烧烤的地方；烧烤餐馆〔campfire〕An outdoor fire in a camp, used for cooking or warmth.营火：户外营地里的火，用于烧烤或取暖〔sear〕A condition, such as a scar, produced by searing.烙印：烧烤产生的状态，如一个烧疤〔roster〕To be told that the wordroster is related to a gridiron upon which one roasts meat might not come as a surprise, depending on what sort of rosters one's name has graced.The connection between the roster as we know it and a gridiron was made in Dutch,where the wordrooster, meaning "gridiron" (from the verb roosten, "to roast"), was extended in sense to mean "a table, list.”This extension was made because of the resemblance of a gridiron to a piece of paper divided by parallel lines that contains a list or table.The earliest use in English (first recorded in 1727) for the wordroster borrowed from Dutch was military, referring to a list or plan that outlined when officers, men, and bodies of troops should perform their turn of duty. Roster is no longer exclusively military in usage,nor does it mean simply a list of rotating turns of duty;one could perhaps even have a roster of meats to be roasted at a barbecue.如果说roster 一词与供烤肉用的烧烤架有关也许不会令人吃惊， 这就要看名字上了什么样的花名册。荷兰语把我们所知道的roster（花名册）与gridiron（烤架）联系了起来，rooster 意为“烤架”（源于动词 roosten ，意思是“烤”）， 词义延伸后意为“表格，名单”。该词之所以有这样的延伸义是因为烤架与被平行线分成表格的纸张有相似之处。roster 一词从荷兰语中借用后，在英语中（第一次记载于1727年）最早运用于军事， 指粗略记录军官、士兵和部队轮流执行任务的名单或计划。 Roster 不再为军队专用，也不仅仅表示“轮班的名单”的意思，烧烤时我们甚至可以用“烤肉的肉单”〔sear〕To char, scorch, or burn the surface of with or as if with a hot instrument.See Synonyms at burn 1烧烙：用或类似于用一个热器具烧烤、烤焦或燃烧…的表面 参见 burn1〔teriyaki〕A Japanese dish consisting of grilled or broiled slices of marinated meat or shellfish.烧烤：包括烧制或煮熟的切成片的海产品或水生贝壳类动物一种日本菜〔spit〕A slender, pointed rod on which meat is impaled for broiling.烤肉叉，炙叉：一种细长的尖棒，将肉穿在其上烧烤〔earthnut〕A Eurasian and northern African plant(Conopodium denudatum) having tuberous roots that are edible when roasted. 落花生：一种产于欧亚或北非的植物（裸露明党参） ，其块根烧烤后可食用 〔broach〕A spit for roasting meat.炙叉：烧烤肉用的叉子〔carbonado〕A piece of scored and broiled fish, fowl, or meat.一块划上刀花并烧烤过的鱼，家禽或肉〔buccaneer〕The Errol Flynn-like figure of the buccaneer pillaging the Spanish Main may seem less dashing if we realize that the termbuccaneer corresponds to the word barbecuer. The first recorded use of the French wordboucanier, which was borrowed into English, referred to a person on the islands of Hispaniola and Tortuga who hunted wild oxen and boars and smoked the meat in a barbecue frame known in French as aboucan. This French word came from an Arawakan or Tupinamba word meaning "a rack, sometimes used for roasting or for storing things, or a racklike platform supporting an Indian house.”The original barbecuers seem to have subsequently adapted a more remunerative way of life, piracy,which accounts for the new meaning given to the word.Buccaneer is recorded first in 1661 in its earlier sense in English; the sense we are familiar with is recorded in 1690.如果我们认识到buccaneer 一词与 barbecuer 一词词意相当，那么象艾洛尔·弗里恩这样掠夺西班牙船只的海盗也许看起来不算是勇敢了。 法语词boucanier 借用到英语中最早记录下来的意义， 是指生活在伊斯帕尼奥拉岛和托丢伽岛上的人，他们猎野牛和野猪，在boucan 这种烧烤架上烤肉。 这个法语词来自阿拉瓦克语或图皮南巴语，意为“一种架子，有时用来炙烤或贮藏食物，或指架状平台，用来支撑印第安人的房子”。专事炙烤的土著后来适应了海上掠夺这一更有利可图的生活方式。这就是boucan一词为什么被赋予了新的意义。Buccaneer 的早些时候的意义于1661年最早用英语记录下来， 而我们所熟悉的该词的含义是于1690年记录下来的〔rack〕A retail rib cut of lamb or veal, prepared for roasting or for rib chops.肋排肉：零售的羊或小牛肉，用于烧烤或作肋排肉〔cream〕To prepare or cook in or with a cream sauce.用乳脂准备或烧烤〔grill〕To broil on a gridiron.烧烤：放在烤架上烤〔denote〕Denote means "to mark" or "to signify directly"; connote means "to suggest or convey to the mind what is not explicit.”In speaking of words or expressions,denote describes the relation between the expression and the thing it conventionally names, whereasconnote describes the relation between the word and the images or associations it evokes. Thus, the wordChristmas denotes the holiday celebrated on December 25 and connotes turkey, mistletoe, and chestnuts roasting on an open fire.Denote 意思是“作标记“或“直接记作“： connote 意思是“暗示那些没有明显表示出来的意义”。在表示词和词组意义时denote 描述词语与某事物通常意义之间的关系， 而connote 描述的是这个词与它唤起的图象或联想之间的关系。 这样Chrismas 这个词指(denote)在十二月二十五日庆祝的那个节日， 并意味着火鸡、圣诞树或在篝火上烧烤的栗子〔steak〕A slice of meat, typically beef, usually cut thick and across the muscle grain and served broiled or fried.牛排：一种通常横切成圆片烧烤后享用的牛肉片〔steak〕A patty of ground meat broiled or fried.小碎肉饼：用烧烤的肉做夹层的小馅饼〔grill〕An informal restaurant or a room in a restaurant where grilled foods are served; a grillroom.烧烤店，烧烤屋：供应烧烤的非正规的饭馆或饭馆里的房间；烧烤屋〔grill〕Food cooked by broiling or grilling.烤肉，烤菜：烧烤而成的食物 |
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