| 单词 | 公共交通 |
| 释义 | 〔space〕Reserved or available accommodation on a public transportation vehicle.铺位，座位：预订的或可提供的公共交通工具上的乘坐点〔jeepney〕A jitney bus used in the Philippines for public transportation.吉普尼：一种菲律宾公共交通用的小型公共汽车〔user〕a user of public transportation.公共交通的使用者〔accommodation〕A seat, compartment, or room on a public vehicle.座位，车厢，房间：公共交通工具上的座位、车厢或房间〔farebeat〕To avoid paying the fare for public transportation, especially subway transportation.逃票：逃避支付公共交通工具的费用，特别指地铁〔transfer〕A ticket entitling a passenger to change from one public conveyance to another as part of one trip.转车票：一种使旅客在旅行途中从一种公共交通工具转到另一个交通工具的票证〔class〕A quality of accommodation on public transport:设备的等级：公共交通工具中膳宿的品质：〔utilize〕A number of critics have remarked thatutilize is an unnecessary substitute for use. It is true that many occurrences ofutilize could be replaced by use with no loss to anything but pretentiousness, for example, in sentences such asBarbara utilized (prefer used ) questionable methods in her analysis or We hope that many commuters will continue to utilize (prefer use ) mass transit after the bridge has reopened. Bututilize can mean "to find a profitable or practical use for.” Thus the sentenceThe teachers were unable to use the new computers might mean only that the teachers were unable to turn the computers on, whereasThe teachers were unable to utilize the new computers suggests that the teachers could not find ways to employ the computers in instruction. 一些批评家认为utilize 只是 use 的一个不必要的替换词。 在许多情况下utilize 可以被 use 替代，除了矫饰的风格被去掉之外意思上没有任何减损， 例如：Barbara utilized ( used 更可取） questionable methods in her analysis（芭芭拉在她的分析中用了一些有争议的方法） 或者 We hope that many commuters will continue to utilize ( use 更可取） mass transit after the bridge has reopened（我们希望许多乘公共汽车上下班者在桥重新开通之后仍旧使用公共交通）。 但是utilize 可指“为…找到一种有益的或实用的用途”。 因而下面这句话The teachers were unable to use the new computers（老师们不会使用新电脑） ，有可能指只有这些老师不会打开计算机， 而The teachers were unable to utilize the new computers（老师不会运用新计算机） 暗示了那些老师在指导时不知道如何利用电脑 〔utility〕A commodity or service, such as electricity, water, or public transportation, that is provided by a public utility.公用事业：由公用事业公司提供的商品或服务，如电力，水和公共交通〔judge〕The mayor appointed an experienced arbitrator to mediate between the sides and resolve the transit strike. Anarbiter is one who may or may not have official status but whose opinion or judgment is recognized as being unassailable or binding: 市长委派一位有经验的仲裁人在各方之间作调停并且解决这场公共交通罢工。 Arbiter 可以指有官方地位也可以指没有官方地位的人， 但其观点或判断被承认是无可争议或者必须遵守的： 〔ridership〕The number of passengers who ride a public transport system.全体乘车者，乘客数：乘坐公共交通工具系统的乘客数量〔passenger〕A person who travels in a conveyance, such as a car or train, without participating in its operation.乘客：乘坐汽车或火车等公共交通工具，但不参与驾驶的人〔graffito〕The formgraffiti, based on the Italian plural, is far more common than the singular form graffito. Graffitiis often used as a singular noun. When the reference is to a particular inscription (as inThere was a bold graffiti on the wall ), the formgraffito would be etymologically correct but might strike some readers as pedantic outside an archaeological context.There is no substitute for the singular use ofgraffiti when the word is used as a mass noun to refer to inscriptions in general or to the related social phenomenon. The sentenceGraffiti is a major problem for the Transit Authority Police cannot be rewordedGraffito is . . . (since graffito can refer only to a particular inscription) or Graffiti are . . . , which suggests that the police problem involves only the physical marks and not the larger issue of vandalism.In such contexts,the use ofgraffiti as a singular is justified by both utility and widespread precedent. 基于意大利语的复数形式graffiti 远比单数形式 graffito更普遍。 Graffiti常用作单数名词。 当意指一特定涂鸦物（如在墙上有一处下流的涂鸦 中）， graffito 的形式在词形变化上是正确的， 但可能会在古文化语境外使一些人显得迂腐。graffiti 的单数作物质名词使用来指涂鸦的总称或相应的社会现象时，是没有替代词的。 句子：涂鸦是公共交通警察局遇到的主要难题 ， 不能用Graffito is … 来替换（因为 graffito 只能指一具体的涂鸦）或用 Graffiti are … 来替换， 因其意指警察的问题只涉及存在的标记而不是破坏公物的大问题。在这些语境中，graffiti 作为单数形式的使用是被广泛使用的先例所证实的 〔transfer〕To change from one public conveyance to another:转乘：从一种公共交通设施转换到另一个： |
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