| 单词 | 莫顿 |
| 释义 | 〔interdepartmental〕"the petty interdepartmental squabbling that surrounds the making of . . . foreign policy"(Morton A. Reichek)“围绕着制定外交政策而引起的各部门间的小小争吵”(莫顿A.赖谢克)〔Wylie〕American writer best remembered for her poems, especially those collected inNets to Catch the Wind (1921). Her novels include Jennifer Lorn (1923). 怀利，埃利诺·莫顿·霍伊特：(1885-1928) 美国作家，以她的诗最为闻名，特别是收集在《捕风巢》 （1921年）。她的小说包括 《珍妮弗·罗恩》 （1923年） 〔Morton〕American musician and composer who recorded seminal jazz works during the 1920's and claimed to have invented jazz.莫顿，费迪南德·约瑟夫·拉·蒙瑟：(1885-1941) 美国音乐家和作曲家，在20世纪20年代创作了具有开创性的爵士乐作品，被认为是爵士乐的发明者〔compos〕"The well-being of the country, even the survival of the world, depends on the president's being compos"(Morton Kondracke)“这个国家的繁荣，甚至连世界的生存，都取决于这个总统的神志是否正常”(莫顿·康德拉克)〔Morton〕American dentist who demonstrated the use of ether as an anesthetic (1846).莫顿，威廉·托马斯·格林：(1819-1868) 美国牙医，他开创了把乙醚作为一种麻醉剂的用法（1846年）〔precise〕"The setting up of this Maypole was a lamentable spectacle to the precise separatists that lived at New Plymouth"(Thomas Morton)“对于生活在新普利茅斯的正统分离主义者来说，这个五朔节花柱的建立实在是令人伤心的悲惨场面”(托马斯·莫顿)〔Morton〕English-born American colonist who was twice deported to England (1628 and 1630) by Puritans who disapproved of his business practices and frolicsome ways.莫顿，托马斯：(卒于 1647) 英国裔美国殖民者，曾两次被反对他商业规则和玩乐的生活方式的清教徒驱逐到英国（1628和1630年）〔Stanley〕British journalist and explorer known for his expedition into Africa in search of David Livingstone, whom he greeted with the words "Doctor Livingstone, I presume?” (1871).斯坦利，亨利·莫顿：(1841-1904) 英国记者和探险家，以其在非洲找寻大卫·李文斯顿的探险而闻名，见到李文斯顿时他说，‘我想，您是李文斯顿博士吧？’(1871年）〔Morton〕Vice President of the United States (1889-1893) under Benjamin Harrison.莫顿，莱维·帕松斯：(1824-1920) 美国本杰明·哈里森任期内的副总统（1889-1893年）〔anesthesia〕The following passage, written on November 21, 1846, by Oliver Wendell Holmes,a physician-poet and the father of the Supreme Court justice of the same name,allows us to pinpoint the entry ofanesthesia and anesthetic into English: "Every body wants to have a hand in a great discovery. All I will do is to give you a hint or two as to names—or the name—to be applied to the state produced and the agent. The state should, I think, be called ‘Anaesthesia’ [from the Greek word anaisthēsia, "lack of sensation"]. This signifies insensibility . . . The adjective will be ‘Anaesthetic.’ Thus we might say the state of Anaesthesia, or the anaesthetic state.”This citation is taken from a letter to William Thomas Green Morton,who in October of that year had successfully demonstrated the use of ether at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.Althoughanaesthesia is recorded in Nathan Bailey's Universal Etymological English Dictionary in 1721, it is clear that Holmes really was responsible for its entry into the language.TheOxford English Dictionary has several citations for anesthesia and anesthetic in 1847 and 1848, indicating that the words gained rapid acceptance.下面是奥立佛·万德·霍姆斯写于1846年11月21的一段话。作者是个诗人医生和与其同名的最高法庭法官的父亲。这段话能使我们断定anesthesia 和 anesthetic 进入英语的背景： “每个人都希望能够参与一次伟大的发现。我所要做的是告诉你一两个提示去命名，或能被应用于某种状态的名称。我认为这种状态应该被叫做Anaesthesia ［从希腊词anaisthesia “感觉缺失”发展而来］。 这个词表示无感觉…其形容词应该是‘Anaesthetic’。这样我们可以说感觉缺失的状态或感觉缺失”。这段话是从寄给威廉·托马斯·格林·莫顿的一封信上摘录下的，莫顿同年十月在波士顿的马萨诸塞总医院曾成功使用了醚。尽管南森·巴利于1721年把anaethesia 选入了 通用英语词源词典 ， 但是很显然是霍姆斯首先把这个词引入英语。牛津英语词典 上有几处引用了1847年和1848年有 anesthesia 和 anesthetic 的句子， 说明这两个词很快就被人们所接受 |
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